The U.S. Constitution and Civil Rights: The Civil Rights Movement- How did we get here?

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The U.S. Constitution and Civil RightsThe Civil
Rights Movement- How did we get here?
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California Content Standard

• 11.10 Students analyze the development of federal
  civil rights and voting rights.
• 11.10.6 Analyze the ffects of civil rights and
  voting rights legislation (e.g., 1964 Civil
  Rights Act, Voting Rights Act of 1965) and the
  Twenty-Fourth Amendment, with an emphasis on
  equality of access to education and to the
  political process.

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Lesson Objectives

• Students will be able to
• compare and contrast the conditions in which
  African Americans lived before and after the
  13th, 14th, and 15th amendments.
• identify the setbacks to reconstruction efforts
  
• evaluate the purpose of the U.S. Constitution
• examine how the conditions for African
  Americans in the U.S. lead to the Civil Rights
  movement

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Constitutional Changes Under Reconstruction

• Thirteen Amendment (1865) Slavery and Involuntary
  Servitude
• Section 1 Outlawing Slavery- neither slavery
  nor involuntary servitude, except as punishment
  for crime whereof the party shall have been dully
  convicted, shall exist within the U.S., or any
  place subject to their jurisdiction
• Section 2 Enforcement- Congress shall have
  power to enforce this article by appropriate
  legislation

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Thirteen Amendment (1865) Slavery and Involuntary
Servitude

• After

• Before

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Constitutional Changes Under Reconstruction

• Fourteenth Amendment (1868) Rights of Citizens
• Section 1 Citizenship- All persons born or
  naturalized in the United States, and subject to
  the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the
  United States and of the state wherein they
  reside. No state shall make or enforce any law
  which shall abridge the privileged or immunities
  of citizens of the United States nor shall any
  state deprive any person of life, liberty, or
  property, without due process of law nor deny
  any person within its jurisdiction the equal
  protection of the laws.

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Fourteenth Amendment (1868) Rights of Citizens

• Before

• After

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Constitutional Changes Under Reconstruction

• Fifteenth Amendment (1870) Right to Vote-Race,
  Color, Servitude
• Section 1 Extending the Right to Vote- The
  right of citizens of the U.S. to vote shall not
  be denied or abridged by the U.S. or any state on
  account of race, color, or previous condition of
  servitude.
• Section 2 Enforcement- The Congress shall
  have power to enforce this article by appropriate
  legislation.

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Fifteenth Amendment (1870) Right to Vote-Race,
Color, Servitude

• Before

• After

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Reconstruction Backlash/Results

• 13th Amendment- Slavery
• Continual poverty for African Ams.
• Share Cropping, tenant farming
• limited opportunities

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Reconstruction Backlash/Results

• 14th Amendment-Rights of Citizen
• Jim Crow laws- superior/inferior, societal norms
• Plessy v. Ferguson 1896- legalizes separate but
  equal
• Growth of the KKK-terrorism

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Reconstruction Backlash/Results

• 15th Amendment-Right to Vote
• Voting Restrictions
• poll tax- fee to vote
• 2. literacy tests- designed to keep African Ams.
  from voting
• 3. grandfather clause

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Before the Civil Rights Movement the U.S. looked
like this
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Quick Write Prompt

• How effective were the constitutional changes
  made under reconstruction?
• How did the conditions in which African Americans
  lived elicit the need for a Civil Rights movement?