NATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR

1
NATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR AGRICULTURE ON KHARIF
CAMPAIGN ,2014
ADOPTION OF IMPROVED TECHNOLOGY FOR EFFICIENT USE
OF WATER, NUTRIENTS AND PLANT PROTECTION
CHEMICALS
GOVERNMENT OF TAMIL NADU
2
THRUST AREAS

• Rejuvenation of soil health to increase the
  productivity
• Conjunctive use of water
• Supply and management of quality inputs
• Effective and economic utilization of inputs
• Increasing the net cultivable area
• Improving the Farmers Economic Development Index
• Investment for increased capacity utilization of
  agriculture infrastructure
• Rainfed cultivation

3
INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY

• Total Water Potential
• 18 River basins.
• gt 95 of the surface water potential and 80 of
  ground water potential exploited
• Normal Annual surface flow 6.07 Million
  Hectare Metre (MHM).
• Utilizable run off 2.33 MHM. Total utilizable
  water resources 5 MHM (Both Surface Ground
  Water).
• 85 Large dams 4 Small dams Combined storage
  capacity 238.58 TMC

Details Water Potential in TamilNadu Water Potential in TamilNadu
Details Million Cubic Metre(Mcum) Thousand Million Cubic Feet(TMC)
Surface Water Potential 24160 853
Ground Water Potential 22965 811
Total 47125 1664
4
INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY CONTD.,

• AVAILABLE WATER RESOURCES
• Total water resources available is 1587 TMC
• Total demand for Agri Non-Agri is 1893 TMC.
• Total available Ground Water is 734 TMC.
• Total unmet gap is 306 TMC (16 of the demand) -
  Rain water Harvesting initiatives imperative.
• Totally 70,368 water bodies ( Minor irrigation
  accounts for 21,609)
• Blockwise Ground Water Utilisation

Category2 Utilisation() No.of Blocks
Over exploited gt100 138
Critical 90-100 33
Semi-Critical 70-90 67
Safe lt70 136
Poor quality - 11
Total 385
5
INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY CONTD.,

• EXTENT OF IRRIGATED LAND
• Annual average rainfall - 921.50 mm (48 during
  north-east monsoon, 35 during south-west
  monsoon, 14 during summer and 3 during winter).
  
• Per capita availability of water resources is 750
  cubic meters per (All India average of 2,200
  cubic meters).
• World standard is 1000 Cubic Meters. Tamil Nadu
  state is under water scarcity.
• Net area irrigated by different sources during
  2011-12 was 29.64 lakh ha as against 29.12 lakh
  ha in 2010-11 - Increase of 0.52 lakh ha
• Net area irrigated during 2011-12 constituted
  about 59 of the net area sown in the state.

6
INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY-CONTD.,

• STRATEGIES TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF WATER
  USE
• Improving water holding capacity of sub-basins
  bringing more cropped area under irrigation
• Intensification of irrigated area development and
  water management schemes.
• Improving water resources - farm ponds,
  de-silting of lakes ponds, percolation pond
  formation etc.
• Rain water harvesting
• Cultivation of less water intensive and more
  remunerative crops(Crop Diversification)
• SRI technology, Precision farming, Sustainable
  Sugarcane Initiatives, Micro Irrigation in a
  larger extent.

7
INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY-CONTD.,

• OBJECTIVE
• To bridge the gap between the irrigation
  potential created and utilized
• To improve the water use efficiency in canal
  irrigated areas
• To ensure Participatory Irrigation Management
• To adopt best possible cropping pattern.
• More income per drop of water.
• To reduce wastage of water and to increase the
  irrigation efficiency.

8
INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY CONTD.,

• EFFICIENCY OF WATER USE
• GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES
• System of Rice Intensification (SRI)
• Increases rice productivity
• Increases water use efficiency - saves 25 water
  requirement
• Adoption of Dapog Nursery (1/8th of the nursery
  area)
• Alternate wetting and drying
• Transplanting 14 days old seedlings.
• Minimizes inputs labour requirement
• Saves cost of cultivation (25 to 30)
• 2013-14 Programme 12 L.Ha
• whole village concept in 2000 villages -1.90 L.Ha
• 57198 Demonstrations under NADP - Rs.17.16 crores

9
INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY CONTD.,

• GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES
• b. Sustainable Sugarcane Initiatives
• Augment the productivity
• Reduce input requirement - planting material
  (Chip bud Nursery), water (Micro-irrigation)
• Increase fertiliser use efficiency - precision
  farming
• Mechanised harvesting possible
• Programme - 20000 Ha - Rs.24.03 crores - NADP
• c. Trash Mulching in Sugarcane - in-situ moisture
  conservation - 5000 Ha -Rs.1.01 crore

10
INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY CONTD.,

• GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES
• d. Redgram Transplantation
• Nursery for one month - saves irrigation water
• Programme - 50000 acres (MI in 10000 acres) -
  Rs.55.60 crores.
• Distribution of rain-gun/ mobile sprinklers and
  use of PULSE WONDER to boost the yield.
• Demonstrations in12500 acres incentives for
  37500 acres besides training the farmers.

11
INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY CONTD.,

• GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES
• e. EXTENT OF USE OF MICRO-IRRIGATION
• more crop/ income per drop of water
• cultivation of high value less water intensive
  crops
• Water Use Efficiency (WUE) increased
• Mission mode approach (NMMI)

Year Area covered (in Ha) Expenditure (Rs. in lakhs) No. of beneficiaries benefitted
2007-08 7820 1560.00 5055
2008-09 11597 2607.18 8997
2009-10 18009 4326.15 14145
2010-11 26154 8364.12 23798
2011-12 27550 8744.67 24556
2012-13 26538 13235.12 22027
2013-14 (upto 31.1.14) 28475 13511.00 23729
Total 146143 52348.24 122307
12
INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY CONTD.,
GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES IAMWARM AED -Achievement Programme for 2014-15 GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES IAMWARM AED -Achievement Programme for 2014-15 GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES IAMWARM AED -Achievement Programme for 2014-15 GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES IAMWARM AED -Achievement Programme for 2014-15 GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES IAMWARM AED -Achievement Programme for 2014-15 GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES IAMWARM AED -Achievement Programme for 2014-15 GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES IAMWARM AED -Achievement Programme for 2014-15 GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES IAMWARM AED -Achievement Programme for 2014-15 GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES IAMWARM AED -Achievement Programme for 2014-15 GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES IAMWARM AED -Achievement Programme for 2014-15 GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES IAMWARM AED -Achievement Programme for 2014-15
Rs.in Lakhs Rs.in Lakhs Rs.in Lakhs Rs.in Lakhs Rs.in Lakhs Rs.in Lakhs Rs.in Lakhs Rs.in Lakhs Rs.in Lakhs Rs.in Lakhs Rs.in Lakhs
Sl No Component Unit Total outlay Total outlay Achievement from inception upto March 2013 Achievement from inception upto March 2013 Target for 2013-14 Target for 2013-14 Programme for 2014-15 Programme for 2014-15
Sl No Component Unit Phy Fin Phy Fin Phy Fin Phy Fin
1 Micro Irrigation Ha 40893 10989 31894 7389 9000 3600 1000 289
2 Farm pond Nos 2691 1316 2138 974 553 343 -- --
3 Farm machinery Nos 800 755 800 755 -- -- -- --
4 Water harvesting structures Nos 884 1979 683 1260 201 719 -- --
5 Buried pipeline package 27 433 12 144 -- -- -- --
6 IEC   -- 367 -- 353 -- 14 -- --
  Total   15839 10874 4676 289
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INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY CONTD.,

• GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES
• MICROIRRIGATION (Contd.,)
• 100 subsidy to Small/Marginal farmers and 75
  subsidy to other farmers
• Developing Micro Irrigation villages (one village
  per District in pilot basis)
• Micro irrigation in crops such as Sugarcane,
  Cotton, Maize, oilpalm and Coconut.
• Distribution of Sprinkler/ Mobile Sprinkler /
  raingun under NFSM Pulses Rs.1.88 crores
• IAMWARM - about 29992 hectares in the sub basin
  areas.

• f. Precision Farming Installation of Drip and
  Fertigation systems in 20,000Ha of Sugarcane area
  _at_ Rs.97,500/-per Ha.
• g. Other water use efficiency measures
• Distribution of conveyance pipes (HDPE LDPE)
• ISOPOM - Oilseeds, Oilpalm Maize
• IAMWARM - 2138 farm ponds, 647 rain water
  harvesting works, 12 improved water conveyance
  systems

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INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY CONTD.,

• GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES
• f. Command Area Development Water Management
  Programme
• Gap between the irrigation potential created and
  utilized
• Water loss through seepage and percolation
• Lack of participation of farmers in water
  management
• salient components of CAD
• Construction of Field Channels control
  structures for proper efficient distribution
• To create awareness and co-operation among
  Farmers to involve in Water Management practices

15
INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY CONTD.,
26 Projects have been completed upto 2012
Sl. No. Name of Command Area covered ha. Amount spent Rs in lakhs Year of inception Year of completion
1 Periyar Vaigai Project 68092 2321.609 1981 82 1994
2 Sathanur Reservoir Project 16405 605.130 1984 85 1994
3 Cumbum Valley Project 7750 766.285 1994 95 1998
4 Lower Bhavani Project 77745 4117.168 1982 83 1999
5 Amaravathy Reservoir Project 19404 1702.672 1995 96 2002
6 Kodayar Chitar Patnamkal Projct 30764 2618.560 1995 96 2003
7 Thoppaiyar Project 1927 174.772 2002 03 2004
8 Krishnagiri Reservoir Project 4343 474.416 2002 03 2005
9 Palar Porandalar Project 7398 850.399 2002 03 2006
10 Parambikulam Aliyar Project 164104 12355.702 1985 86 2007
11 Aanaimaduvu Project 1904 269.163 2004 05 2007
12 Chinnar Reservoir Project 1595 214.509 2004 05 2007
13 Marudanathi River Basin Project 2229 296.700 2004 05 2007
14 Tambiraparani Rver Basin Projct 32124 3498.003 2004 05 2008
15 Gadana,RamnadiRverBasin Prjct 5715 735.056 2004 05 2008
16
INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY CONTD.,
26 Projects have been completed upto 2012
Sl. No. Name of Command Area covered ha. Amount spent Rs in lakhs Year of inception Year of completion
16 Nambiyar River Basin Project 5116 642.945 2004 05 2008
17 Patchaiyar River Basin Project 3814 508.953 2004 05 2008
18 Manimuthar Irrigation system 9501 1260.481 2004 05 2008
19 Cauvery Command Project 634428 34482.754 1981 82 2009
20 Vaniyar Reservoir Project 3758 796.188 2008 09 2010
21 Ichampadi Anaicut Project 2008 347.281 2008 09 2010
22 South Vellar River Basin Project 6016 1349.460 2009 10 2011
23 Gundar Chittar karuppanathi Project 15001 3373.290 2008-09 2012
24 Wellington Reservoir project 9466 2329.070 2008-09 2012
25 Tirukoilur Anaicut Project 9650 2422.100 2008-09 2012
26 Kodivery Anaicut Project 8884 1924.800 2008-09 2012
Total 1149141 80437.466
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INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY-CONTD.,
GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES Provision of Diesel
Engine Pumpset with Rain gun / Portable Sprinkler
Irrigation System for Critical Life Saving
Supplemental Irrigation under NADP To provide
lifesaving / supplementary irrigation to rainfed
crops for avoiding total crop loss, utilizing
rainwater harvested in farm ponds executed in the
individual farmers field by Rural Development and
Panchayat Raj Department under MGNREGS
scheme. To sustain agricultural productivity
and to improve the economic status of the farmers
in rainfed areas through provision of diesel
engine pumpsets with Portable Rain gun /
sprinkler irrigation systems at nominal rental
charges.
18
INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY-CONTD.,

• GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES
• Provision of Solar PV Pumping System with
  automatic tracking facility linked with
  appropriate Micro irrigation system
• To provide energy security to the farmers for
  irrigating the crops with no recurring
  expenditure.
• To promote the use of Green Energy (
  non-conventional energy) in Agriculture sector.
• To improve the water use efficiency using Micro
  irrigation techniques.
• To improve the Agricultural Production and
  Productivity.

19
INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY-CONTD.,

• FUTURE PROSPECTS- TN BUDGET ,2014
• System of Rice Intensification (SRI) which is
  being implemented in an area of 12 L.Ha during
  2013-14 will be further extended in an additional
  area of 1.20 L.Ha during 2014-2015.
• The novel concept of Red Gram Transplantation
  which was adopted in 39125 Ha will be further
  extended to 52000 Ha.
• The Sustainable Sugarcane Initiatives (SSI) which
  is being implemented in 20000 Ha in 2013-14 will
  be further extended in 5000 Ha.
• Precision farming which is being implemented in
  3962 Ha in 2013-14 will be further extended to
  4400 Ha during 2014-2015.
• Micro irrigation will be implemented in 52000 Ha
  with an outlay of Rs.400 crore dovetailed from
  various schemes
• On Farm Development works (CAD WMP) which is
  being implemented in an area of 25900 Ha during
  2013-14 will be further extended in an additional
  area of 19100 Ha during 2014-2015

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EFFICIENT USE OF NUTRIENTS
STRATEGIES

• Macronutrients
• Use of leaf colour chart
• Split application of fertilizers
• Band application of fertilizers
• Placement of fertilizers especially P near the
  root zone
• Application of Neem / sulfur coated fertilizers
  3988 MT of NCU distributed in 2013-14
• Fertigation
• Micronutrients - Foliar application of
  micronutrients
• Expansion of SRI, Precision farming SSI in a
  larger extent.

• FCMS based cropping system
• Integrated Nutrient Management
• Organic fertilizers
• Augmenting the Organic matter content -
  application of compost,green manure and recycling
  farm waste, mulching
• Seed Inoculation with biofertilizers
• Liquid Biofertilizer application
• Application of Phosphorous solubilizing
  bio-fertilizers
• Adoption of organic farming

21
INCREASING NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY contd

• GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES
• FARM CROP MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (FCMS)
• Micro level planning and execution by the
  Agriculture and allied Departments
• A special software package Farm Crop Management
  System developed.
• helps in planning at individual farm level
• aim to bridge the yield gap backed with IT
  enabled extension and strong marketing support
• Advisories issued on various agriculture
  operations to the farmers
• Integrating and synchronizing the efforts of
  various stakeholders in the field of agriculture
  to provide linkage to the post harvest processing
  and marketing

Farmer Data Base
Yield Assessment Market Assistance
Individual Farm Mapping
Crop Plan Development
Systematic Monitoring
Input Assessment
Stakeholders Synergy
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INCREASING NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY contd

• FERTILITY STATUS OF SOIL
• Organic matter content has depleted from 1.26 in
  1980s to 0.68 in 2010-11.
• Nutrient status of Tamil Nadu
• Nitrogen (N) , Phosphorus (P) - low-medium
• Potassium (K) -
  high
• Zinc, Copper ,Iron, Manganese and Boron
  - deficient
• GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES
• SOIL SURVEY LAND USE
• Reconnaissance soil survey at taluk level and
  detailed soil survey at village level - four
  Soil Survey Units
• demarcate the area into soil order series
• study the characteristics of the soil, nutrient
  status, Land irrigability, Land capability, Crop
  suitability etc.
• Soil profile studied and classified according to
  United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).
• Extent of soil mapped on standard topographic
  base maps
• interpreted to recommend survey number wise crop
  management strategies.

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INCREASING NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY contd

• GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES
• SOIL SAMPLING ANALYSIS
• Programmed to collect and analyze soil samples of
  81.18 lakh farm holdings on fast track approach
  in 3 years. So far,
• 65.78 lakh soil samples collected
• 60.33 lakh samples analyzed
• uploading done in FCMS site.
• Action pursued to complete the analysis on
  mission mode approach by employing JRF
• Central Control Laboratory - creating awareness
  on soil-testbased fertiliser use imparting
  training to the laboratory personnel
• 30 STLs 16 MSTLs to expedite soil sample
  analysis
• STLs computerized for uploading details of soil
  samples in AGRISNET
• 46 labs (30STL 16 MSTL) provided with Atomic
  Absorption Spectrophotometers

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INCREASING NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY contd

• GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES
• FARMER INTEGRATED HAND BOOK (FIHB)
• 3 Year record -
• information on type extent of land
• soil nutrition and water status
• recommendations for fertilizer application
• crop wise productivity
• scheme benefits availed.
• Plan of action developed for land preparation,
  optimum use of water, suitable crop with proper
  plant protection measures.
• Programmed to distribute FIHB to all 81.18 Lakh
  farm hoildings - 45 lakhs distributed

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INCREASING NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY contd

• GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES
• GIS BASED SOIL MAPPING FOR SCIENTIFIC FARM
  PLANNING
• Digitalised soil mapping IT enabled
  accessibility of soil database for the farming
  community to
• know the status and suitability of soil
• encourage the farmers to grow more suitable crops
• increase productivity of individual farms
• bridge the yield gap at village, block, district
  and state level
• ensure more appropriate soil and water management
  strategies

• Programme - 6 priority blocks of six selected
  districts to
• identify soil limitations and nutrient removal
  pattern of crops for decisions on soil health
  management.
• survey data will be linked with the cadastral map
• analyse and prepare Nutrient map for all the
  villages in the selected six blocks.
• Provide maps in Geo-PDF format for the user
  agencies.
• Field Maps pertaining to 6 pilot blocks have been
  prepared for processing GIS mapping

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INCREASING NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY contd

• GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES
• Organic farming for sustainable agriculture
• Organic matter content declined from 1.26
  (1980s) to 0.68 (2010-2011)
• Compost from farm waste using Pleurotus
• Vermicomposting of agricultural waste thro demo
  cum training
• Bio-Fertilizer Production Units(15 BFPUs)
  capacity 3850 MT Produce and distribute 3
  strains viz., Azospirillum, Rhizobium and
  Phosphobacteria
• Liquid biofertilizers 5 BFPUs strengthened
  capacity 2.5 lakh litres per annum. Proposal for
  converting the remaining 10 BFPUs for the
  production of liquid bio fertilizer approved by
  the SLSC.
• Blue Green Algae Azolla produced and
  distributed to farmers
• Green manure crop seeds procured and distributed
  to the farmers at a subsidy of 50.
• Enrichment of Soil Fertility through Trash
  Mulching in Sugarcane (2013-14) - 5000 Ha
  Allocation Rs.1.01 crore

27
INCREASING NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY contd

• GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES
• MACRO NUTRIENTS
• Need based fertilizer recommendations based on
  soil testing
• Season-wise, cropwise, farm wise fertilizer
  requirement plans formulated every year.
• Seasonwise supply plan prepared to ensure
  adequate availability of fertilizers
• Distribution of quality fertilizers
• Strict Enforcement of Fertilizer Control Order,
  1985
• collection of samples from wholesale /retail
  outlets manufacturing units,
• analysis of samples through 14 notified
  Government Fertilizer Control Laboratories - It
  is programmed to analyze 17500 fertilizer samples
  every year
• legal action against the distributors who sell
  non-standard fertilizers

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INCREASING NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY contd

• GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES
• MICRO NUTRIENTS
• Atomic Absorption Spectro Photometers in 30 Soil
  Testing Laboratories and 16 Mobile Soil Testing
  Laboratories.
• Micro Nutrient Mixture Production Centre -
  produces 1600 MT of 14 types of notified Micro
  Nutrient Mixtures annually.
• Ensuring quality of MN Mixture - 6 Fertilizer
  Control Laboratories
• Strengthening of MN Mixture Production under NADP
• Modernization of Micro Nutrient Mixture Unit
  Rs. 60 lakhs
• Construction of MN mixture godown Rs.130 lakhs.
  
• Central Control Laboratory - an apex
  Organization which provides widespread awareness
  on soil-testbased fertiliser use, technical
  competence through training to the laboratory
  personnel and ensures the precision and accuracy
  of analysis in the laboratories.

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INCREASING USE EFFICIENCY OF PP CHEMICALS

• GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES
• Awareness on indiscriminate use of chemical
  pesticides
• Fixed plot surveys and roving surveys -
  monitoring and forewarning on pest and diseases
  outbreak.
• Recommendation of Crop and pest specific control
  measures through radio, television, pamphlets,
  campaigns, etc.,
• Sensitization on seed borne diseases - Massive
  Seed Treatment Campaigns
• Promoting knowledge on local production of
  bio-pesticides
• Production of Bio-control agents through
  Government owned 10 Bio-control labs 2
  Integrated Pest Management Centres.
• Distribution of bio-control agents at subsidized
  cost through Agriculture Extension Centres for
  eco-friendly pest management.
• Promoting farmers field based Non Pesticidal
  Management (NPM) awareness programmes

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INCREASING USE EFFICIENCY OF PP CHEMICALS contd

• GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES
• Providing subsidies for technologies that are
  part of IPM and NPM practices.
• IPM technologies from seed to seed are
  popularized among the farmers through Farmers
  Field School - 646 FFS were conducted during
  2013-14 and 19380 farmers were trained in the
  State.
• Demonstrations, On-farm trials, Farmer-Farmer
  interaction and exposure visits are being taken
  up under ATMA.
• Effective implementation of IPM reduction in
  consumption of pesticides from 10926 MT of
  technical grade in 1984-1985 to 2180 MT in
  2012-2013
• Plant Protection Equipments viz., Backpack
  sprayer,Knapsack sparyer,Foot sprayer, Rocker
  sprayer, Power sprayer cum Duster, engine
  operated hydraulic back pack sprayer, battery
  operated Knapsack sprayer NCIPM Light Traps
  have been approved by empanelment for the year
  2013-14 and are being distributed to farmers
  under various subsidy schemes.

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INCREASING USE EFFICIENCY OF PP CHEMICALS contd

• GOVERNMENTS INITIATIVES
• Ensuring Quality of pesticides
• Enforcement of The Insecticide Act, 1968 and
  Insecticide Rules, 1971.
• Ensuring adequate manufacturing supply of
  quality pesticides besides issuing licences as
  per Insecticide Act, 1968.
• Massive campaigns to check sale of spurious
  chemicals
• The pesticide samples analyzed in 15 notified
  Pesticide Testing Laboratories
• NABL accreditation to 2 Pesticide Testing
  Laboratories construction of 6 State Pesticide
  Testing Laboratories
• Analysing capacity 21850 samples
• Samples analysed 16989 (upto Feb,2014)
• Samples of Pseudomonas Trichoderma are analysed
  at TNAU

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THANK YOU