Energy in Ecosystems

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Energy in Ecosystems
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Food Chains

• Food Chain
• What do food chains show?
• What do the arrows represent?

• A series of events in which one organism eats
  another and obtains energy.
• Food chains show the transfer of energy in an
  ecosystem
• The arrows represent the transfer of energy.

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All Food Chains and Webs start with the sun. The
sun is the source of all the energy on the earth.
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• What do food chains start with?
  
• What type of organism is after the sun?
• Describe photosynthesis.
  

• Almost all Food Chains start with the sun
• After the sun is an organism that can do
  photosynthesis. Like plants and phytoplankton.
• Sunlight Carbon Dioxide Water Energy
• This process is called Photosynthesis

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• Sample food chains

• Sun ?milkweed ? aphid ?ladybug ?bird ? mushroom
• Sun ? grass ? zebra ? lion ? vulture
• Sun ? seeds ? grasshopper? mouse ? hawk
• THE ARROWS SHOW THE DIRECTION THAT THE ENERGY
  MOVES

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• Producers

• An organism that can make its own food . They use
  carbon dioxide, water and sunlight to make
  energy, through a process called photosynthesis.
• Producers are the source of all food in an
  ecosystem. Without producers there is no food
  chain.

Flowers
Tree
Phytoplankton
Producer
Sun
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Plants need light for photosynthesis
We call plants producers because they produce
energy from the sun directly.
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• Decomposers

• Organisms that break down wastes and dead
  organisms and return the raw materials to the
  environment.
• At the end of the food chain
• Two major groups of decomposers are
• Bacteria
• Fungi
• Decomposer clips 1, 2

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• Consumers

• An organism that obtains energy by feeding on
  other organisms.
• Ex Deer, Humans, Snakes, Bat, Cat, Hippopotamus,
  Cricket, Rabbit

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• Herbivores

• Herb is latin for plant
• Herbivores are consumers that eat only producers.
  (plant eaters)
• Ex Butterflies, deer, elephants, giraffes,
  mice.

Sun Producer Primary
Consumer
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• Omnivores

• Omni is latin for all or everything.
• Consumers that eat BOTH consumers and producers.
  (both meat eaters and plant eaters)
• Ex. Humans, Bearded Dragons, Turtles, Bears.

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• Carnivores
• Carn is Latin for flesh or meat.

• Consumers that eat ONLY other consumers.
• ( Meat -Eaters)
• Ex T-rex, Tigers, Lions, Ladybugs, Spiders.

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Insectivores(type of carnivore)

• Animal that eats insects
• Ex bats, shrews, aardvarks, anteaters, and
  others
• Example clips aardvark, shrew, anteater

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A pig eats fruit, eggs, corn, and earthworms.
Omnivore
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A frog eats insects, earthworms, and spiders.
Carnivore Insectavore
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eats grass, leaves, twigs, and shrub
Herbivore
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A raccoon eats almost anything including berries,
acorns, baby mice, baby birds eggs, frogs,
fish, and even some snakes.
Omnivore
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Spiders eat insects.
Carnivore (Insectivore)
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A giraffe lives in Africa and eats leaves from
trees. A giraffe may eat 75 pounds of food each
day.
Herbivore
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A wolf eats deer, dogs, fish, mice, moose, birds,
and other herbivores.
Carnivore
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Rabbits eat grasses, weeds, leaves, shoots,
twigs, and bark.
Herbivore
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Lions eat other animals such as gazelles,
antelopes, and zebras.
Carnivore
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Sheep eat grass and hay.
Herbivore
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Eagles eat fish, mammals, birds, and snakes.
They love fish!
Carnivore
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eats grass and hay
Herbivore
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eats corn, twigs, shoots, acorns, fruit, berries,
green plants
Herbivore
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A grizzly bear usually eat things such as
grasses, roots, berries, insects, fish, and small
and large mammals.
Omnivore
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Omnivore
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eat 150 pounds of plants each day
Herbivore
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• Scavenger

• Scavengers are animals that eat dead animals
• Their role in the ecosystem is to contribute to
  the decomposition of dead animal remains.
• Scavengers open up animal bodies so they can eat
  them.
• Example Clip Vultures

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Food Chain

• Whats Wrong ???

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Bacteria Decomposer
Plant Producer
Butterfly Primary Consumer Herbivore
Bird Secondary Consumer Omnivore
Bacteria Decomposer
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Sun Decomposer
Cactus 1st Consumer Herbivore
Sun
Snake Secondary Consumer Carnivore
Snake 3rd Consumer Carnivore
Bird 2rd Consumer Carnivore
Bird Primary Consumer Herbivore
Cactus Producer
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Sun
Leaves Producer
Frog Secondary Consumer Carnivore
Mushroom Decomposer
Mushroom Producer
Caterpillar Primary Consumer Herbivore
Platypus Tertiary Consumer Carnivore
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,
,
,
,
Sun
Lion Consumer Carnivore
Dung Beetle Decomposer
Grass Producer
Dung Beetle Primary Consumer Herbivore
Zebra Consumer Herbivore
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Secondary
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________________________
? ? ?
Mushroom Producer
Bee Herbivore
Mustard Seed Producer
Sun
Mustard Plant Producer
Mushroom Decomposer
Primary Consumer
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/ / /
? ? ?
Apple Tree Producer
Crow Carnivore
Apple Producer
Worm Herbivore
Secondary Consumer
Primary Consumer
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? ? ? ?
? ? ? ?
Fish Tertiary Consumer Omnivore
Zooplankton Primary Consumer Herbivore
Sun
Phytoplankton Secondary Consumer Carnivore
Pelican 4th Consumer Carnivore
Fish Secondary Consumer Omnivore
Pelican Tertiary Consumer Carnivore
Phytoplankton Producer
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? ? ? ?
Rabbit Primary Consumer Herbivore
Fox Primary Consumer Carnivore
Sun
Rabbit Secondary Consumer Herbivore
Fox Secondary Consumer Carnivore
Soil Producer
Plant Producer
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? ? ? ? ?
Sun
Bacteria Producer
Fish Primary Consumer Herbivore
Great White Shark Tertiary Consumer Carnivore
Sea lion Secondary Consumer Carnivore
Phytoplankton Producer
Phytoplankton Decomposer
Bacteria Decomposer
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? ? ? ?
Arctic Cod Secondary Consumer Carnivore
Algae
Sun
Seal Tertiary Consumer Carnivore
Shrimp Primary Consumer Herbivore
Shrimp Primary Consumer Carnivore
Producer
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? ? ? ?
Earthworm Primary Consumer Herbivore
Earthworm Decomposer
Sun
Jaguar Secondary Consumer Carnivore
Tree Omnivore
Tree Producer
Sloth Primary Consumer Herbivore
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? ? ?
? ?
Sea Grass Producer
Clownfish Primary Consumer Herbivore
Sea Turtle Secondary Consumer Omnivore
Sun