The earliest reports of dehydrating diarrhea were recorded in Sanskrit, predating Christ.

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2

• The earliest reports of dehydrating diarrhea were
  recorded in Sanskrit, predating Christ.
• Hippocrates reported the symptoms of cholera.
• The epidemic cholera was originally largely
  isolated to India, and outbreaks occurred after
  pilgrimages to the Ganges River, in regular
  cyclic fashion.
• The first modern reporting of epidemic cholera
  was from Garcia del Huerto, a Portuguese
  physician working in Gao, India. Yet, no primary
  source of V. cholerae has been determined that
  time.

http//info.bio.cmu.edu/Courses/03441/TermPapers/9
9TermPapers/ChoTox/history.html
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http//www.zmetravel.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/0
5/englishflag-001.jpg
http//images6.fanpop.com/image/photos/36300000/Gr
eat-Britain-image-great-britain-36330842-1600-1200
.jpg
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The first outbreak of Asiatic cholera in Britain
was at Sunderland on the Durham coast during the
Autumn of 1831. From there the disease made its
way northward into Scotland and southward toward
London. Before it had run its course it claimed
52,000 lives.
http//65.107.211.206/health/health10.html http//
www.victorianweb.org/science/health/health10.html
5
????????,????? ?? ??,??????????,????????????,???
????1864-1866 ????????,???????????????????,???????
1865?9????????????????????????????????????,???????
?????????,?????????????????????????,?????? (??)
?????????????????????????????,??????????,????,???
????....????????

• ????????????,p18?1865 ? 9 ? ?????????
• ????http//65.107.211.206/health/health10.html?A
  doctor recalled cholera was something
  outlandish, unknown, monstrous its tremendous
  ravages, so long foreseen and feared, so little
  to be explained,.....?

1865?6-7? ????????????? ???? ????
6
????????

• In 1849 Snow proposed that the "Cholera Poison"
  reproduced in the human body and was spread
  through the contamination of food or water.
  Although he was awarded for this work, without
  the technology and knowledge that we have today,
  Snow had no way to prove his theory.

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Father of epidemiology John Snow 1813-1859
http//www.ph.ucla.edu/epi/snow/broadstreetpump.ht
ml http//www.cvm.uiuc.edu/courses/VP350/cholera/c
holera.html ??????? http//www.ph.ucla.edu/epi/sn
ow.html

• Dr Snow took a sample of water from the pump,
  and, on examining it under a microscope, found
  that it contained "white, flocculent particles."
  By 7 September (1849), he was convinced that
  these were the source of infection, and he took
  his findings to the Board of Guardians of St
  James's Parish, in whose parish the pump fell.
• Though they were reluctant to believe him, they
  agreed to remove the pump handle as an
  experiment. When they did so, the spread of
  cholera dramatically stopped. actually the
  outbreak had already lessened for several days

8

• "Health by the Numbers"

In 1855 William Farr observed that users of
Lambeth Water Company water, taken upstream of
London, had 1/10 the death rate of users of other
water suppliers, who drew their water from the
polluted river downtown. Farr concluded that
sewage-contaminated water caused cholera. Public
health measures slowly followed, but not before
cholera took the life of Louis Pasteur's infant
daughter, Camille.

• http//www.cvm.uiuc.edu/courses/VP350/cholera/chol
  era.html
• http//www.cvm.uiuc.edu/courses/vp350/vp350.html
• http//www.lshtm.ac.uk/library/archives/farr.html

9
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10
http//www.youtube.com/watch?vWq4gCaheLwAfeature
sharet3h56m20s
?????????? ??????????? ? ?????
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??? (1917-1978) ?????????????????????????????????
????(30-100???)???,??????,?????(3-5??)????????,???
?????(??0.35 mg/L),???????????????????????????,???
????,??????,????????,???????????
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???? ??? ????????,?? (??)?????????,????,???????,?
????????????????,?????????................?????,??
???????,??????????,????????,????,????......
????????????????, ????, ?????, 1997 p76
(????????)
15
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???,??????,???????????

• ???????,???,????????????????????1896?,????????????
  ????????????????,??????????,??????????????????
  (Yersinia pestis)???12?,??????????????????????????
  ???????,???????,??????????????????Y.
  pestis??????????,?????????
• ??????????1917?????,22??????,?????????????????30,1
  01?,?? 24,104???,?????????????????????????????????
  ?????????????,??????????????????
• ????????????,????????????????????????????????,????
  ???????????????Emil Adolf von Behring
  (1854-1917)?1890???? (Robert Koch)
  ????????????????,????????????

????????????????2012
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Ian Stewart Lifes other secret the new
mathematics of the living world (?????????,2000?,?
????, ??????