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Regulation of Gene Expression

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* * operon ... N6 A A A A A trp tRNATyr lac recA Ara BAD TTGACA ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Regulation of Gene Expression


1
? ? ? ?
??????
Regulation of Gene Expression
2
? ? ????????
Basic Conceptions and Principle
3
?????????
???(genome) ??????????????????????? ??????????
????????????????????????????
4
  • ????(gene expression)

???????????????????????????????? ?????????????????
,???????????????
5
????????
??
???????????????,rRNA?tRNA?????????????????rR
NA?tRNA,??rRNA?tRNA?????,??rRNA?tRNA??????????????
?
?????????
6
?????????? ?????????????
???????(?4000???),???????5-10????????,????
???????????,???????? ????????10????,????????
????????????,??????????,??????????????????1????,??
??????????????????????,????????20??????????
7
??????????????
(?)?????
8
(?)?????
????????,????????????????????,?????????????(spatia
l specificity)?
?????????????????????,????????????????,???????????
??????(cell or tissue specificity)?
9
?????????
????????,?????????
(?)?????
????
?????????????????????,?????????(housekeeping
gene)?
10
????????,?????????????,???????????????????????????
,?????????????,????????????????(constitutive gene
expression)? ????????????????????RNA??????????
????????????,????????,????????????????
11
(?)???????
?????(adaptive expression)????????????????????????
??????????????,?????????????,??????????????,?
??????????????????????????,????????????????????,?
???????????????????

12
??????????,????????,????????,????????????
????(induction)
????????????,????????,?????????????
?DNA?????,?????????
13
???????????????,???????????
14
????????,??????????,??????????,???????????,??????(
coordinate expression),??????????(coordinate
regulation)?
15
??????????????
(?)????????????
(?)?????????
16
?????????????
(?)?????????
????
???? ????? mRNA??
????
??????????????
17
(?)????????????
????????????????,???????????????,?????????????????
?
1. ??DNA????????
18
????
???(operon) ??
19
?RNA?????????????DNA???
1) ????
20
????(consensus sequence) ??????????????
??????(???)??RNA?????????????????????????
21
2? ????
????(repressor)?????
?????????????,???RNA???????????,??RNA??????DNA????
,?????
22
3) ???????????
??
????(activator)??????????DNA??,??RNA???????????,??
RNA??????
23
??????????????,RNA?????????????????
24
????
???????????????????(5?) ??? ??? ???

25
  • ??????????????????
  • ???????????????????????? ,?TATA??CAAT??,???????RNA
    ????????????????

26
2) ?????????
??????(trans-acting factor)
???????????????,?????????????????????,??????
?????????????
????
27
????????????????????????,?????????,??????
????
28
???????????????????????????????????,????DNA???????
????????????
29
???????????DNA?,??????-???????,?????(dimer)????(po
lymer)?(?????) ???????DNA?,????????????????
???????????????????,???????????????????
30
3. RNA???
? ??????/??????RNA?????
??????/????????????RNA?????????,???????????????
?????????????? ??,????????RNA-pol????????????,??
???RNA-pol???????????,????????????
31
? ?????RNA?????
????????????,???????????????(?????????)?????????,?
???DNA-???????-?????????RNA?????,???????????,?????
?????
?????
???RNA????70 (????????)??32??,?????????????
32
? ? ? ????????
Regulation of Prokaryotic Gene Transcription
33
(?)s????RNA????????
????RNA-pol,??????s??
(?)?????????
(?)?????????????
34
???
??????????????????????(operon)????,??????????
???? ??????,????????????,??????????????,????
??????????(operon)
35
??????
  • ?????????????????????????????????,????????????????
    ????

36
???????????
37
???????????
(?)?????(lac operon)???
38
(?)?????????
???????
39
??????
40
(?)CAP?????
????,cAMP????
????,cAMP????
41
??
1)???????????
????????????R,R???????,??????????DDRP??,??????
??
2)????,?????
??????????????,???????,??,??????,cAMP???,CAP??????
???
??????,???????,?????
42
3)????,??????
?????????,???????,???????????????
??????,cAMP???,CAP?????????,??????????,???????
????
43
4)???,?????
???????,???cAMP???,cAMP?CAP??????,?DNA??,???D
DRP????,?????
?????????,???????,???????????????,????????DDR
P????,?????????,??????????????????
??????,???????,?????? ??????,?????
44
(?)????
???????????,CAP??????????
???CAP??,???????????????,??????????
???????,????????? ?????????/???????,??????????
???? lac ???????????????(catabolic repression)?

45
?????????????
????????? 1)???Rho????? 2)????Rho???????????
????????????????????,?????????,???????,????????
??????,????????
46
?????????????
???????????????
1???????????
  • ??????mRNA???,?????????????,??????
  • ???????????mRNA,???????,??????

47
2???RNA????????
  • ???????RNA,????RNA
  • ??RNA????????RNA,?????mRNA????????????,???mRNA???
    ??30S????AUG?????SD?????,???????
  • ??RNA?????,??????

48
? ? ? ????????
Regulation of Eukaryotic Gene Transcription
49
???????????
(?)?????????
50
(?)????
????(monocistron) ?????????????mRNA??,???????????
(?)????(?????????)
(?)??????????
51
????????????
(?)RNA???
???????RNA pol??????????RNA???,?????????RNA?
??RNA????????????????,???????????????
52
(?)?????????
1. ??????
??????????,?????????????
2. DNA??????
????DNA???????????
?????
53
3. DNA??????
CpG?????????????5????CpG??
4. ?????
? ??Lys??????? ? H2A, H2B????????? ? ????? ?
H3???????
54
(?)?????????
????????????????????,????????
(?)????????
55
????????????
(?)??????
1. ???
????????RNA??????????????????,????????????????????
???
56
TATA? ????TF-?D????
?????? CAAT??(?)GC? TATA? ?????
???????TATA? ?????
??,??????????TATA?
57
2. ???(enhancer)
?????????????????????????????????DNA??,???????????
????????
??
???????5?3?????? ????????????????? ???????????
???????? ?????????????? ??????????????
58
3. ???(silencer)
???????????,???????????,???????????
59
(?)??????
  • ??DNA???????????
  • ?????????????DNA??????,???????,??????-???????????D
    NA?
  • ???-????DNA-??????,???????????,??????????????????
  • ????????????????,?????????????

60
1. ????????(?????)
?????? (general transcription factors)
?RNA??????????????????,????RNA(mRNA?tRNA?rRNA)????
?? ????,?TF?D????,????????????RNA?????,???????
61
?????? (special transcription factors)
?????????????????????????????????.??????????,?????
????????????
??????(?????????)
??????(?????????,?????????,????????)
62
2. ????????
63
????DNA???
1. ??(zinc finger)
???GC?
C Cys H His
?????????DNA??????,??5 ?????
64
Cys
Zn
His
65
2. a-??
???CAAT?
66
3. ?????
67
(?)mRNA ????????
TBP????
??RNA????????????,??????????
68
????????????????
???DNA??????????????????
????????????????DNA???
?????DNA?????,???????????????,?????????????
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