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Buddhism

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Title: Buddhism


1
Buddhism
Googleimages.com
2
A Way of Life
  • To many, Buddhism goes beyond religion and is
    more of a philosophy or 'way of life'
  • The major tenets are
  • (1) to lead a moral life(2) to be mindful
    and aware of thoughts and actions(3) to develop
    wisdom and understanding
  • (Introduction to Buddhism)

3
Who was the Buddha?
  • Born Siddhartha Gautama in 563 B.C.E.
  • He was of the noble caste in India
  • At the age of 29 he rejected the life of luxury
  • He sought enlightenment and the solution to
    suffering (Introduction to Buddha)

Googleimages.com
4
The Wandering Ascetic
  • He followed a strict ascetic lifestyle for six
    years
  • Then he realized even this was too extreme
  • He became Buddha, the Awakened Oneat the age of
    35
  • He spent the remaining 45 years of his life
    teaching others how to achieve the peace of mind
    he had achieved
  • (Introduction to Buddha)

5
The Four Noble Truths
  • 1- To live is to suffer
  • 2- The cause of suffering is self-centered desire
    attachments
  • 3- The solution is to eliminate desire and
    attachment, thus achieving Nirvana (extinction)
  • 4- The way to Nirvana is through the Eight-Fold
    Path

  • (Introduction to Buddhism)

6
What is the Eight-Fold Path?
  • Wisdom
  • Right understanding
  • Right motivation
  • Moral discipline
  • Right speech
  • Right action
  • Right livelihood
  • Mental discipline
  • Right effort
  • Right mindfulness
  • Right meditation

7
Three Marks of Existence
  • Anicca (Sanskrit anitya) impermanence
  • Dukkha (Sanskrit duhkha) unsatisfactoriness
  • Anatta (Sanskrit anatman) non-self
  • (Three Marks of Existence)

8
Buddhist Metaphysics
  • Dukkha life in this world is filled with
    suffering
  • Anicca everything in this world is impermanent
  • Anatta the self/soul is also impermanent there
    is no eternal, unchanging self (no soul no
    atman)
  • (Metaphysics)

9
What do Buddhists believe?
  • Rebirth (reincarnation) results from attachments
    (karma)
  • Nirvana is a peaceful, detached state of mind
  • Once Gautama Buddha died, after 80 years of life
    in this world, having achieved Nirvana and
    teaching multitudes his way of life, he ceased to
    exist as a distinct being
  • Buddhism is non-theistic Buddha is not the
    Buddhist God he is just a revered teacher

10
How are Buddhism and Hinduism Similar?
  • Buddhists and Hindus believe
  • Karma is a cycle of cause and effect
  • Similar actions will lead to similar results
    (Santina)
  • Dharma is duty
  • Samsara is the cycle of rebirth
  • (Major Differences)

11
How are Buddhism and Hinduism Different?
  • Buddhism rejects
  • Authority of the ancient Vedic texts
  • The Vedic caste system
  • The Vedic and Hindu deities
  • The efficacy of Vedic worship and ritual
  • The concept of Brahman
  • (Major Differences)

12
For Example
  • There are no supreme dieties in Buddhism
  • Buddha is not an Avatar, he is a holy man
  • Buddha is omniscient, not omnipotent
  • Moksha is happiness on earth while Nirvana is an
    escape from it entirely
  • (Major Differences)

13
Schools of Buddhism - Theravada
  • Oldest school of Buddhism
  • Found in southern Asia (Sri Lanka, Burma,
    Thailand, etc.)
  • Monasticism is the ideal life for achieving
    Nirvana
  • A do-it-yourself approach to enlightenment
  • Focus on wisdom and meditation
  • Goal is to become a Buddha
  • Pali Canon word of Buddha
  • (Theravada Ideal)

Buddhanet.net
14
Schools of Buddhism - Mahayana
  • Developed first century C.E.
  • Found in Northern Asia (China, Japan, etc.)
  • Buddhism for the masses
  • Group, not individual end to suffering
  • Believe Buddhas can help lead to enlightenment
  • "Agamas" as well as Pali Canon
  • Diverse schools and sects
  • (Bodhisattva Ideal)

Buddhanet.net
15
Schools of Buddhism - Tibetan
  • Developed 7th century C.E.
  • A mix of Theravada Mahayana
  • Rituals (Tantra)
  • Mantras (chanting)
  • Mandalas Thankas (symbolic images)
  • Mudras (hand gestures)
  • Bodhisattvas, including living Lamas (Dalai Lama)
  • Scriptures
  • Between the 11th and 14th centuries, the Tibetans
    translated every available Buddhist text into
    Tibetan..
  • Tibetan Book of the Dead

Buddhanet.net
16
Schools of Buddhism Zen
  • The meditation school
  • Seeks sudden enlightenment (satori) through
    meditation, arriving at emptiness (sunyata) and
    the Buddha Nature
  • Use of meditation masters (Roshi)
  • Beauty, arts aesthetics gardens, archery, the
    tea ceremony, calligraphy, etc.

17
What are some Buddhist texts?
  • Tripitaka aka the Three Baskets
  • Vinaya (discipline) rules for monastic life
  • Sutta (discourse) sermons of the Buddha
  • Abhidhamma (metaphysical teachings)
  • Dhammapada collected sayings of the Buddha

18
The Spread of Buddhism
  • Within two centuries after the Buddha died,
    Buddhism began to spread north and east into Asia
  • By 13th century Buddhism had disappeared from
    India

Buddhanet.net
19
Buddhist Populations
Buddhanet.net
20
A quick note about the Citations
  • All of the information in this presentation comes
    from Buddhanet.net
  • The citations reference the articles on the cite

21
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