Along the Thames River

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Along the Thames River
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The route of the excursion

1. Tower bridge
2. Tower of London
3. London bridge
4. St Paul Cathedral
5. The Globe
6. Cleopatras Needle
7. London Eye
8. The Houses of Parliament
9. Big Ben
10. Westminster Abbey
11. Westmisnter bridge

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Why the Thames?

• London has an estimated population of 7.5 million
  (as of 2005) and a metropolitan area population
  of between 12 and 14 million.
• The Thames is130 kilometres long. The English
  people call it The Father of London

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Tower Bridge
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Tower Bridge

• It was opened in 1894 and its a masterpiece of
  Victorian engineering and architecture.

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The Ceremony of the Keys

• Halt! Who goes there?
• The Keys.
• Whose Keys?
• Queen Elizabeths Keys.
• God preserve Queen Elizabeth.
• Amen!

• These words can be heard every night just
• before 10 o'clock. They mean that the Tower
• of London has been locked up the night. The
• Ceremony of the Keys is at least 700 years old!

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Tower of London
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• It is the oldest and the most important
• building, surrounded by other towers,
• which all have different names. The most
• striking of them is the White Tower with
• the four corner towers, none of which is like
• the others. The Bloody Tower were used as
• prison. In the Green Tower only most
• notorious victims found their death.

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• What is the Tower?
• Throughout its 900-year history the Tower has
  been many things a palace, a fortress, a prison,
  a place of execution, and even a zoo.
• Today, the Tower is best known as a historical
  museum and more than 2 million people visit it
  each year.

• About 150 people an
• eight ravens live in the
• Tower. And of course
• the hole place is
• crawling with ghosts.
• The walls of the
• Tower are 5 meters
• thick.

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• There are now twenty towers placed at intervals
  round the two defensive curtain walls, which were
  added by Henry III and his son Edward I in 1078
• The biggest draw in the Tower are the Crown
  Jewels, which contain thousands of priceless
  jewels, including the legendary Koh-I-noor
  diamond
• The tower is manned by the Yeomen Warders (known
  as Beefeaters), who act as tour guides, provide
  discreet security, and are something of a tourist
  attraction. Every evening, the warders
  participate in the Ceremony of the Keys, as the
  Tower is secured for the night.
• In deference to an ancient legend, a number of
  ravens are fed at the Tower at government
  expense so long as the ravens remain at the
  Tower (which is ensured by trimming the flight
  feathers of the ravens), Britain is safe from
  invasion. Legend also says that should the ravens
  leave the Tower of London, the White Tower will
  crumble and the Monarch will fall, thus, the
  ravens are the palladium of the realm. The names
  of the eight ravens currently in the tower are
  Gwylum, Thor, Hugine, Munin, Branwen, Bran,
  Gundulf, and Baldrick. In 2006, ahead of the H5N1
  avian flu scare, the ravens were moved indoors.

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Beefeaters
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• There are two letters, ?. R., on the front of
  Beefeaters' tunics. They stand for the Queen's
  name Elizabeth Regina. The uniform is as it used
  to be in Tudor times.
• Their everyday uniform is black and red, but on
  state occasions they wear ? ceremonial dress
  fine red state uniforms with the golden and black
  stripes and the wide lace-collar, which were in
  fashion in the 16th century.

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Beefeaters' secrets

1. When was the Tower founded?
2. Who founded it?
3. What is the symbol of the Tower?
4. What legend about Tower ravens do you know?
5. Who guards the Tower?
6. What famous prisoners were there?
7. For many centuries it served as ( continue)

• Keys
• 1. In XIth century
• 2. William the Conqueror
• 3. Ravens
• 4. If they leave the Tower the kingdom will fall.
  
• 5. Yeomen warders or Beefeaters
• 6. Queen Anne Boleyn, Guy Fawkes and Princess
  Elizabeth
• 7. fortress, palace, state prison, royal treasury

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London Bridge

• 1616

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• In 1014 the bridge was pulled down to prevent the
  
• Danes from attacking London
• London Bridge is falling down
• Londons burning
• Fetch the ending
• Fire, Fire
• Pour on water
• In 1960 a very rich American bought the old
• London Bridge. He wanted to show it to people for
  
• money

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The Plague

• In 1665 London was a busy, rich and crowded
  city. More than 400.000 people lived. But the
  narrow streets were very dirty. Rubbish was
  thrown into the streets. The smell in some places
  was unbearable.
• London was a very busy port and lots of ships
  came there daily. One day together with some
  goods, the Great Plague arrived in London. People
  fell ill, one after another, and in ten days
  died. Whole families died.
• In a few months nearly 100.000 died, about 1/3
  of the population.
• It was the winter cold that saved the city and
  the people. By December many who had gone away
  from London returned. Houses and theatres, shops
  and inns opened. London was itself again.

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The Great Fire in 1666
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• Another great disaster came to London in 1666
• A young and careless baker left a bundle of wood
  near a very hot oven.
• In a few hours big flames were seen all along the
  narrow streets.
• Booksellers carried valuable books into the
  cellers of St.Pauls Cathedral. There, they
  thought, they would be perfectly safe. But within
  a few hours the books were buried.
• The fire destroyed the water-wheel, so there was
  no more water to put
• out the fire, and soon 3 000 houses were in
  flames. The next day the wind
• changed, but nearly half the City was ruined.
• But the fire really came as a blessing in
  disguise. It swept away the
• dirty crowded houses and the Plague.
• Under the genius of Sir Christopher Wren, a new
  St.Paul's and partly a new London with wider
  streets and healthier stone houses, arose from
  the ashes of the old City.

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St. Pauls Cathedral was built after the Great
Fire of 1666 by Sir Christopher Wren, a brilliant
mathematician and engineer, who designed many
famous buildings in London.
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St Paul Cathedral

• It took Sir Christopher Wren thirty-five years to
  finish St. Pauls. When
• Wren died he was buried in his own magnificent
  building. Si monumentum requires circumspice. (If
  you seek my monument, then look around you.)

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• The cathedral is hundred and ten metres ,515 ft
  long and 180 ft wide. Its famous dome is the
  largest church dome in the world after St.Peter's
  in Rome.
• You can climb the 627 steps up to the dome.

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Whispering Gallery

• Inside the dome is the Whispering Gallery. If you
  Whisper close to the wall on one side of the
  dome, you can be heard on the other side.

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Inside there is a wonderful mixture of
architectural work, paintings, mosaics and
statues which are monuments to generals and
admirals who are buried there and among them
Admiral Nelson and Wellington.
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The Globe
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Shakespaire
people say that the reason was his love of
poetry and theatre. But there is another story
which says that he had to run away from law
because he killed some deer belonging to a rich
man. In London Shakespeare began to act and to
write plays and soon ' became an important member
of a well-known acting company. Most of his plays
were performed in the new Globe Theatre built on
the bank of the River Thames. In 1613 he stopped
writing and went to live in Stratford where he
died in 1616. Four hundred years later his plays
are still acted not only in England but in
the whole world.
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Cleopatras Needle
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• Its a sixty-foot(18,3 m) Egyptian obelisk that
  was presented to Britain in 1819
• It dates from 1475 BC, which makes it Londons
  oldest monument

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London Eye

• The London is the tallest observation heel in the
  world. You go up for 30 minutes, flying high over
  London. From the top of the wheel you can see all
  over London. You see Buckingham Palace with all
  is gardens, you go right over Big Ben and the
  Houses of Parliament and see Nelsons Column and
  other famous London landmarks.

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Airways London Eye, a 450 foot high (137m)
observation wheel that offers spectacular views
over London.
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The Houses of Parliament
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Big Ben
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• The Clock Tower is 318 feet high. The man in
  charge of building was Sir Benjamin Hall. The man
  was very tall and the workers and his friends
  called him Big Ben. So they called the bell Big
  Ben too

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Westminster Abbey
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• It is the work of many hands and different ages.
• The oldest part of the building dates from the
  8th century. It was a monastery the West Minster.
• Since the time of William the Conqueror
  Westminster Abbey has been the crowning place of
  the kings and queens of England. The Abbey is
  sometimes compared with a mausoleum, because
  there are tombs and memorials of almost all
  English monarchs, many statesmen, famous
  scientists, writers and musicians.
• There is also the Grave of the Unknown Warrior, a
  symbol of nation's grief.

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Westminster bridge
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Elton John - The Bridge

• I've seen the bridge and the bridge is long
• And they built it high and they built it strong
• Strong enough to hold the weight of time
• Long enough to leave some of us behind
• chorus
• And every one of us has to face that day
• Do you cross the bridge or do you fade away
• And every one of us that ever came to play
• Has to cross the bridge or fade away
• Standing on the bridge looking at the waves
• Seen so many jump, never seen one saved
• On a distant beach your song can die
• On a bitter wind, on a cruel tide
• repeat chorus
• And the bridge it shines
• Oh cold hard iron
• Saying come and risk it all
• Or die trying

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Try to match English proverbs with Russian ones.
A. He will never set the Thames on fire. B. Much water has flown under the bridges since. C. A great ship asks deep waters. D. Sink or swim. E. Never cross a bridge till you come to it. F. Still waters run deep. G. To come out dry. H. To draw water with a sieve. I. To break the ice. 1. ????? ????? ?? ????. 2. ?????? ???? ? ??????. 3. ?? ?????? ?? ????????. 4. ???????? ??????? ??????? ????????. 5. ????? ???? ?????? ? ??? ???. 6. ? ????? ????? ????? ???????. 7. ??????? ???. 8. ???? ?? ????. 9. ?????? ??????? - ? ??? ?? ??????

• Keys A 3, B5, C4, D8, E9, F6, G1, H2, I7.

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????????? Londons sights.

• Now we will see who was the most careful
  traveller. Please, answer our quiz questions
• What is the London Eyes hight?
• What is the oldest monument in London?
• What cultural centre houses displays of art works
  from the Hermitage Museum in St.Petersburg?
• What is Somerset House famous for?
• What museum contains the collection of twentieth
  century art?
• What bridge was built to link Bank side with St.
  Pauls Cathedral on the north bank?
• What bridge was built by Romans?
• What ship is now a floating museum?
• What new information about the Tower of London
  have you learnt?
• What can you tell about Tower Bridge?
• The seat of the British government is
• a) The House of Parliament b)
  Piccadilly Circus c) Hyde Park
• 12. The Americans bought
• a)Tower Bridge b) London Bridge c)
  Statue of Nelson

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Keys

1. 137 metres
2. Cleopatras Needle
3. Somerset House
4. for Impressionist and Post-Impressionist
   Paintings
5. Tate Gallery
6. Millennium Bridge
7. London Bridge
8. Ship Belfast
9. about collection of Crown Jewels
10. Its a masterpiece of Victorian engineering and
    architecture.
11. ?
12. b.

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We are different we are alike
Common points London Moscow
Towers The Tower The Kremlin
Treasures Crown Jewel The Armory
Churches St Paul Cathedral Christ the Saviour
Fire 1666 1812
Tower-clocks Big Ben Spaskaya tower
Round architecture The Globe Luzhniki
London Eye The Gorki park
Rulers Victoria Victoria's granddaughter
big dipper Elizabeth I Ivan the Terrible
Cathedrals Westminster Abbey The Novodevichy Convent
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Different points
London Moscow
Rivers length 334 ?? 502 ??
Rivers width 200250 ?, 120 - 200 ?
City size 1,577 km² 1,081 km²
Inhabitants 8,355,400 10,514,400 
founded  in AD 43 as Londinium Before 1147