Middle Ages of Europe

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Middle Ages of Europe

• Mr. Clutter
• VMS Library

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Topics of the Middle Ages
Becoming a Knight Castles Clothing Knights their Armor
Weapons Medieval Monks Knights of the Round Table Jousts Tournaments
Cathedrals The Crusades Monks Nuns
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BECOMING A KNIGHT

• A boy starts on his way to knighthood at about
  the age of seven or eight.
• This young trainee was known as a page.
• Pages practiced fighting with a sword against a
  wooden stak or pell to develop muscles needed in
  becoming a strong knight.

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Becoming A Knight

• You have to be the between the ages eighteen and
  twenty.
• The next morning you would be dressed in
  symbolically colored clothes red (for his blood),
  white (for purity), brown (for the return to
  earth when he died).
• A tap on each shoulder would crown him a knight.

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Castles

• The structures were surrounded by a moat, a ditch
  filled with water.
• The gatehouse was the living quarters of the
  guards over the main gate of the castle.
• The portcullis was a heavy gate made of wood and
  iron, which could be dropped down to close off
  the gatehouse.

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Castles

• The walls of a castle could be as thick as
  30ft!!!
• The walls of a castle have small slits in them
  called arrow loops for men to shoot arrows
  through.
• Round walls made each part of the castle harder
  to hit, and they gradually get thicker.

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Clothing of the Middle Ages

• Most women and men wore tunics.
• Children only wore rags mostly from the adults
  old clothes and never had shoes to wear.
• Monks and old men wore tunics to the ground.

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Knights and their Armor

• The suits took 5 years to make.
• The armor was hand-made by artisans and
  craftsmen.
• It took an hour to put on the suit of armor.

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Knights and their Armor

• In the 12th century, the knights used an armor
  called mail.
• When the armor was complete it weighted about 20
  or 30 pounds and that was only the chest, arms,
  and back.
• These suits lasted until the 15th century and
  then they started making full body suits our of
  plate armor.

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Weapons

• The two-handed sword was a very large sword with
  visions of the ordinary sword.
• The battle-axes were on a yard handle, and swung
  with both hands.
• The cross bows were like a gun that shot arrows.

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Weapons

• Warriors used all kinds of weapons.
• The smallest weapon was a dagger.
• Knights used lances during jousting tournaments.
• A double-handed sword was used in the 13th
  century.

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Medieval Monks

• Monks were men who devoted their lives to the
  service of God.
• The chapel house is were monks go to speak to
  pardons.
• They did not talk at dinnerinstead they made
  signals to each other for talking.

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Monks and Nuns

• Some monks wore shirts made of hair as
  undershirts,to purposely scratch their skin and
  constantly remind them of the suffering that
  Jesus had done.
• There is a special type of haircut required of
  monks in some churches.
• It is called Tonsure,and it leaves a ring of hair
  around the head to represent the crown of thorns
  that Jesus wore.

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Jousts Tournaments

• Jousting reached its height as a spectator sport
  in the 13th century.
• Knights met at a combined speed of 60 mph.
• 2 teams of knights would fight a mock battle,
  called a tourney.

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Jousts and Tournaments

• In a joust, knights could show off their skills
  without other contestants getting in the way.
• A knight could score points if he broke his
  opponents lance on your shield.
• Special armor was developed for jousting to
  increase protection.

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Cathedrals

• In the middle ages,the main purpose for a
  cathedral was religion.
• The bells in the tower often signaled beginnings
  of services or served as a clock to tell time.
• Stained glass windows, statues, and paintings
  were picture Bibles for those who couldnt read.

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The Crusades

• During the Middle Ages, many Christians went as
  pilgrims to Jerusalem and other Bible lands.
• By November 1095 Pope Urban II preached a sermon
  calling on faithful Christians to journey to the
  Holy Land on a crusade against the Turks.
• The Turks were driven from much of the Holy Land
  and a new kingdom of Jerusalem known as Outremer,
  was set up.

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Monks and Nuns

• Monks lived alone, but met in a common chapel.
• Monks went to monastery churches eight times a
  day.
• The life of a monk or nun was full of prayer,
  physical work, and prayer.

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Knights of the Round Table

• The Knights of the Round Table were the most
  famous knights ever.
• King Arthurs charge to the knights was meant to
  make them promise to always to do good and never
  do evil.
• Their bravery, honor, and dignity should be an
  example for all of us to behave even in todays
  times.

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