Title: Presentation for the occasion of the International Migrants Day (18 December)
1 www.iom.org.ua
- Presentation for the occasion of the
International Migrants Day (18 December) - Ruth Krcmár, IOM Mission in Ukraine
2Contents
- Migration and the World
- Migration and Ukraine
- What is IOM?
- IOM mission in Ukraine
- IOM and I
www.iom.org.ua
3IOM staff together with Ukrainian labour migrants
in Portugal
www.iom.org.ua
4As we speak
- 1) History of mankind can be described as a
history of migration - 2) 200 million people migrate across
international borders globally annually - 3) Another 700 million people per year migrate
internally within the borders of their states
without leaving their countries and regions of
origin - 4) Contemporary migration is global, fast and
diverse - 5) Number of people living outside their
countries of origin will double in the next 15
years - 6) An upcoming challenge environmentally
induced migration as a result of global warming - 7) Aging population asks for modern approaches to
address demographic change. Average Slovenian in
2050 will be 49 years old. - 8) If migration is managed well, migrants
sending and receiving countries can benefit from
it .
www.iom.org.ua
5Feminization of Migration
- Nearly half of the world's migrants today are
women. - Female migration can challenge gender stereotypes
and lead to greater independence and autonomy for
women by increasing the proportion of women in
paid employment situations. - The increased feminization of migration - women
migrating independently, or, as the
"breadwinner," thereby promoting gender equality
and empowering women.
www.iom.org.ua
6Prudentópolis?
There are more Ukrainians living abroad than
foreigners in Ukraine Prudentopolis looks like a
typical Ukrainian town, although it is in
Brazil Ukrainian population in Brazil was in
2009 was 0.5 million people . Around 80 of
them live in a central Region called the
Brazilian Ukraine. 75 of Prudentópolis city
population are Ukrainians. The Ukrainian
language is taught in local schools, and the
culture from Ukraine is preserved.
www.iom.org.ua
7Children of Ukrainian labour migrants in Italy
attending a theatre play by student actors
www.iom.org.ua
8Migration Development
- First Ukrainians settled in Canada in 1861. Today
Ukrainian diaspora is estimated 6-20 million. - Emigration waves followed before and after WWI,
during WWII and after the countrys independence.
- Remittance (money sent back to their country by
labour migrants) is the second biggest cash flow
globally - World Bank estimates that remittance flows to
developing countries amounts to USD 316
billion/year -- two times that of Overseas
Development Aid and about as substantial as all
global Foreign Direct Investment. - The World Bank estimates that a 10 increase in
per capita remittances leads to a 3.5 decline in
the share of people living in poverty. - Remittances to Ukraine totaled 5bn in 2009
(World Bank) and equaled to foreign direct
investment or 5 of the GDP. Transfers mostly
informal and used for consumption.
www.iom.org.ua
9Men 67
Ukrainian Labour Migrant
Male (67)
Married (60)
Average salary in Ukraine (USD 175)
Has Dependents (50)
Secondary of higher education 90
Source World Bank
10Labour Migration
The estimates of the stock of Ukrainian labour
migrants vary 1.5-4.5 to 9 million.
Main Destination Countries
- Half go to Russia half to EU
- Over 50 are irregular
- Average wage differential 8 times higher abroad
- Migrants 2/3 men, 1/3 women
- Men work in construction
- Women work in domestic care
www.iom.org.ua
11Trafficking in Human Beings
- Over 110,000 Ukrainian Victims of Trafficking
(VoTs) since 1991 (average 5,500/ annum) - 7,035 VoTs assisted by IOM (2000-2010)
- Trend 1 increasing no. of minors identified
- Trend 2 risk group for trafficking expanding
from young women (15-24) to women and men of all
ages - Trend 3 increasing no. of foreign nationals VoTs
- Trend 4 increase in non-sexual forms of
exploitation
Main destination countries for VoTs (2000-2010)
Counter-trafficking helpline 527 is free of
charge
www.iom.org.ua
12Female Victim of Trafficking Profile
18-30 years of age
From a rural area/ small town (39)
Victim of sexual or labour exploitation (50/50)
Trends older, internal trafficking
Secondary or technical education (73)
www.iom.org.ua
13Male Victim of Trafficking Profile
19-45 years old
From a rural area or a small town
Do not realize he is a VoT
Trend trafficked to Ukraine
Victim of labour exploitation
Secondary or technical education
Has a child
www.iom.org.ua
14What is IOM?
IOM staff at the Migrant Advice centre
www.iom.org.ua
15Leading Global Migration Agency
- Established in 1951, the International
Organization for Migration (IOM) is the principal
intergovernmental organization in the field of
migration. - Growing rapidly with currently 127 member states.
- A further 17 states hold observer status (as do
numerous Os and NGOs). - IOMs programme budget for 2009 exceeds US 1
billion. - Funding over 2,360 active programmes.
- And more than 7,000 staff members serving in more
than 460 field offices in more than a 100
countries.
www.iom.org.ua
16 IOMs Strategy
- To provide secure, reliable and cost-effective
services for persons who require
international migration assistance - To enhance the humane and orderly management of
migration - To offer expert advice, research, technical
cooperation and operational assistance to states
and other stakeholders - To contribute to economic development of States
through design and implementation of
migration-related programmes aimed at maximizing
migration benefits - To support States, migrants and communities in
addressing the challenges of irregular migration - To be a primary reference point for migration
information, research, best practices and data
collection
www.iom.org.ua
17 IOMs Strategy (cont)
- To promote, facilitate and support regional and
global debate and dialogue on migration - To assist States to facilitate the integration of
migrants in their new environment and to engage
diasporas as development partners - To participate in coordinated humanitarian
responses and post-crisis situations - To undertake programmes which facilitate the
voluntary return and integration of refugees and
displaced persons - To assist States in the development and delivery
of programmes, studies and technical expertise on
combating migrant smuggling and trafficking in
persons - To support the efforts of States in the area in
labour migration, circular migration in
particular.
www.iom.org.ua
18 IOM in Ukraine
IOM mission in Ukraine staff
www.iom.org.ua
19IOM in Ukraine
- Over 100 dedicated professional staff members,
working in - COUNTER TRAFFICKING (awareness raising, advocacy
and VoT assistance) - LABOUR MIGRATION (promote legal channels for
Ukrainian employment abroad) - MIGRATION HEALTH ASSESSMENT (health screening for
migrants) - CAPACITY BUILDING IN MIGRATION MANAGEMENT (policy
and technical advice to specialized Government
agencies) - PROMOTING MULTICULTURALISM (and Intercultural
dialogue) - ALLEVIATION OF SOCIAL DRAIN CAUSED BY MIGRATION
(psychosocial assistance to children left behind
by labour migrants)
www.iom.org.ua
20IOM in Ukraine
- The IOM Mission in Ukraine was established in
1996 in Kyiv - At the same time Ukraine became an observer state
of IOM - In 2001, Ukraine requested membership in IOM
- In 2002 the Ukrainian Parliament ratified this
membership - Same privileges and immunities as a United
Nations Specialized Agency, member of the UN
Country team
www.iom.org.ua
21 Thank You Do you have a migration story to tell?
www.iom.org.ua