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Hazardous Waste

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Title: Hazardous Waste


1
Hazardous Waste
  • Small quantity generator

An overview of RCRA and UNI standards
University of Northern Iowa EHS Training Program
2
Training Requirements
  • Initial Training
  • Anyone who has not been previously authorized to
    work with hazardous waste at the University of
    Northern Iowa.
  • Annual Refresher Training
  • Required every 12 months for authorized
    generators of hazardous waste.

3
Topics to be covered
  • Laws
  • Identifying hazardous waste
  • Use and management of containers
  • Packaging and labeling
  • Storage
  • Satellite Accumulation Area Requirements
  • Waste Reduction Methods

4
Hazardous waste is regulated by
  • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
  • Authority responsible for regulating all aspects
    of hazardous waste
  • Department of Transportation (DOT)
  • Regulation of hazardous waste transportation
  • Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
  • Regulation of chemicals that represent a security
    threat.

5
Hazardous Waste Law RCRA
  • Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
  • National law for governing the disposal of solid
    and hazardous waste.
  • Under RCRA the Environmental Protection Agency is
    given primary responsibility in promulgating
    detailed regulations in governing the generation,
    transport, treatment, storage and disposal of
    hazardous waste.
  • Affects companies and institutions involved in
    the generation of hazardous waste.

6
Hazardous Waste Law RCRA
  • Cradle to grave status
  • Hazardous waste is regulated from the moment it
    is created through the time of final disposal.
    Generator is forever responsible for their waste.

7
Hazardous Waste Law RCRA
  • Legal actions will be taken against the
    individual or group who did not follow EPA
    regulations and guidelines.
  • Citations and fines will be awarded if the EPA
    finds any misuse.

8
Hazardous Waste Law RCRA
  • Small Quantity Generator Status
  • Hazardous waste is generated at a rate of
    100-1,000 kg/calendar month or less than 1
    kg/calendar month of acutely hazardous waste on a
    regular or intermittent basis.
  • Quantity of waste accumulated on-site may never
    exceed 6000 kilograms (13,200 lbs.)
  • Up to 6,000 kilograms may be stored on-site for
    180 days or 270 days if located 200 miles or more
    from TSDF (Treatment, Storage and Disposal
    Facility.)
  • If waste accumulates in quantities exceeding
    6,000 kilograms or stored for more than 270 days,
    the generator is classified as an operator of a
    storage facility subject to TSDF hazardous waste
    permit requirements unless granted an extension
    by the EPA.

9
What is hazardous waste
  • These can be in a form of a solid, liquid,
    contained gas or sludges.
  • Properties of these products contain harmful
    components that are too dangerous to be sent to
    the landfill, dumped into the sewer system or
    released into the atmosphere.
  • Improper release of hazardous waste may seriously
    threaten the environment and human health.

10
Campus Generators of Hazardous Waste
  • Preservation of Specimens
  • Educational and Research Labs
  • Equipment Repair
  • Building Cleaning and Maintenance
  • Motor Transportation
  • Users of Pesticides and Herbicides
  • Office/Printing Maintenance and Use
  • Food Service

11
Identified Characteristics of Hazardous Materials
Products with the words DANGER, WARNING, or
CAUTION on the product label
12
Identification of Hazardous WasteCommon Symbols
Oxidizer
Explosive
Poison or toxic
Flammable
Environmental Hazard
Corrosive
13
Identification of Hazardous Waste Common Terms
  • Causes severe burns on contact
  • Combustible
  • Explosive
  • Flashpoints less than 140F
  • Oxidizer
  • Poison
  • Pyrophoric

14
Identification of Hazardous WasteHazard
characteristics
  • Ignitability (EPA D001)
  • flammable under certain conditions
  • Corrosivity (EPA D002)
  • corrodes metals
  • high/low pH
  • Reactivity (EPA D003)
  • explodes or has violent reactions
  • Toxicity (EPA D004-D043)
  • harmful or fatal

15
Identification of Hazardous Waste Ignitable Waste
  • Flashpoint less than 60 C or 140 F
  • Solid capable of igniting by friction, moisture
    absorption or spontaneous chemical changes and
    burns so it creates a hazard.
  • Ignitable compressed gas
  • Oxidizer
  • Examples of ignitable waste
  • aluminum powder, petroleum based solvents,
    kerosene, gasoline, paints, degreasers

16
Identification of Hazardous Waste Corrosive Waste
  • Waste that can corrode steel or destroy other
    substances.
  • pH of waste is more than 4 and less than 10.
  • Examples of corrosive waste
  • Caustic or acidic cleaning solutions, laboratory
    chemicals, rust removers, drain cleaners, battery
    acids, and water treatment chemical

17
Identification of Hazardous Waste Reactive
Hazardous Waste
  • Capable of detonating if heated.
  • Capable of detonating at standard temperature and
    pressure.
  • Reacts violently with water.
  • Forms explosive mixtures with air or water.
  • Is a cyanide or sulfide bearing compound that
    have the potential to form toxic gases, vapors or
    fumes between a pH of 2 and 12.5.
  • Generates toxic gases, vapors, or fumes when
    mixed with water.
  • Reactive Waste includes
  • Bleach, dry picric acid, peroxidizable compounds,
    and alkaline metals such as sodium or potassium

18
Identification of Hazardous Waste Toxic Hazardous
Waste
  • Waste that exhibits the characteristic of
    toxicity if using the Toxic Characteristic
    Leachate Procedure (EPA test method 1311).
  • Is listed as a toxic substance in the Material
    Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) .
  • Manufacturers bottle has the word toxic
    written on it or has the toxic symbol (skull and
    crossbones).
  • Examples
  • Pesticides and cleaners
  • Any one of the D listed wastes (D003-D043)

19
Identification of Hazardous Waste Listed
Hazardous Wastes
  • F Listed Wastes
  • Wastes from non-specific sources
  • Solvents from cleaning and degreasing operations
  • Wastewater Treatment
  • K Listed Wastes
  • Created from specific sources
  • Chemical or pesticide manufacturing

20
Identification of Hazardous Waste Listed
Hazardous Wastes
  • P Listed Wastes
  • Acutely hazardous discarded commercial chemical
    products
  • Arsenic Trioxide (gopher bait) and warfarin (rat
    poison)
  • U Listed Wastes
  • Less hazardous discarded commercial chemical
    products
  • Lists can be found on the EPA website at
  • http//www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/index.htmha
    zwaste

21
Other types of hazardous waste found at UNI
  • Mercury thermometers, thermostats and barometers
  • Photographic chemicals and film
  • Lighter fluid
  • Used oil
  • Ceramic glazes with heavy metals
  • Rags and paper towels used for cleanup of oils
    and paints
  • Fertilizers
  • Herbicides and pesticides
  • Turpentine
  • Gas cylinders
  • Nanomaterials
  • Antifreeze

22
If unsure whether the waste created is hazardous
  • Consult your supervisor.
  • Consult with EPA Waste lists.
  • Refer to the products Material Safety Data Sheet.
  • Emergency overview
  • Toxicological Data
  • Firefighting measures
  • Regulatory Information
  • Contact the UNI Environmental Health and Safety
    Office

23
Management of Hazardous Waste
  • Use compatible containers for waste
  • Flammable liquids original manufacturers or UL
    listed containers
  • Concentrated acids or bases-Original containers,
    or 2.5 Liter acid safety bottles
  • Solid waste Plastic high density polyethylene
    bottles
  • Aqueous waste-glass bottles or HDPE plastic
    bottles
  • Milk jugs, soda bottles and food containers
    unacceptable.

24
Management of Hazardous Waste
  • Management of Containers
  • In good condition and not leaking.
  • Container caps must be closed.
  • Incompatible wastes must not be placed in same
    container or stored in close proximity.
  • All containers must be handled to prevent
    failure.
  • Only fill containers as prescribed in the
    Hazardous Waste Management Manual.
  • Funnels are not appropriate lids and should not
    be left in a container while not in use.

25
Management of Hazardous Waste
  • Mixing Hazardous Waste
  • Mix by compatibility-label with Mixed Hazardous
    Waste Container label.
  • Solvents should be separated where possible as
    halogenated (chloroform and methylene chloride)
    and nonhalogenated waste (propanol, methanol, and
    toluene).
  • Halogenated and nonhalogenated organic compounds
    should be separated where possible.
  • Inorganic wastes containing barium, lead and
    cadmium may be mixed together.

26
Nonhazardous Wastes
  • Not considered hazardous by the EPA
  • Restricted from disposal by Cedar Falls
    Department of Public Works
  • Compounds containing zinc, nickel or copper

27
Container Labeling
  • Containers that are improperly labeled or do not
    have a label will not be collected.
  • The following labels are appropriate waste labels
    at the University of Northern Iowa

28
Container Labeling
  • Hazardous Waste Container
  • Name of Product Manufacturers Name_______________
    ____
  • University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls IA 50614
  • EPA 984568584
  • Generator Information (Print)
  • Name_Generator name (if known)___________________
    ___
  • Department_Department where waste
    generated____________
  • Campus Address_4 digit departmental mailing
    code____________
  • Phone__319-273-_Generator phone number_______
  • Box no.Container of_Total of same type of
    waste
  • Department accumulation start dateDate
    accumulation begins
  • HW storage facility start date_Office use only

29
Container Labeling
  • Mixed Hazardous Waste Container
  • University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls IA 50614
  • EPA 984568584
  • Name_Name of generator (if known)_________________
    _ Campus address 4 digit departmental mailing
    code
  • Dept_Department where waste is generated__________
    ____________________
  • Phone Generator phone Box Container of Total
    of similar waste List _Office use only
  • Accumulation Start Date_Date begin accumulating
    waste in container HW facility start date_ Office
    use_only
  • __________________________________________________
    ______________________________________
  • Chemical Name of
    volume
  • Proper Manufacturer name_ _ of
    waste___ Waste Hazards_Additional___
  • No abbreviations or chemical_ _total________
    _waste hazards______
  • allowed__________________ _____________
    Comments_______________
  • ________________________ _____________
    __________________
  • ________________________ _____________ Waste
    Type Inorganic,


  • Nonhalogenated,
  • ________________________ _____________
    Halogenated, Corrosive ,


  • Flammable, Reactive, Toxic
  • ________________________ _____________
    Other, (Circle one)

30
Container Labeling
  • Non-Hazardous Waste Container
  • Name of ProductManufacturers Name________________
    ______
  • University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls IA 50614
  • EPA 984568584
  • Generator Information (Print)
  • Name_ Generator name (if known)____
  • Department_ Department where waste
    generated____________
  • Campus Address_ 4 digit departmental mailing
    code___________
  • Phone__319-273- Generator phone number
  • Box no. Container of_ Total of same type of
    waste
  • Department accumulation start date Date
    accumulation begins
  • HW storage facility start date_ Office use only

31
Segregation of Materials
  • Separate by hazards
  • flammable
  • toxic
  • corrosive
  • reactive
  • Separate by distance and containment.
  • This segregation applies to good and unwanted
    hazardous materials

32
Hazardous Waste Satellite Accumulation Area
  • Defined as a storage area near the point of
    generation and under the control of the operator
    of the process generating the waste.
  • Up to 55 gallons may be accumulated at one
    generation point.
  • When more is accumulated or when a request is
    made to have waste transferred to SB-1 (permanent
    campus waste storage facility), it must be moved
    within 3 days.
  • Storage containers must be appropriately labeled
    with Hazardous Waste Labels.
  • The Rules and Responsibilities must be posted for
    each Hazardous Waste Satellite Accumulation Area.

33
Hazardous Waste SatelliteAccumulation Area
Rules and Responsibilities
  • Generator Responsibility
  • Generator makes hazardous waste determinations.
  • Provides MSDS sheets for every type of waste
    generated.
  • Provides shipping containers.
  • Accumulation containers
  • Waste is accumulated in proper containers.
  • Container is properly closed.
  • Accumulation containers are allowed adequate head
    space.

34
Hazardous Waste SatelliteAccumulation Area
Rules and Responsibilities
  • Container labeling
  • Containers labeled with approved labels.
  • Hazardous materials/constituents of containers
    are identified.
  • Write date when accumulation begins.
  • If possible transfer full containers to the
    permanent waste storage facility.
  • Ensure waste from discontinued projects,
    experiments, cleanouts and storage areas
    transferred to the permanent waste storage
    facility.

35
Hazardous Waste Satellite Accumulation Area
Rules and Responsibilities
  • Satellite Accumulation Area Requirements
  • Readily available spill kits
  • Area should be at or near area of generation.
  • Liquid waste should be in secondary containment.
  • Generator control
  • If more than one generator shares the same
    satellite area, each generator is responsible for
    their waste.

36
Preparation for Transport
  • Compressed cylinders transported with valve caps
    on. Lecture bottles packed in shipping box with
    peanuts.
  • Pack bottles 2.5 liters or larger in original
    shipping container or in flip top shipping
    container.
  • Containers of 1 liter or less will be packed in
    flip top shipping containers.
  • Pump and hydraulic oil should be placed in
    original container or in 5 gallon safety can.
  • MSDS sheets must accompany waste.
  • Email workorder to PHPworkorders_at_uni.edu to have
    waste picked up.

37
Reduction of Hazardous WasteLegal Treatment
Methods
  • Consolidation of heavy metals in accumulation
    containers.
  • Neutralization of acids and bases. Does not
    include toxic acids such as hydrofluoric,
    perfluoric or chromic acids.
  • Where it is written into the experimental
    procedure.

38
Reduction of Hazardous WasteWaste Minimization
Methods
  • Maintain a proper inventory of chemicals.
  • Order on an as needed basis.
  • Never order in bulk unless it will be used in
    less than 1 years time.
  • Substitute hazardous chemicals with non-hazardous
    ones.
  • Whenever possible do not mix non-hazardous wastes
    with hazardous wastes.
  • Use non-mercury containing equipment.

39
Reduction of Hazardous WasteRecycling and Reuse
  • Fluorescent bulbs
  • LCD projection labs
  • Rechargeable batteries
  • Certain types of photographic film
  • PCB Light ballasts
  • Oil and Paint Rags

40
Special disposal
  • Sharps, needles, and syringes
  • Building services provides containers for
    collection of all sharps and collects them when
    they are full.
  • Laboratory glassware
  • Glassware (including chemical containers) should
    be placed in a puncture resistant box prior to
    disposal in the dumpster.

41
Environmental Health and Safety
  • Dean Shoars- UNI Safety Officer
    27(3)-3189
  • Wendel Reece-UNI Safety Manager
    27(3)-7269
  • Jason Kayser-Fire andSafety Specialist
    27(3)-2004
  • Gordon Krueger-Environmental Safety
  • Specialist / RSO
    27(3)-3445

42
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