Vaccines: HPV and HIV

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Vaccines HPV and HIV
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ImmuneSystem
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Taking in food and oxygen exposes us to pathogens
esophagus
stomach
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Pathogen an organism that causes disease
CB 18.2
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E. coli
Phage virus
Ebola
Fungus from soil
various pathogens
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Viruses only harm cells by invading them and
using the cell to reproduce
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Living organisms must fit all of the following
criteria 1. They must have organization. 2.
They must have metabolism. 3. They must respond
to the environment. 4. They must be able to
reproduce themselves.
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CB 6.6
A typical bacteria
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CB 52.12
The rapid growth of bacteria
stationary
exponential
lag
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Human Population Growth
CB 52.22
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36.4
9
2.3
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How much of our society is based on continuing
population increases?
36.4
9
2.3
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CB 6.6
A typical bacteria
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What do bacteria do?from a human perspective

• Good
• Decay dead material
• Help digest food
• Protect body from bad bacteria
• Nitrogen fixation
• Produce oxygen

• Bad
• Cause disease
• Food poisoning
• STDs
• Cavities
• Infections of skin or body
• Spoil food/infect crops

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CB 54.17
The nitrogen cycle
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Nitrogen as part of amino acids and nucleotides
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What do bacteria do?from a human perspective

• Good
• Decay dead material
• Help digest food
• Protect body from bad bacteria
• Nitrogen fixation
• Produce oxygen

• Bad
• Cause disease
• Food poisoning
• STDs
• Cavities
• Infections of skin or body
• Spoil food/infect crops
• 40 of planted food does not make it to table

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Evolution in Action
Resistance of bacteria to antibiotics
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What do bacteria do?from a human perspective

• Good
• Decay dead material
• Help digest food
• Protect body from bad bacteria
• Nitrogen fixation
• Produce oxygen

• Bad
• Cause disease
• Food poisoning
• STDs
• Cavities
• Infections of skin or body
• Spoil food/infect crops
• 40 of planted food does not make it to table

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Taking in food and oxygen exposes us to pathogens
esophagus
stomach
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The Immune System
CB 43.2

• Specific
• B-cells -gt antibodies
• T-cells

• Non-specific
• barriers

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Non-Specific Immune System Barriers
Skin- Dry Inhospitable Competition Secret
ions (lysozyme) Hairs and Mucus (protect
openings) Traps particles, swallowed Stomach
acid kills pathogens
CB 43.2
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CB 43.2
Skin protects us from most pathogens
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Non-Specific Immune System Barriers
Skin- Dry Inhospitable Competition Secret
ions (lysozyme) Hairs and Mucus (protect
openings) Traps particles, swallowed Stomach
acid kills pathogens
CB 43.2
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esophagus
stomach
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Non-Specific Immune System Barriers
Skin- Dry Inhospitable Competition Secret
ions (lysozyme) Hairs and Mucus (protect
openings) Traps particles, swallowed Stomach
acid kills pathogens
CB 43.2
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How do vaccines to work?By pre-activating the
bodys immune system.