Biology 11/12/14 Mrs. Turgeon

1
Biology 11/12/14
Mrs. Turgeon

• Regret for the things we did can be tempered by
  time it is regret for the things we did not do
  that is inconsolable Sydney J. Harris
• SWBAT
• 1. Describe 4 analogies for cell organelles
• DO NOW
• 1. What is an analogy?

2
CELL ORGANELLES FEATURES

• Chapter 7, Section 3

3
PLASMA MEMBRANE (p.175)

• Membrane Lipids
• Membrane Proteins
• Cholesterol (lipid) in animals prevent membrane
  freezing in low temps

4

• Phospholipid Bilayer designed so that the fatty
  acid tails (the part that doesnt like water) are
  in the middle and the phosphate group heads (the
  part that likes water) face the inside outside
  of the cell

5

• Membrane Proteins
• 1. Integral Proteins proteins embedded in
  membrane
• Surface markers
• Receptors for chemical signals
• Transport Proteins move substances waste
  materials through the plasma membrane
• 2. Peripheral Proteins lie on one side of
  membrane, not embedded

6
(No Transcript)
7

• Fluid Mosaic Model
• Phospholipid Bilayer E. behaves more as a fluid
  rather than a solid
• Proteins Lipids can move laterally
• Constantly changing mosaic pattern
• Membrane is selectively permeable, E. letting
  only certain materials in out
• http//www.susanahalpine.com/anim/Life/memb.htm

8
NUCLEUS CELL CONTROL (P.180)

• Nucleus houses and protects cells genetic
  info/blueprints, DNA
• Chromatin period of non-division DNA in a
  threadlike form
• Chromosomes during division DNA condenses

9

• Nuclear Envelope 2 lipid bilayer membranes
  surround nucleus
• covered with nuclear pores (allows RNA in and
  out)
• Nucleolus concentrated DNA area within
  nucleus, where ribosomes are made
• Ribosomes site of protein production
• Cytoplasm fluid cytosol and organelles

10
(No Transcript)
11
Assembly, Transport , Storage (p.181)

• Organelles are suspended within the cells cytosol

12
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

• Site of cellular chemical reactions
• Series of folded membranes, folding allows it to
  better fit in a small space
• 2 types, rough smooth

13

• 1. Rough ER
• Covered with Ribosomes
• Produces proteins phospholipids (makes
  digestive enzymes)
• 2. Smooth ER
• Lacks ribosomes
• Builds lipids (cholesterol, estrogen,
  testosterone)

14
(No Transcript)
15
Biology 11/7/13
Mrs. Turgeon

• The three hardest tasks in the world are
  neither physical feats nor intellectual
  achievements, but moral acts to return love for
  hate, to include the excluded, and to say, I was
  wrong. Sydney J. Harris
• DO NOW
• 1. Turn in your homework (Osmosis worksheet)
• 2. In your notes Where in the cell is the DNA?
  What do we call the DNA when it is ready to
  divide itself?
• AGENDA
• Students will be able to describe the major
  organelles of a cell by taking notes
• ANNOUNCEMENT
• If you are interested in joining science
  olympiad, come to the meeting after school today
  in room 309 (I am the assistant coach) !

16
GOLGI APPARATUS

• System of flattened, membrane sacs
• Modifies proteins
• Packages proteins in vesicles to be sent to other
  locations in the cell
• The UPS packaging center

17
Turn to Page 183

• Look at figure 7.10
• In your notes
• What type of microscope was used to create this
  image?
• What breakfast food does the Golgi apparatus look
  like?

18
(No Transcript)
19
VACUOLES

• Vacuole compartments for storage (food,
  enzymes, etc.)
• Vacuoles are mainly found in plant cells

20
Still on page 183

• Look at figure 7.11
• In your notes
• 1. What type of cell do we typically see
  vacuoles?
• 2. Which picture ( A or B ) has larger vacuoles?

21
LYSOSOMES

• Lysosome organelles containing digestive
  enzymes
• Digest worn out organelles, food, viruses
  bacteria

22
Still on page 183 ?

• Read about Lysosomes
• In your notes
• What organelle do lysosomes fuse to?
• What does fuse mean?
• Why are lysosomes called the garbage collector?

23

• 11/14/14 BIOLOGY
  MRS.TURGEON
• Think of all the beauty still around you and be
  happy.
• 
  -Anne Frank
• OBJECTIVES SWBAT
• Describe how energy is made in the cell
• DO NOW
• 1. Name an analogy for a lysosome

24
11/14/14 Biology
MRS.TURGEON Reminders 1. Due Monday
Organelle notecards! 2. Quiz next Friday on
organelles
25
Energy Transformers (p.184)

• These organelles are suspended in the cytosol

26
Read the paragraph titled Energy Transformers
(p.184)

• In your guided notes, answer What two organelles
  provide energy for the cell?

27
CHLOROPLASTS

• Found in plants
• A type of plastid
• Chlorophyll green pigment in chloroplasts,
  traps light energy to be converted into chemical
  energy

28
PAGE 184

• Look at figure 7.12
• In your notes
• 1.What is embedded in the inner series of
  thylakoid membranes?
• 2. What does embedded mean?

29
MITOCHONDRIA

• Organelles that transfer energy from organic
  molecules to ATP
• ATP adenosine triphosphate, stores energy in
  structure

30
Turn to page 185

• Look at Figure 7.13 and answer the following
  questions
• Where is the mitochondria? In the nucleus or the
  cytoplasm?
• How many membranes are there?

31

• Highly active cells (muscle cells) have more
  mitochondria
• Has 2 membranes
• Outer Membrane separates mitochondria from
  cytosol
• Inner Membrane shaped into folds to fit in a
  small space, where chemical reactions to produce
  energy occur

32
(No Transcript)
33
Pg. 184 and 185

• Compare and contrast mitochondria and
  chloroplasts. Why are they referred to as energy
  transformers?
• (Do all cells contain mitochondria? Do all cells
  have chloroplasts?)

34
Organelles for Support Locomotion(p.185)
35
CYTOSKELETON

• Network of tubes filaments crisscrossing
  cytosol
• Gives shape to cell
• Acts as highway system to move materials
  throughout the cell
• Microtubules thin, hollow cylinders made of
  protein
• Microfilaments smaller, solid protein fibers

36
Pg. 185

• Find the Word Origin box.
• What does it say about the term cytoskeleton ?
• What analogy did you give the cytoskeleton?

37
(No Transcript)
38

• Cilia Flagella hairlike structures, extend
  from cell body, movement
• Centrioles 2 short cylinders of microtubules,
  found in animal cells, organize microtubules
  during cell division.

39
Page 187

• Read about Cilia and Flagella.
• 1. In your notes Describe their respective
  motions. What analogy is used to describe how
  cilia move?

40
Page 186

• Look at figure 7.14
• Does the description state that plant animal
  cells are similar or different?
• Describe the differences between animal plant
  cells