Factors Associated to the Occurrence of the First Intercourse in Adolescents

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Factors Associated to the Occurrence of the First
Intercourse in Adolescents
Authors
Prof. Dr. Jorge Pelaéz Mendoza Dr. Orlando
Rodríguez Pons Dr. Raúl Bermúdez Sánchez
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Factors Associated to the Ocurrence of the First
Intercourse in Adolescents

• Todays adolescent are affected by a
  disproportionately high prevalence of unplanned
  pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases,
  including AIDS, and other serious problems that
  affect their reproductive health.
• A risky sexual behaviour is considered
  responsible of all of this problems

JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Factors Associated to the Ocurrence of the First
Intercourse in Adolescents
Risky Sexual Behaviour

• Precocious first intercourse.
• Poor recognition of the risks involved in
  relationships held in inappropriate circumstances
  and places.
• Frequent changes of couples.
• Ignorance about sexuality.
• Birth control is not considered as a couples
  problem.
• Lack of essential knowledge and use of
  contraceptive methods.
• Insufficient knowledge about STD and their
  prevention.

JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Factors Associated to the Occurrence of the First
Intercourse in Adolescents
Sexual Initiation
Defined as the first coitus seen as an intimate
experience of communication of desires,
affections and instincts between two human
beings, which could take part voluntarily or
involuntarily.
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Factors Associated to the Ocurrence of the First
Intercourse in Adolescents
Precocious Sexual Initiation
It is considered as a sexual relationship that
begins before the adolescents arrival to the
consolidation stage, between ages 17 and 19
(Bloss Erickson 1989)
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Factors Associated to the Ocurrence of the First
Intercourse in Adolescents
Adolescent Psychosexual Development
Adapted from Bloss and Erickson
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Factors Associated to the Ocurrence of the First
Intercourse in Adolescents
Adolescent Psychosexual Development
Adapted from Bloss and Erickson
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Factors Associated to the Ocurrence of the First
Intercourse in Adolescents
Commitment in a couple does not end in the mutual
preoccupation about sexual pleasure, but extends
up to include the reciproque responsability on
birth control and the results of such union, in
other words, pregnancy.
Master and Jhonson, 1989
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Factors Associated to the Ocurrence of the First
Intercourse in Adolescents
Precocious sexual initiation, consequences

• Frustrating experiences favouring sexual
  dysfunction.
• Continuous changes of couple resulting in a risky
  sexual behaviour.
• Increased risk of STD, genital infections and
  their sequels(CIN-PID).
• Higher risk of abortion.
• Unplanned pregnancies and their consequences.
• Higher risk to suffer from PID and its medium
  long term consequences (infertility/ectopic
  pregnancy).
• Increased reproductive risk.

JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Factors Associated to the Ocurrence of the First
Intercourse in Adolescents
Objectives of the study
1.To know the frequency of adolescents attending
secondary school that have initiated
intercourse. 2.To determine the causes that lead
them to have a precocious intercourse. 3.To study
the adolescents environment to establish risk
and protective factors for precocious
intercourse. 4.To know the characteristics and
motivation for the first intercourse.
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Factors Associated to the Ocurrence of the First
Intercourse in Adolescents
Method

• Eight junior high, technical and high school
  institutions from Havana City were randomly
  selected.
• A self responded and anonymous questionnaire was
  applied to the totality of students who went to
  classes on the day established by the study.
• Four multidisciplinary teams were created who
  were responsible for the application of the
  questionnaire.

JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Factors Associated to the Ocurrence of the First
Intercourse in Adolescents
Method

• A total of 2713 students filled the
  questionnaire.
• Seventy three questionnaires were excluded due to
  incompleteness or mistakes, totalling 2640
  students (1425 males, 1215 females)
• Informed consent was obtained from each
  individual and Institution.

JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Factors Associated to the Ocurrence of the First
Intercourse in Adolescents
Adolescents included in the survey by gender
54
46
1215
1425
Sources Adolescent Sexuality Survey Havana 1998
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Factors Associated to the Ocurrence of the First
Intercourse in Adolescents
Distribution by age
Ages
Sources Adolescent Sexuality Survey Havana 1998
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Factors Associated to the Ocurrence of the First
Intercourse in Adolescents
Sexual initiation by Gender
Plt0,005
Sources Adolescent Sexuality Survey Havana 1998
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Factors Associated to the Ocurrence of the First
Intercourse in Adolescents
Sexual initiation by age and gender
Ages
Plt0,005
Sources Adolescent Sexuality Survey Havana 1998
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Factors Associated to the Ocurrence of the First
Intercourse in Adolescents
First Intercourse Characteristics of the partner.
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
Sources Adolescent Sexuality Survey Havana 1998
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Factors Associated to the Ocurrence of the First
Intercourse in Adolescents
First Intercourse Causes or motivation.
Plt0,005
Sources Adolescent Sexuality Survey Havana 1998
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Factors Associated to the Ocurrence of the First
Intercourse in Adolescents
Sexual Initiation
Characteristics of Peers Groups
Plt0,005
Peers Group
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
Sources Adolescent Sexuality Survey Havana 1998
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Sexual Practices in Adolescents
Sexual Initiation
Antecedents of abortion in Peers Groups
Peers Group
Plt0,005
Sources Adolescent Sexuality Survey Havana 1998
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Sexual Practices in Adolescents
Sexual Initiation
Characteristics of the family.
Relationships
Plt0,005
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
Sources Adolescent Sexuality Survey Havana 1998
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Sexual Practices in Adolescents
Sexual Initiation
Adolescent Convivence.
Convivence
Plt0,005
Sources Adolescent Sexuality Survey Havana 1998
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Sexual Practices in Adolescents
Sexual Initiation
First Intercourse Judgement by Gender
Plt0,005
Sources Adolescent Sexuality Survey Havana 1998
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Sexual Practices in Adolescents
Sexual Initiation
First Intercourse Use of contraceptive methods
Sources Adolescent Sexuality Survey Havana 1998
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Sexual Practices in Adolescents
Sexual Initiation
First Intercourse Reasons given for not use
contraceptive
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
Sources Adolescent Sexuality Survey Havana 1998
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Sexual Practices in Adolescents
Sexual Initiation
First Intercourse Where it happened
Sources Adolescent Sexuality Survey Havana 1998
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Sexual Practices in Adolescents
Sexual Initiation
Sexuality information level
Information level
Plt0,005
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
Sources Adolescent Sexuality Survey Havana 1998
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Sexual Practices in Adolescents
Sexual Initiation
Life Project
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
Sources Adolescent Sexuality Survey Havana 1998
29
Sexual Practices in Adolescents
Sexual Initiation
Life Project
Life Project
Plt0,005
JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
Sources Adolescent Sexuality Survey Havana 1998
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Sexual Practices in Adolescents
Sexual Initiation
Conclusions

• There is a high percentage of adolescent that
  initiate precociously their sexual
  relationships, more frequently among males.
• The majority of adolescents start their first
  intercourse voluntarily, although some of them
  under some degree of pressure from their
  counterparts and groups.
• Belong to a group in which the majority have
  begun sexual relationship, as well as to belong
  to a dysfunctional family behaved as risk factor
  of precocious sexual initiation.

JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Sexual Practices in Adolescents
Sexual Initiation
Conclusions

• A vast majority of adolescents had their first
  intercourse in inappropriate places and
  circumstances, did not use contraceptive methods.
• A great percentage of female referred a
  non-pleasant experience for their first
  intercourse.
• The convivence with both parents, as well as a
  clear definition of their life project behaved as
  a protective factors of the precocious sexual
  initiation

JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999
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Sexual Practices in Adolescents
Sexual Initiation
Recommendations

• An intense work should be developed aimed to the
  elimination, modification or control of
  reproductive risk factors in adolescents, with
  special attention to the precocious sexual
  initiation.
• The following aspects should be considered
• Gender perspectives
• Education in sexual health
• Programs for the development of youth
• Psicologic and social pressures
• Media participation

JPM/SIJ.SCOG/1999