Biodiversity

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Biodiversity
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Domains

• Bacteria (Eubacteria)
• Archaebacteria
• Eukarya

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Domain Bacteria (Eubacteria)

• Characteristics
• Unicellular prokaryotes
• Peptidoglycan cell wall, cell membrane, ribosomes
• No membrane-bound organelles
• Naked DNA, single circular chromosome
• Asexual reproduction binary fission
• Heterotrophs, photoautotrophs, chemoautotrophs
• Rods, spheres, spirals Gram positive and gram
  negative

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Domain Bacteria (Eubacteria)

• Examples
• Bacillus, E. Coli, Streptococcus, cyanobacteria
  blue-green algae

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Domain Archaebacteria

• Characteristics
• Unicellular prokaryotes
• Cell wall (no peptidoglycans), cell membrane,
  ribosomes, no membrane-bound organelles
• DNA histone proteins, single circular
  chromosome
• Asexual reproduction binary fission
• Extremophiles halophiles, thermophiles,
  methanogens

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Domain Archaebacteria

• Examples
• Methancoccus, Halobacterium, Thermoproteus

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Domain Eukarya

• Characteristics
• Unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes
• Membrane-bound organelles nucleus, mitochondria,
  chloroplasts, Golgi complex, ER, lysosomes
• Heterotrophs, autotrophs

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Domain Eukarya

• Examples
• Animals, plants, protists, fungi

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Domain Eukarya- Kingdom Protista

• Mode of nutrition
• Autotrophs (algae)
• Heterotrophs (predators)
• Cell wall
• Some have cell wall
• Some have only cell membrane
• Diatoms and forams have silica (glass) cell walls

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Domain Eukarya- Kingdom Protista

• Reproduction
• Mostly asexual
• Binary fission
• budding
• Sometimes sexual
• Other
• Photoplankton and zooplankton
• Locomotion via flagella, cilia, and pseudopods
• Mostly unicellular and some multicellular
• Examples Euglena, amoeba, paramecium, and kelp

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Domain Eukarya- Kingdom Fungi

• Mode of nutrition-
• Heterotrophs (by absorption)
• Cell wall-
• Cell wall (chitin)

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Domain Eukarya- Kingdom Fungi

• Reproduction
• Mostly sexual
• Asexual for unicellular yeasts
• Other
• multi-nucleated cells
• basidiomycetes mushrooms
• Bread mold
• yeast

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Domain Eukarya- Kingdom Plantae

• Mode of nutrition
• Autotrophs (photosynthesis)
• Cell wall
• Cell wall (cellulose)

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Domain Eukarya- Kingdom Plantae

• Reproduction
• Sexual
• Alternation of generations
• Spores and seeds
• Asexual
• Cuttings, tubers, etc
• Other
• Mosses
• Ferns
• Gymnosperms
• angiosperms

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Domain Eukarya- Kingdom Animalia

• Mode of nutrition
• Heterotrophs (ingestion)
• Cell wall
• no

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Domain Eukarya- Kingdom Animalia

• Reproduction-
• Sexual (gametes)
• Other-
• All multicellular
• Invertebrates sponges, worms, molluscs,
  arthropods
• Vertebrates fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds,
  and mammals