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The Kite

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Title: The Kite


1
The Kite
  • The History of Kites and How Kites Influenced
    Technology

2
Way Back When?Kites were invented.
  • Some scholars think 1000 BC in China
  • Others think no way to determine where and when
  • Current thinking China and Malaysia
  • First documented 200 BC China Han Dynasty
  • Early accounts of kites exist in Korea, Thailand,
    Japan, New Zealand
  • India oldest festival celebrated for centuries
  • Early mention 1295 Europe - Marco Polo

3
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4
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5
Early Uses For The Kite
  • 200 BC Han general used kite to find correct
    distance to dig a tunnel (triangulation)
  • New Zealand and Asia kite fishing
  • Asia- religious- Koreans released kites to take
    away bad luck from babies
  • Thailand- farmers flew kites- asked gods to make
    monsoon winds to prevent flooding rains
  • Toys and Celebrations

6
Han general Flying Kite
7
European Kite History
  • 1405 manuscript reference about kite flying in
    military
  • 1430 directions for making kites appear
  • 1589,1643 books show how to lift fireworks with
    kites
  • 1618 Middleburg, Holland an illustration shows
    children flying diamond kites
  • Kite is regarded as a toy in Europe

8
1700s Kites-More Scientific And Begin To
Influence Technology
  • 1749 Alexander Wilson (Scottish) uses kites to
    lift thermometers. Proves that temperature
    changes with altitude.
  • 1752 Ben Franklin experiments prove there is
    electricity in lightning. Modern scholars doubt
    the view that he personally held the kite string,
    probably would have killed him.

9
Franklin Flyin
10
1800s Kites on Steroids
  • 1804 George Cayley -concept of heavier than air
    flight,introduces idea of gliders
  • 1827 George Peacock uses kites to pull a carriage
  • 1847 Homan Walsh, age 10, flew kite across
    Niagara Gorge, first step in building a bridge
  • 1890s Larwence Hargrave, Wright Brothers and
    others used cellular kites for lifting people and
    flight studies.
  • 1800s many scientific studies involving kites.

11
Wright With Hargrave Design
12
1900s Kite Uses Multiply
  • 1900 Guglielmo Marconi used a kite to lift
    antenna for historical radio link between Europe
    and North America
  • 1901 Coyne kite used to raise military observers
  • 1903 Wright Brothers
  • 1903 S.F.Cody uses kite to pull his canoe across
    English Channel

13
First Powered Flight
14
More Technology
  • 1906 Kites used to take Aerial Photographs
    (Damage from San Francisco earthquake).
  • 1907 Alexander Graham Bell- tetrahedral cell kite
    lifts his wife off the ground.
  • 1919 Kite train flown to 31,955 ft. Lindenberg,
    Germany
  • 1939-1945 Kites used for targets, observing, and
    communication in WWII.
  • 1948 Francis Rogallo Flexi-wing kite. Forerunner
    of hang glider and delta kite

15
1800s Kite With Camera
16
Town In France Late 1800s
17
1906 San Francisco Earthquake
18
Modern Kite Photo
19
WW II TargetLt. Commander Paul Garber
20
Ragallo Wing Design
21
Modern Kites
  • 1964 Domina Jalbert designs parafoil. No sticks
    or supports- Used as parachutes and personal
    powered aircraft
  • 1972 Peter Powell multi-line stunt kites.
  • 1978 Kuzuhiko Asaba flew 4128 kites on a single
    line
  • 1989 Kite flying becomes a sport, National Stunt
    Kite Competition established

22
Jalbert Parafoil
23
Multi-line Stunt Kite Peter Powell 1970s
24
What is a kite?
  • Heavier than air craft that..
  • Depends on air moving across lifting surfaces
  • Lifting surfaces have aerodynamic shape and
    generate force to overcome downward pull of
    gravity
  • Tethered object using one or more lines
  • Has a bridle to hold kite at an efficient angle
    to the wind

25
Types of Kites
  • Flat
  • Bowed
  • Box
  • Compound Box
  • Delta
  • Parafoil
  • Sled

26
Flat
  • planar, need tails

27
Bowed Kite
  • dihedral angle, tail not needed

28
Box Kite (Cellular)
  • cellular, many surfaces

29
Compound Box
  • cellular, with wings

30
Delta
  • keel,triangular, billow in sail

31
Parafoil
  • no spars, air keeps them open

32
Sled
  • held open by wind, has spars

33
Parts of A Typical Kite
  • Sail- the paper, plastic, nylon,or cloth, cover
  • Spars- any sticks or supports
  • Spine- a spar that runs vertically (top to
    bottom) and is usually on the centerline
  • Bridle- line that connects the kite to the flying
    line and controls angle of attack in flight (keel
    on delta kite)
  • Bridle Point-point where flying line attaches to
    the kite
  • Angle of attack- angle of the kite as it meets
    the wind
  • Tail- strips of material, that increase drag for
    decoration or to improve flight

34
Flight Safety Rules
  • Choose a large clear area for flying.
  • Fly in good weather and never fly when raining or
    stormy, ground should be dry
  • Use string, do not use wire or monofilament line
  • Avoid power lines, airfields, antennae
  • Wear gloves for strong pulling kites
  • Watch out for spectators
  • Carefully consider safety when retrieving kites
    from trees

35
The End
  • Visit your library to learn more
  • Tons of Websites Google Search!
  • Intothewind.com a great place to buy kites and
    kite supplies
  • American Kite Fliers Association
  • www.aka.kite.org
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