Renaissance

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Renaissance

• Chapter 17
• Section 1

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Italy Birthplace of the Renaissance1300-1600

• Main Idea
• Revolution The Italian Renaissance was a
  rebirth of learning that produced many great
  works of art and literature.
• Why it matters now
• Renaissance art and literature still influence
  modern thought and modern art.
• Renaissance Rebirth (in art and learning)

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What 3 advantages fostered the Renaissance in
Italy?

• 1. Cities and City-States
• Italy urban areas large towns
• Rest of Europe rural
• Bubonic plague led to decreased population and
  increased wages art

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2. Merchants Medici

• Merchants made money due to trade
• They dominated politics
• Unlike royalty, they valued individual
  achievement
• Medici family- one of the most powerful families
  of the Renaissance
• Patrons of the arts, bankers, rulers

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3. Greek and Roman Influence

• Ruins of Rome inspired art and architecture
• Western scholars studied Latin (Roman)
  manuscripts (writings)
• Christian scholars studied Greek manuscripts that
  were rescued from Constantinople

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A New Attitude

• Reading classical works led to changes in
  thinking
• Humanism an intellectual movement focusing on
  human potential and achievement instead of
  suffering and piety
• Led to the study of history, literature,
  philosophy (aka Humanities)

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Worldly Pleasures

• News flash you can enjoy life without offending
  God!
• This idea allowed wealthy people to spend money
  on things for themselves without feeling guilty.
• People are more secular focused on things in
  this world instead of their spirits and what
  happens after death.

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Patrons of the Arts

• Patrons support artists
• Patrons were wealthy families, merchants and
  church leaders
• Supporting artists and buying art showed your
  power, influence and money

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Patrons of the Arts

• Patronage is the support, encouragement,
  privilege and often financial aid given by a
  person or an organization.

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The Renaissance Man

• The idea was that all educated people should or
  be expected to create art.
• Ideal man masters every area of study
• Men should be charming, witty, well educated,
  dance, sing, play music, write poetry, ride
  horses, play sports.

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The Renaissance Woman

• Expected to know the classics be charming
• Should inspire art, not create it
• More educated than
• medieval women

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Isabella dEste

• 1474-1539
• First Lady of the Italian Renaissance.
• Great patroness of the arts.
• Known during her time as First Lady of the
  World!

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Changes in Art
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1. Realism Expression

• Expulsion fromthe Garden
• Masaccio
• 1427
• First nudes sinceclassical times.

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2. Perspective

• The Trinity
• Masaccio
• 1427

Perspective!
Perspective!
Perspective!
Perspective!
Perspective!
Perspective!
Perspective!
First use of linear perspective!
What you are, I once was what I am, you will
become.
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3. Classicism

• Greco-Roman influence.
• Secularism.
• Humanism.
• Individualism ? free standing figures.
• Symmetry/Balance

The Classical PoseMedici Venus (1c)
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4. Empasis on Individualism

• Batista Sforza Federico de Montefeltre The
  Duke Dutchess of Urbino
• Piero della Francesca, 1465-1466.

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More on Art

• Anyone with money wanted to be a patron of the
  arts, including the pope.
• The new focus on individualism inspires people to
  commission paintings of themselves.
• Popes and other church officials show their
  influence by commissioning art that glorifies the
  church.

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Leonardo da Vinci Renaissance Man

• known for Mona Lisa and The Last Supper (showed
  personalities of the disciples)
• well-rounded painter, architect, engineer,
  sculptor, scientist

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The Last Supper
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Mona Lisa
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The Sistine ChapelMichelangelo Buonarroti1508
- 1512
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The Sistine Chapel Details
The Last Judgment
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Sculpture

• The human figure is beautiful and is depicted in
  life-like form.
• Celebrate the animal, natural beauty of man!
• Michelangelo, Donatello, Cellini, Bernini, da
  Vinci

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The Liberation of Sculpture

• David by Donatello
• 1430
• First free-form bronze since Roman times!

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David Verrocchio1473 - 1475
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• David
• MichelangeloBuonarotti
• 1504
• Marble

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? 15c
Whatadifferenceacenturymakes!
16c ?
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Renaissance Writing

• Vernacular- writing in ones own language, before
  this time people wrote in Latin even if they
  spoke another language day to day.
• Writing became a form of self expression or
  portray individuality.
• Ex Francesco Petrarch his sonnets about Laura.
  Some called Father of Renaissance humanism.
• Boccaccio and his famous writing-Decameron
  writing about individuals and the human
  condition, showing both tragic and comic views of
  life.

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The Prince Machiavelli

• How to gain power and keep it
• Not concerned with morals, only what is
  politically effective
• Must appear trustworthy and avoid suspicion but
  be ready to mislead people if necessary

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