Foundations of Personal Fitness

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What You Will Do

• Identify the two categories of vitamins and foods
  that provide them.
• List and describe the major minerals and their
  role in nutrition.
• Analyze the relationship between sound
  nutritional practices and physical activity.
• Explain the relationship between fluid balance
  and physical activity.
• Identify the importance of water to your bodys
  functioning.

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Terms to Know

• vitamins
• antioxidants
• minerals

• phytonutrients
• dietary supplement

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Micronutrients

• Because vitamins and minerals are nutrients
  needed in tiny amounts, they are known as
  micronutrients.

Vitamins dont contain calories, so they dont
provide energy.
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Micronutrients

• Vitamins are classified in two ways
• Fat-soluble vitamins (including A, D, E, and K)
  can be stored in the body.
• Water-soluble vitamins (including C and B
  complex) are not stored in your body.

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Micronutrients

• Some vitamins and minerals exhibit antioxidant
  properties.

They protect cells from injury and reduce the
risk of cancer, heart disease, and premature
aging.
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Micronutrients

• Minerals such as calcium, potassium, sodium, and
  iron, help your body function.

Like vitamins, minerals do not contain calories
or supply your body with energy.
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Micronutrients

• Calcium, potassium, and sodium are minerals that
  are classified as electrolytes.
• Electrolytes help maintain normal heart rhythm
  and control the bodys fluid balance.

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Micronutrients

• Minerals help your body function.
• Calcium helps build and maintain strong bones.
• Potassium aids in normal muscle contractions and
  in the sending of nerve impulses that control
  the movement of muscles.
• Sodium helps maintain the fluid balance inside
  and outside cells and helps nerve impulse
  transmission.
• Iron is part of the hemoglobin in red blood
  cells, which carry oxygen from the lungs to all
  cells.

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Water

• Drinking water is essential for these reasons
• It regulates body temperature.
• It carries nutrients to cells.
• It aids in digestion and elimination.
• It is key to many bodily chemical reactions.

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Phytonutrients

• A simple plant-based food may contain several
  hundred phytonutrients.

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Dietary Supplements

• Vitamins and minerals are available in dietary
  supplement form.

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Lesson 2 Review
Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary
1. Vocabulary Vitamins are micronutrients that
help control body processes and help your body
release energy to do work.
2. Recall Water is essential for life. Without
it death would occur in six to seven days.

1. Vocabulary What are vitamins? Name three
   fat-soluble and three water-soluble vitamins.
2. Recall Describe the importance of water to
   health.

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