CITATION (End-Text Reference)

1
CITATION(End-Text Reference)

• RPW 305
• Academic English
• Survival Skills II
• Unit I (pp. 59-65)

CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
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2
END TEXT REFERENCE

• WHAT IS END-TEXT REFERENCE?
• The second component of giving references is
  end-text reference, which provides a more
  detailed account of the sources that have been
  used in the essay.

CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
UNIT
3
What is the aim of giving end-text reference?
To provide the reader with all the necessary
information in case they want to make use of the
same source.
CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
UNIT
4
CAUTION

• Make sure that any source cited in the text with
  paranthetical reference must also appear in the
  end-text reference.

5
Where do we place end-text reference in the essay?

• As you can understand from the name, end-text
  reference is listed under the title References
  at the end of your essay.

CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
UNIT
6
BRIEF GUIDELINES for GIVING END-TEXT REFERENCE

• The list of works should be arranged
  alphabetically by the authors surnames.

CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
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7
BRIEF GUIDELINES for GIVING END-TEXT REFERENCE

• All the sources cited in the text should also
  appear on the reference list.
• The title of the reference list should be
  References and should be centered on the page.
• The reference list should begin on a new page.

CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
UNIT
8
BOOK WITH ONE WRITER
Initials of the authors first name
Year of Publication

• Ayling, S. E. (1966). Portraits of power. New
  York Barnes Nobles, Inc.

Authors surname
Name of the book
Publisher of the book
City of publication
CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
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9
BRIEF GUIDELINES for GIVING END-TEXT REFERENCE

• The entries should be double-spaced. The first
  line should be flushed with the left margin, and
  all subsequent lines should be indented five
  spaces from the left margin.
• EXAMPLE
• Cox, K., Hill, D. (2004). EAP now! English
  for Academic
• Purposes Teachers Book. New South Wales,
  NSW Pearson and Longman.

Indented
CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
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10
BOOK WITH ONE WRITER

• As end-text reference
• Ayling, S. E. (1966). Portraits of Power. New
  York Barnes Nobles, Inc.
• HOW DO YOU CITE THIS BOOK AS IN-TEXT REFERENCE?
• As in-text reference
• (Ayling, 1966, p.56)

CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
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11
BOOK WITH TWO WRITERS

• As end-text reference
• Oshima, A., Hogue, A. (1983). Writing academic
  english. Massachutes Addison-Wesley Publishing
  Company.
• HOW DO YOU CITE THIS BOOK AS IN-TEXT REFERENCE?
• As in-text reference
• (Oshima Hogue, 1983, p. 85)

CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
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12
BOOK WITH THREE or MORE WRITERS

• List by last names and initials commas separate
  author names, while the last author name is
  preceded again by ampersand.
• Hughes, R. L., Ginnett, R.C., Curphy, G. J.
  (2006). Leadership Enhancing the lessons of
  experience (5th ed.). Singapore Mc-Graw-Hill.

CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
UNIT
13
How do you cite this book in the text?

• Hughes, R. L., Ginnett, R.C., Curphy, G. J.
  (2006). Leadership Enhancing the lessons of
  experience (5th ed.). Singapore Mc-Graw-Hill.
• The first time it is mentioned?
• (Hughes, Ginnett, Curphy, 2006, p. 34)
• From the second time onwards?
• (Hughes et al., 2006, p.34)

CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
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14
Book chapter in edited book

• Helber, L. E., (1995). Redeveloping mature
  resorts for new markets. In M. V. Conlin T.
  Baum (Eds.), Island tourism Management
  principles and practice (pp. 105-113).
  Chichester, England John Wiley.
• The author and chapter title come first,
  followed by the editors and book title. The page
  numbers of the chapter are also required.

CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
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15
BOOK WITH EDITOR(S)

• Samovar, L. A., Porter, R. E. (Eds.). (1997).
  Intercultural communication A reader (8th ed.).
  Belmont, CA Wadsworth.

CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
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WHAT DO THESE COLORS SHOW?

• Helber, L. E., (1995). Redeveloping mature
  resorts for new markets. In M. V. Conlin T.
  Baum (Eds.), Island tourism Management
  principles and practice (pp. 105-113).
  Chichester, England John Wiley.

Authors name
Year of publication
?
Editors names
?
Chapter title
?
?
Page numbers
Book name
?
?
Place of publication
?
?
Publisher
CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
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17
CHAPTER or ARTICLE in a BOOK
Surname of the writer
Books year of publication
Name of the article
Name of the books editors
King, M. L. (2007). Three ways of meeting
oppression. In S Bachmann, M. Barth
(Eds.),Between worlds A reader, rhetoric and
handbook (5th ed.). (pp. 237-240). New York
Pearson Longman.
Name of the book
How many times the book has been edited
page numbers of the article
As in-text reference (King, 2007, pp. 237 238)
CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
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ARTICLE in a JOURNAL
Name of writers
Journals year of publication
Name of the article
Name of the journal
Lewis, C., Robinson W. (2005). The
authoritarian personality. The Journal of
Psychology, 40 (4), 470 501.
Issue number of the journal
page numbers of the article
Volume number of the journal
As in-text reference (Lewis Robinson, 2005, p.
471)
CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
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19
INTERNET ARTICLE
Date of publication / release on the Web
Authors surname
Name of the article
Mango, A. (2000, September 24). Atatürk in his
lifetime and today. Retrieved September 1, 2008,
from http//www.ataturksociety.org/asa/voa/mango.h
tml
Date when the article was accessed
Web address of the site where the article was
found
As in-text reference (Mango, 2000, para. 3)
CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
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IMPORTANT REMINDER

• While writing end-text references, you need to be
  very careful with the punctuation, capitalization
  and italicization.

CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
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21

• You are not expected to memorize the conventions
  of end-text referencing when you need to prepare
  a reference list, refer to
• The explanations above for the basics
• Appendix B-5
• The Publication Manual of the APA
• www.apa.org

DONT WORRY!
CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
UNIT
22
TASK 4 (p. 62)

• Go back to pages 60-62 and identify which
  components are
• CAPITALIZED
• italicized

CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
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Items that need to be CAPITALIZED

• First letter of the first word in book titles and
  subtitles (other words are not capitalized)
• First letters of the words in journal titles
• First letter of the first word in the article
  title in a journal (other words are not
  capitalized)

CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
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24
Items that need to be italicized

• Names of the books
• Names of the journals
• Volume number of journals

CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
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25
TASK 5 (p. 63)

• 1. a) authors surname
• b) place of publication
• 2. title of the book
• 3. a) authors initial
• b) name of the publishing company

CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
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TASK 6 (p. 63)

• a 6) e
• i 7) f
• c 8) g
• d 9) b
• j 10) h

CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
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STUDY PACK (pp. 24-25)

• Do the exercises
• In-text and End-text referencing practice sheet

CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH
UNIT