?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? Prokaryotic ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????. ????? ?????? ???????? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

About This Presentation
Title:

?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? Prokaryotic ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????. ????? ?????? ????????

Description:

Title: . Author: Amena Last modified by: User Created Date: 10/11/2005 9:42:45 AM – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:69
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Slides: 37
Provided by: Amena
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Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? Prokaryotic ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????. ????? ?????? ????????


1
????????? ?????.? ???? ???????? ??????.? ?????
???? ??????.? ??? ?? ??? ?.? ???? ???? ???
?????? ????????? ???????
2
????????? ?????? ????????
  • ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???????
    ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ??????
    ??????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ??
    ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??
    ??????? ???????. ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????
    ????????? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ???
    ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????
    ?????? ???????. ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????
    ?????? ??? ??????????? Protoplast.
  • ??????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ????????
    ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????
    ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????.

3
????????? ?????? ????????
  • ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????
    ????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????. ??? ??????
    ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????????
    ???????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ????
    ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???????
    ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? Eucaryptic ?????
    ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? Cell Organelles ????
    ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ? ???????
    ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????
    ???????? ????????? ????? ????? ???????( RNA
    Ribonucleic acid , DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid) .
    ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????????
    ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ????????????? .... ???.

4
????????? ?????? ????????
  • ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? Prokaryotic
    ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ????????
    ????????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????
    ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????
    ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????. ?????
    ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? Coenocytic ?????
    ?? ?????????? ?????? ????? Necleoplasm ??? ????
    ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????
    ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ???????
    ????????? ? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???????
    ???????? ???????.

5
????????? ?????? ????????
  • ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????
  • ?- ???? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????
    ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ??????
    ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ????????????? ???
    ??? ?????? ???????.
  • ?- ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???
    ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????
    ?????? ?? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ????????
    ????? ??? ??????? Totipotency ????? ?????? ???
    ??????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? Tissue
    Culture.
  • ?- ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ??
    ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ????????? ???? ?????
    ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????.
  • ?- ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ????????? ???
    ????? ????.

6
????????? ?????? ????????
  • ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????
  • ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ????
    ?????? ????????????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???
    ???? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ???????????
    ??????.

7
????????? ?????? ????????
  • ?????? ?????? Cell Wall
  • ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????
    ???????. ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????
    ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ??
    ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??
    ???? ???????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ????????
    ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????
    ????? ??? ???????? ??????????.

8
????????? ?????? ????????
  • ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????-
  • ??? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ????????.
  • ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ????????.
  • ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????.
  • ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????.
  • ???????? ?? ??? ???????? Turgor Pressures.
  • ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????.
  • ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??????.
  • ????? ??? ???? ????? ??????.

9
????????? ?????? ????????
  • ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????
  • ?-??????? ?????? Middle lamella
  • ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????????
    ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????
    ??????? ???????????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??
    ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????
    ???????? ????? ????? Mitosis.

10
????????? ?????? ????????
  • ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????
  • ?- ?????? ????????? Primary Wall
  • ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????
    ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????. ???? ??????
    ????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????
    ??????? ?? ??? ????????. ?????? ?? ?????? Fibrils
    ?? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????
    ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??????
    ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????
    ??????? ??????? ?????????????? ??? ???? ?????
    ???? ??? ???????? Hydroxyproline, Proline ?? ????
    ??????.

11
????????? ?????? ????????
  • ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????
  • ?-?????? ??????? Secondary Wall
  • ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????????
    ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????
    ? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ?????.?
    ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????
    ???????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????
    ???????.

12
????????? ?????? ????????
  • ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????
    ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????
    ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ???
    ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????????
    ????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????????
    ????????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??????????
    ???? ?????? ??????. ??? ????? ??????????? ???????
    ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???
    ???????? ? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? 700
    ????? ????? ?????????.

13
????????? ?????? ????????
  • ??? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ????
    ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????
  • 1-?????????? Cellulose ?????? ?????????
    ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???????? B
    1.4 Glicoside Linkage ???????? ???????? ??????
    ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????????.
  • 2- ????????? Pectin ???? ??????? Pectic
    acid (polygalacturonic acid (a 1.4 ???????
    ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????????.
    ???????? galacturonate Methyl ???? ????? ????
    ?????.

14
????????? ?????? ????????
  • ??? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ????
    ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????
  • 3- ????????????? Hemicellulose ????
    ??????????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??????
    ????? Xylans ( ??? Xylose ) ???? ( arabinose)
    arabans ????????? ??? ???????? ???????? ???
    Mannans ( Mannose ) ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??????.
  • 4- ??????? Lignin ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??
    ?????? Phenyl Propane ????? ?? ?????? ?????????
    ?????? ????????.

15
????????? ?????? ????????
  • ??? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ????
    ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????
  • 5- ???????? Suberin ?? ?????? ???? ?????
    ????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????
    ??????????. ????????? (??????)??? ???? ?????
    ?????? ??? ???.
  • 6- ???????? Cutin (?????? ?? ??????) ???
    ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????
    ?????????? ? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ??????
    ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????
    ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????????.

16
????????? ?????? ????????
  • ??? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ????
    ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????
  • 7- ???????? Silica ???? ?????? ?? ???????
    ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???????
    ?????????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ???
    ?????????? Diatoms
  • 8- ???????? Chitin ???? ???? ?????? N-acetyl
    D- glucose amine ????? ?? ???????? ???? ????????
    ??????.

17
????????? ?????? ????????
  • ??? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ????
    ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????
  • 9- ????????? Gelatin ???? ???????? ????? ??
    ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ??
    ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ??????
    ???????.
  • 10- ??????? Callose ???? ???????????? ?????
    ?? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? B- 1.3
    glucoside ????? ????? ?? ???????? ????????? ?????
    ??????? ?????? ????????.
  • 11- ??????? Tannin ?????????? Resins ?????
    ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ????
    ???????.

18
????????? ????? ?? ?????? ????????
  • ????? ???????????? Protoplasm
  • ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??
    ??????????? ???????. ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???????
    ??????? ???????. ????? ??????????? ???? ???????
    ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????
    ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????
    ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????.

19
????????? ????? ?? ?????? ????????
  • ????? ???????????? Protoplasm
  • ?????? (???????????) Cytoplasm
  • ?????? ????????????? Endoplasmic reticulum
  • ??????? ????????????? Cytoplasmic Membrans
  • ??????????? Plastids
  • ?????????????? Mitochondria
  • ??????????? Ribosomes
  • ????? ????? Golgi Bodies (?????????????
    Dictyosomes)
  • ??????????? Lysomoes

20
????????? ?????? ????????
21
????????? ?????? ????????
22
????????? ????? ?? ?????? ????????
  • ?????- ?????? Nucleus
  • ??? ??? ??????????? ????? ???? ????? ??
    ??????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????
    ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????????
    ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???
    ?????? ??????? ???????? . ?????? ????? ??? 7 50
    ?????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??
    ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? Giant ???? ???? ?????
    ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? Cycas.

23
???????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ????????
  • ???? ???????? ????? ???????????? ???? ?????
    ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?????
    ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????
    ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ??
    ???? ??????.
  • ????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??
    ??????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??
    ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???
    ?????. ???? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??
    ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????????

24
???????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ????????
  • ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????
  • (1) ????????????Carbohydrates
  • ???? ???????????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????
    ????? ???????? ???????.??? ????? 50 ??? ????? ??
    ??? ?????? ?????. ???? ??????????? ???? ??????
    ??? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????????
    ??????? ???????? ??????.

25
???????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ????????
  • ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????
  • (2) ?????????? Proteins
  • ???? ????? ????? ??????????? ??? ????? ??????
    ????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ??????.
    ???? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??????
    ???? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ??
    ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????????
    Aleurone grains. ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??
    ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ????
    ??????? ??????? ????????? ???? ??????? ????? ??
    ????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????.
    ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ??
    ???? ????? ?? ????? ???????.

26
???????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ????????
  • ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????
  • (3) ?????? ??????? ???????? Vagetable Oils and
    Fats
  • ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????
    ???? ?? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????
    ????? ???????. ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??
    ????? ???? ????? ????? Oils Vacucles ??? ??? ???
    ??? ??????? ????????. ??? ???? ?????? ??
    ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ??
    ?????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????.
    ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???????.

27
???????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ????????
  • ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????
  • 4- ?????? ??????? ?? ????????
  • ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? Volatile
    Oils ???????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????
    ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????.
    ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????????
    ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ???
    ??????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ??? ???????
    ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? Cinnamon. ??????
    ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ????.??????
    ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????
    ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????
    ?????? ?????? ?? ?????????.

28
???????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ????????
  • ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????
  • 5- ?????? ??????
  • ???? ???????? Cutin ????????? Suberin ????
    ????? ???????. ????? ????? ???? ????? ???????
    ????? ???????? ???? ??????? Cutinization ? ?????
    ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???????
    ????????. ?????? ???? ?????? Cuticle ?? ????
    ????????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????
    ??????. ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ??????
    ????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???
    ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????
    ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????. ????? ????? ????
    ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ???
    ??? ????? ??????? ???????? Suberiztion ?????
    ???????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ????
    ????? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????
    ?????? ??????????? ?? ?????.

29
???????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ????????
  • ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????
  • (6) ????? ??????? Latex
  • ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??????
    ???? ????? ????? ??????? Laticifers ??? ????
    ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????
    Hevea ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????
    ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ????
    ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???
    ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????????
    ?????????? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ???????
    ?????????? ??????.

30
???????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ????????
  • ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????
  • (7) ?????????Resins
  • ???? ??? ???????? ????? ???????? ??? ????
    ???? ???- ?? ???? ???? ???. ???? ??? ????
    ????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??
    ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????. ?? ???? ?????????
    ?? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??
    ?????? ???????? ????????????. ???? ??????? ??
    ????????? ????? ?? ????????? ??????? ????????.
    ????? ????????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ????????
    ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????. ?? ???? ??????? ?????
    ??? ?? ??????? ???? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ???
    ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?? ??
    ????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ???????. ??? ???? ??
    ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???????
    ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??
    ??? ???? ???.

31
???????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ????????
  • ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????
  • (8) ????????? ?? ????????? Tannins
  • ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ???
    ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????
    ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ?????????.
    ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???
    ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????
    ??????? ??? ???????. ??? ???? ?? ???????????
    ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??
    ????? ??????. ????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????
    ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????
    ??????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????.

32
???????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ????????
  • ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????
  • (9) ????????? Crystals
  • ?? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??
    ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????????
    ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????
    ????????. ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??????
    ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????
    ??????? ??????. ? ???? ???????? ?? ?????????
    ??????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ?? ?????? ???????
    ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????
    ?? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??????.

33
???????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ????????
  • ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????
  • (9) ????????? Crystals
  • ??????? ??????? ????????? ? ?? ???????
  • ????????? ??????? Acicular crystals(Raphides)
  • ????????? ?????????Prismatic crystals
  • ????????? ???????Rosette crystals "Druses"
  • ??????? ??????? ?????????

34
?????? ???????? Vacuole
  • (1) ??????? ??????? ??????
  • ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ??????
    ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????. ?????
    ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??
    ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??????. ??? ????? ?????? ??
    ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?????. ?????? ?????? ??
    ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??????.
    ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????
    ??????.

35
?????? ???????? Vacuole
  • (1) ??????? ??????? ??????
  • ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????
    ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????.
    ????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????
    ???? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ??????
    ?????. ??? ?????? ???????????? ???? ???? ????
    ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????
    ????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ??? ???? ???
    ????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????
    ??????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? 90 ?? ???
    ?????????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????????
    ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????????? ?? ????????
    ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????
    ????????? .

36
?????? ???????? Vacuole
  • (1) ??????? ??????? ??????
  • ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ????????
    ??????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?
    ???????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ???????
    ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??
    ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ? ?????????
    ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?
    ??????????? ????????? ???????? ?????????
    ?????????? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ????????
    ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??
    ?????????????? ?????????????? ????? ?????????
    ?????????? ????????????? ????????.
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