Gaseous exchange systems

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Gaseous exchange systems

• Biology 2 Form and Function

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Gaseous exchange in animals

• Respiratory surfaces must be kept moist and
  maximize surface area
• Small, aquatic animals may use direct diffusion
• Medium aquatic animals use gills
• All exchange systems (gases, heat, wastes) use
  counter-current mechanism
• Larger aquatic animals use ventilation
• Terrestrial animals internalized respiratory
  surface (lungs)

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Lower blood pH and higher blood temperatures
facilitate oxygen unloading
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Gaseous exchange in plants

• Plants must
• Receive CO2 to fix carbon (photosynthesis)
• Remove O2 as a byproduct of photosynthesis, and
  receive O2 for respiration
• So that plants can control gaseous exchange, it
  only occurs at particular pores called stomata
  that regulate flow
• Stomata also play a key role in controlling
  transpiration

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Stomata - the movie