Section 8.2 Types of Chemical Reactions

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Section 8.2 Types of Chemical Reactions

• Combination Reactions
• Decomposition Reactions
• Single-Replacement Reactions
• Double-Replacement Reactions
• Combustion Reactions
• (complete and incomplete)
• Please turn to page 3 in your Note Pack, and have
  your Periodic Table available as a resource.

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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• What is a combination reaction? (sometimes called
  a synthesis reaction or composition reaction)
• Two or more substances combine to form a single
  substance.

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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• B. Write a general equation for a combination
  reaction
• A B ? AB
• There are some ways we can remember these
  reactions and how to predict their products.

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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• 4 Good things to know about combination
  reactions

4 Helpful Hints
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• 4 Good things to know about combination
  reactions
• When a metal combines with a nonmetal, use their
  _____________ ___________ to figure out the
  product.
• (forms an ionic compound called a ___________)

Helpful Hint 1
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• 4 Good things to know about combination
  reactions
• When a metal combines with a nonmetal, use their
  oxidation numbers to figure out the product.
• (forms an ionic compound called a ___________)

Helpful Hint 1
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• 4 Good things to know about combination
  reactions
• When a metal combines with a nonmetal, use their
  oxidation numbers to figure out the product.
• (forms an ionic compound called a formula unit)
• Ox. s are the possible charges an element CAN
  potentially get (O -2 Al 3 Cu 2 or 3)

Helpful Hint 1
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• 4 Good things to know about combination
  reactions (Fill in examples)
• When a metal combines with a nonmetal, use their
  oxidation numbers to figure out the product.
• (forms an ionic compound called a formula unit)
• Example Potassium metal reacts with Chlorine gas

Helpful Hint 1
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• 4 Good things to know about combination
  reactions (Fill in examples)
• When a metal combines with a nonmetal, use their
  oxidation numbers to figure out the product.
• (forms an ionic compound called a formula unit)
• Example Potassium metal reacts with Chlorine gas
• K (s) Cl2 (g) ?

Helpful Hint 1
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• 4 Good things to know about combination
  reactions (Fill in examples)
• When a metal combines with a nonmetal, use their
  oxidation numbers to figure out the product.
• (forms an ionic compound called a formula unit)
• Example Potassium metal reacts with Chlorine gas
• K (s) Cl2 (g) ? K Cl-

Helpful Hint 1
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• 4 Good things to know about combination
  reactions (Fill in examples)
• When a metal combines with a nonmetal, use their
  oxidation numbers to figure out the product.
• (forms an ionic compound called a formula unit)
• Example Potassium metal reacts with Chlorine gas
• K (s) Cl2 (g) ? KCl
• but its not balanced yet.

Helpful Hint 1
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• 4 Good things to know about combination
  reactions (Fill in examples)
• When a metal combines with a nonmetal, use their
  oxidation numbers to figure out the product.
• (forms an ionic compound called a formula unit)
• Example Potassium metal reacts with Chlorine gas
• 2K (s) Cl2 (g) ? 2KCl (s)

Helpful Hint 1
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• 4 Good things to know about combination
  reactions
• When a metal combines with a nonmetal, use their
  oxidation numbers to figure out the product.
• Next Example Nickel (II) reacts with Oxygen gas
• Ni O2

Helpful Hint 1
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• 4 Good things to know about combination
  reactions
• When a metal combines with a nonmetal, use their
  oxidation numbers to figure out the product.
• Next Example Nickel (II) reacts with Oxygen gas
• Ni O2 ? Ni2 O-2

Helpful Hint 1
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• 4 Good things to know about combination
  reactions
• When a metal combines with a nonmetal, use their
  oxidation numbers to figure out the product.
• Next Example Nickel (II) reacts with Oxygen gas
• 2Ni O2 ? Ni2 O-2 ?2NiO

Helpful Hint 1
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Helpful Hint 2

• When two nonmetals combine, you cannot figure out
  the product based on oxidation numbers
• There could be a number of possible
• combinations for these molecules.
• (forms a molecule and therefore we must rely
  on observation to predict product)

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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Helpful Hint 2

• When two nonmetals combine, you cannot figure out
  the product based on oxidation numbers
• There could be a number of possible
• combinations for these molecules.
• (forms a molecule and therefore we must rely
  on observation to predict product)
• Example Chlorine gas reacts with bromine gas to
  produce trichlorine pentabromide solid.

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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• When two nonmetals combine, you cannot figure out
  the product based on oxidation numbers
• There could be a number of possible
• combinations for these molecules.
• (forms a molecule and therefore we must rely
  on observation to predict product)
• Example Chlorine gas reacts with bromine gas to
  produce trichlorine pentabromide solid.
• Cl2 Br2 ?

Helpful Hint 2
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• When two nonmetals combine, you cannot figure out
  the product based on oxidation numbers
• There could be a number of possible
• combinations for these molecules.
• (forms a molecule and therefore we must rely
  on observation to predict product)
• Example Chlorine gas reacts with bromine gas to
  produce trichlorine pentabromide solid.
• Cl2 Br2 ? Cl3Br5 (not balanced, yet)

Helpful Hint 2
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• When two nonmetals combine, you cannot figure out
  the product based on oxidation numbers
• There could be a number of possible
• combinations for these molecules.
• (forms a molecule and therefore we must rely
  on observation to predict product)
• Example Chlorine gas reacts with bromine gas to
  produce trichlorine pentabromide solid.
• 3 Cl2 5 Br2 ? 2 Cl3Br5 (now its balanced)

Helpful Hint 2
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Helpful Hint 3

• When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it will
  produce an Acid.

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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Helpful Hint 3

• When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it will
  produce an Acid.
• Examples might include
• N2O5 P2O5 SO3

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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Helpful Hint 3

• When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it will
  produce an Acid.
• ?Start by writing the H first (thats what makes
  it an acid), and end with the O.

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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Helpful Hint 3

• When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it will
  produce an Acid.
• (start with the H and end with the O)
• Example Sulfur dioxide gas reacts with water

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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Helpful Hint 3

• When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it will
  produce an Acid.
• (start with the H and end with the O)
• Example Sulfur dioxide gas reacts with water
• SO2 (g) H2O (l)

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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Helpful Hint 3

• When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it will
  produce an Acid.
• (start with the H and end with the O)
• Example Sulfur dioxide gas reacts with water
• SO2 (g) H2O (l) ? H2SO3 (aq) , sulfurous acid

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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Helpful Hint 3

• When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it will
  produce an Acid.
• (start with the H and end with the O)
• Next Example Gaseous dinitrogen pentoxide gas
  reacts with water

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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Helpful Hint 3

• When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it will
  produce an Acid.
• (start with the H and end with the O)
• Next Example Gaseous dinitrogen pentoxide gas
  reacts with water
• N2O5 (g) H2O (l) ? ???

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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Helpful Hint 3

• When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it will
  produce an Acid.
• (start with the H and end with the O)
• Next Example Gaseous dinitrogen pentoxide gas
  reacts with water
• N2O5 (g) H2O (l) ? H2N2O6 2HNO3
• Empirical formula

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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Helpful Hint 4

• When a metal oxide reacts with water, it will
  produce a Base. ?
• Remember ? H2O H OH-
• Examples of metal oxides include
• Copper (II) oxide CuO
• Aluminum oxide Al2O3
• Sodium oxide Na2O

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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Helpful Hint 4

• When a metal oxide reacts with water, it will
  produce a Base.
• (start with the metal and end with hydroxide,
  OH-)

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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Helpful Hint 4

• When a metal oxide reacts with water, it will
  produce a Base.
• (start with the metal and end with hydroxide,
  OH-)
• Example Sodium oxide reacts with water.

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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Helpful Hint 4

• When a metal oxide reacts with water, it will
  produce a Base.
• (start with the metal and end with hydroxide,
  OH-)
• Example Sodium oxide reacts with water.
• Na2O (s) H2O (l) ????

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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Helpful Hint 4

• When a metal oxide reacts with water, it will
  produce a Base.
• (start with the metal and end with hydroxide,
  OH-)
• Example Sodium oxide reacts with water.
• Na2O (s) H2O (l) ? 2NaOH (aq)

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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• Now its your turn
• With a neighbor, work through the following.
• Practice Examples Write the balanced equations
  for the following combinations.

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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• Practice Examples Write the balanced equations
  for the following combinations
• Beryllium metal reacts with oxygen gas

Helpful Hint 1
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Helpful Hint 1

• Practice Examples Write the balanced equations
  for the following combinations
• Beryllium metal reacts with oxygen gas
• Be O2 ? Be2 O-2 ? 2BeO
• Balanced, it looks like this
• 2Be O2 ? 2BeO

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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• Practice Examples Write the balanced equations
  for the following combinations
• 2 Gaseous dinitrogen pentoxide reacts with water

Helpful Hint 3
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• Practice Examples Write the balanced equations
  for the following combinations
• 2 Gaseous dinitrogen pentoxide reacts with water
• N2O5 H2O ? H2N2O6 2HNO3
• Empirical formula

Helpful Hint 3
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• Practice Examples Write the balanced equations
  for the following combinations
• 3 Nitrogen gas reacts with lumps of sulfur to
  produce trinitrogen monosulfide.

Helpful Hint 2
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• Practice Examples Write the balanced equations
  for the following combinations
• 3 Nitrogen gas reacts with lumps of sulfur to
  produce trinitrogen monosulfide.
• 3N2 (g) 2S (s) ? 2N3S

Helpful Hint 2
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• Practice Examples Write the balanced equations
  for the following combinations
• 4 Chunks of Calcium oxide is dropped into water

Helpful Hint 4
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• Practice Examples Write the balanced equations
  for the following combinations
• 4 Chunks of Calcium oxide is dropped into water
• CaO H2O ? Ca(OH)2

Helpful Hint 4
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• Practice Examples Write the balanced equations
  for the following combinations
• 5 Aluminum metal rusts

Helpful Hint 1
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• Practice Examples Write the balanced equations
  for the following combinations
• 5 Aluminum metal rusts
• Al O2 ? Al3 O-2 ? Al2O3
• Balanced, it looks like this,
• 4Al 3O2 ? 2Al2O3

Helpful Hint 1
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8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS

• Please use your notes, and really focus on the
  Helpful Hints as you predict the products of the
  Combination Reactions.

Practice!