Title: [Insert your name
1Tobacco 101
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1
2Overview
- Traditional tobacco
- Commercial tobacco
- Smokeless tobacco
- Tobacco Cancer
- Tobacco Diabetes
- Tobacco Secondhand smoke
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3Traditional Tobacco Stories
- Many indigenous nations have traditional stories
of how tobacco was introduced to their
communities. - Many stories emphasized the sacredness of the
plant and its powers to both heal if used
properly and to harm us if used improperly! - Some say that the original tobacco was discovered
about 18,000 years ago.
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4Traditional Tobacco Uses
- Tobacco was used by our Medicine People for both
healing and blessings. - Used as a smudge to ward off pests when the
people went out to hunt and gather (the original
version of OFF) because it contains nicotine, a
natural pesticide. - Given as a gift when welcoming guests to the
community as an offering to those requested to
pray or share their wisdom.
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5Traditional Vs. Commercial Tobacco
TRADITIONAL
COMMERCIAL
- Smoked in a pipe for ceremonial purposes
- Used as an offering to a healer, elder or other
person as a sign of respect or thanks - Medicinal tobacco was often used as a painkiller
- Deliberate targeting of specific consumer groups
- Premeditated and conscious addition of chemicals
that lead to addiction - Scarcely contains actual tobacco
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6Commercial Tobacco Contents
- 4000 Chemicals
- 40 Cancer causing agents
- 500 Poisons
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7Nicotine
- Poisonous
- More addictive than cocaine and heroine
- So powerful that farmers cant use it to kill
insects - Legal addiction
- Use results in emotional dependence
- Mood leveler
- Users rely on it to control emotional responses
to everyday life
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8Carbon Monoxide
- The compound in car exhaust that causes death
- Causes shortness of breath
- Reduces the amount of oxygen blood can carry
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9Tar
- Sticky Residue that stains the fingers and teeth.
- Contains benzopyrene, one of the deadliest
cancer causing agents known.
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10Chemicals
- Acetone fingernail polish remover
- Ammonia floor/toilet cleaner
- Cadmium batteries
- Arsenic rat poison
- Methane cow manure fumes
- Formaldehyde preserver of dead bodies
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11Metals
- Aluminum
- Magnesium
- Zinc
- Silicon
- Titanium
- Silver
- Lead
- Copper
- Mercury
- Heavy metals
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12Nicotine Hard Habit to Quit
- On a milligram for milligram basis, is 10
timesmore potent than heroin as an addictive
substance - Smoking is an over-learned behavior
- Pack/day smoker estimates
- 6 doses (puffs)/cigarette
- 20 cigarettes per day
- 43,800 doses per year!
- Few behaviors occur more often. . .
- Breathing
- Blinking
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13Nicotine Hard Habit to Quit
Withdrawal Symptoms
Anxiety 87 Irritability 80
Difficulty Concentrating 73 Restlessness 71
Tobacco Cravings 62 Gastrointestinal Problems 33
Headaches 24 Drowsiness 22
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14Tobacco Health Effects
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15Tobacco Health Effects
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16Tobacco Facts Stats
- 40 of all AN/AN deaths can be attributed to
commercial tobacco use - 50 of AI/AN teens reported some type of
cigarette use (highest rate in the nation, out of
all ethnic populations and age groups) - 21 of AI/AN teens reported using smokeless
tobacco - Teens are 3 times more likely to smoke if parent
or sibling smokes
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17Tobacco Facts Stats
- AI/ANs 40.8
- African Americans 22.4
- Whites 23.6
- Hispanics 16.7
- Asian American/ 13.3 Pacific Islanders
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18Tobacco Facts Stats
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19Tobacco Facts Stats
- 85 of teenagers who smoke two or more cigarettes
completely, and overcome the initial discomforts
of smoking, will become regular smokers. - In a study of high school seniors, only 5 of
those who smoked believed they would still be
smoking two years after graduation. In fact, 75
were still smoking eight years later. - One-third to one-half of young people who try
cigarettes go on to be daily smokers.
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20Tobacco Costs
- Every pack of cigarettes sold in the U.S. costs
the community 7.18 in medical care costs and
lost productivity - IHS estimates 200 million is spent each year to
treat tobacco related diseases - 75 billion in direct medical costs associated
with tobacco use each year in U.S. - 82 billion unrealized due to loss of
productivity as a result of tobacco abuse
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21Tobacco Individual Costs
A pack a day habit 1 Year 1,680
10 Years
16,800 20 Years 33,600
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22Tobacco Facts Stats
If not one single young person started smoking
from this day forward these losses more than
400,000 deaths per year would still continue
unabated for 30 years. C. Everett Koop (US
Surgeon General 1981-1989)
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23Smokeless Tobacco Facts Stats
- Chew, Snuff, plug, leaf, and dip are all forms of
smokeless tobacco - If you hold the average-sized dip in your mouth
for 30 minutes you get as much nicotine as you
would from 2-3 cigarettes - American Indian teenage girls have the highest
prevalence rates of spit tobacco - 43 of Indian youth in the Northwest use spit
tobacco
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24Smokeless Tobacco Facts Stats
- Contains 28 cancer-causing chemicals
- One can of Copenhagen is equal to 3 packs of
cigarettes - Snuff dippers consume on average 10 times more
cancer-causing substances (nitrosamines --
chemicals from the curing process) than cigarette
smokers
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25Effects of Smokeless Tobacco
- Tooth Abrasion
- Gum Disease
- Gum Recession
- Heart Disease and Stroke
- Cancer in the mouth, pharynx (voice box),
esophagus and pancreas.
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26Effects of Smokeless Tobacco
- Increased heart rate
- Increased blood pressure
- Bad breath
- Reduced sense of smell
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27Tobacco Cancer
- Lung cancer is the number one cause of cancer
death among Indian women - Womens death rates due to lung cancer have risen
600 since 1950 - About 90 of all lung cancer deaths are
attributable to smoking - Chewing tobacco and snuff contain 28 different
carcinogens
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28Tobacco Cancer
- Smoking is a major cause of cancers of the
oropharynx (base of the tongue) and bladder among
women. - Women who smoke have increased risks for cancers
of the pancreas and kidney. - Larynx and esophagus cancer rates are also
elevated.
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29Tobacco Cancer
Healthy lungs
Small cell cancer in Smokers lung
Cancerous tumor in the lung
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30Tobacco Cancer
- Research shows that smokers infected with human
papillomavirus have greater risk of developing
invasive cervical cancer than nonsmokers with the
virus. - Indian women have cervical cancer rates 3.5 times
the national average. Tobacco is one of the
behavioral factors considered to elevate the risk
of cervical cancer.
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31Tobacco Diabetes
- Smoking and Diabetes both reduce the amount of
oxygen reaching your bodily tissues, resulting in
poor circulation. - Smoking raises your blood sugar level making it
harder to control your diabetes. - Of people with diabetes who need amputations, 95
are smokers.
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32Tobacco Diabetes
- Nicotine is a vessel constrictor, reducing the
bodys blood flow. Smoking increases cholesterol
levels and hardens arteries. - Diabetes increases cholesterol levels and the
levels of some other fats in your blood. - The combined cardiovascular risks of smoking and
diabetes is as high as 14 times those of either
smoking or diabetes alone.
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33Tobacco Diabetes
- Together, diabetes and tobacco use make it twice
as likely that you will develop heart and blood
vessel disease. - People with diabetes who smoke are 3 times more
likely to die of cardiovascular disease than are
other people with diabetes. - Deaths from heart disease in women with diabetes
have increased 23 over the past 30 years
compared to a 27 decrease in women without
diabetes.
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34Secondhand Smoke
- Smoke breathed out by a smoker and smoke from the
burning end of cigarettes, cigars, pipes - Composed of nearly 4,000 different chemicals and
over 150 toxins including carbon monoxide
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35Children Secondhand Smoke
- 38 of children aged 2 months to 5 years are
exposed to SHS in the home. - Up to 2,000,000 ear infections each year
- Nearly 530,000 doctor visits for asthma
- Up to 436,000 episodes of bronchitis in children
under five - Up to 190,000 cases of pneumonia in children
under five
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36Children Secondhand Smoke
- Coughing and wheezing
- Asthma
- Sore throats and colds
- Eye irritation
- Hoarseness
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37Pregnancy Secondhand Smoke
- Pregnant women exposed to ETS 6 hours a day pass
carcinogens to the blood of unborn - ETS for 2 hours a day causes 2 times risk of low
birth weight
- Miscarriage
- Prematurity
- Low birth weight
- Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
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38What You Can Do
- If you smoke quit as soon as possible!
- Do not allow smoking inside your home or car
protect others from Secondhand smoke. - Get involved with tobacco awareness campaigns
let others know about the risk!
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39When You Quit
- Within 20 Minutes
- Blood pressure drops to normal
- Pulse rate returns to normal
- Body temperature of hands and feet increases to
normal - Within 8 Hours
- Carbon Monoxide level in blood drops to normal
- Oxygen level in blood increases to normal
- Smoker's breath disappears
- Within 24 Hours
- Your chance of a heart attack decreases.
- Within 48 Hours
- Nerve endings start to re-grow
- Your ability to smell and taste is enhanced
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40When You Quit
- Within 72 Hours
- Bronchial tubes relax making it easier to
breathe. - Lung capacity increases making it easier to do
physical activities - Within 2 weeks - 3 months
- Circulation improves
- Walking becomes easier
- Lung function increases up to 30
- Within 1 - 9 months
- Coughing, sinus congestion, fatigue, shortness of
breath decrease - Energy level increases
- Cilia re-grow in lungs, increasing the ability to
handle mucus, clean lungs, reduce infection
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41When You Quit
- Within One Year
- Risk of coronary heart disease is half that of a
smoker - Within Two Years
- Heart attack risk drops to near normal
- Within 5 Years
- Lung cancer death rate for average pack-a-day
smoker decreases by almost half - Stroke risk is reduced
- Risk of mouth, throat and esophageal cancer is
half that of a smoker
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42When You Quit
- Within 10 Years
- Lung cancer death rate is similar to that of a
person who does not smoke. - The pre-cancerous cells are replaced.
- Within 15 Years
- Risk of coronary heart disease is the same as a
person who has never smoked.
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43Thank you! Questions Comments Stories
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