Chapter 13.2 Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis

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Chapter 13.2Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis
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Key Questions

• What is the genetic code and how is it read?
• What role does the ribosome play in assembling
  proteins?
• What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

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Ribosome

• rRNA
• Protein Assembly

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mRNA

• Codon 3 mRNA (genetic code)
• DNA ? mRNA to the ribosome

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The Steps of Translation

1. mRNA leaves the nucleus ? ribosome
2. AUG-start codon-enters the ribosome
3. tRNA brings amino acid to the ribosome
4. Codon and anticodon attach together
5. Amino acids on the tRNA bind togetherpeptide
   bond
6. tRNA leaves, mRNA shifts down, another tRNA
   attaches, process repeats until it gets to a stop
   codon. Forms polypeptide chain (protein)

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Animations

• 1
• 2
• 3

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Central Dogma

• DNA ? RNA ? Protein

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Making Proteins

• DNA T A C A A C G T A C G A A C T
• mRNA A U G U U G C A U G C U U G A
• 1 2 3
  4 5
• Amino Acids
• AUG Methionine
• UUG- Leucine
• CAU- Histidine
• GCU- Alanine
• UGA- Stop