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BIOFUSE Effects of biodiversity on the functioning and stability of marine ecosystems

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Title: BIOFUSE Effects of biodiversity on the functioning and stability of marine ecosystems


1
BIOFUSEEffects of biodiversity on the
functioning and stability of marine ecosystems
European scale comparisonswww.marbef.org/projects
/biofuse
  • Summary of outcomes
  • Workshop 4
  • Pisa 2008

2
Objectives of Workshop 4
  • Examine results to date from each element of
    BIOFUSE
  • Finalise data sets for meta-analyses
  • Finalise details of the deployment of the complex
    experiment
  • Agree principles for data management and
    archiving
  • List potential papers and agree on principles of
    authorship
  • Distribute tasks for each potential manuscript.
  • Finalise plans for outreach activities
  • Discuss the potential continuation of different
    elements of BIOFUSE

3
1. Summary of results from each element
  • All presentations summarising preliminary results
    are being made available on restricted area of
    BIOFUSE website
  • 0.5 1 page summaries requested from each
    element leader to be incorporated into progress
    report (deliverable due end Jan 2008)

4
2. Finalise data sets for meta-analyses
  • set of databases for meta-analysis for objective
    1 is now complete manuscript in advanced state
  • 21 databases already submitted for meta-analysis
    for objectives 2-4
  • deadline for submission of databases for
    objectives 2-4 is March 2008

5
3. Finalise details of deployment of complex
experiment
  • presentation clarifying details of assemblages to
    be made and deployed by each partner available on
    restricted area of BIOFUSE website
  • all will be deployed within next few weeks
    (weather permitting)
  • agreed to sample (a) community structure (b) NPP
    community respiration on basis of rate of
    change of oxygen concentration in water using
    simple chambers on shore and optical oxygen probe
  • first measurement within 2 months of deployment
    last approx 12 months 3-4 month intervals for
    sampling of community
  • If plates remain in place, the experiment may be
    extended

6
4. Agree principles for data management and
archiving
  • data to be shared and archived in Marine Data
    Archive, run by VLIZ (http//mda.vliz.be)
  • presentation by Leen Vandepitte available on
    restricted area of BIOFUSE website
  • BIOFUSE folder already exists in the shared
    area, subfolders will be created for each element
    of biofuse
  • will be accessible to all BIOFUSE researchers
    using MARBEF login password
  • All will have authority to download datasets in
    all subfolders. Ony leaders of writing teams will
    have authority to upload or change datasets.
    Submitted datasets should only be changed in
    consultation with the leader of the writing team.

7
4. Agree principles for data management and
archiving
  • Basis for authorship use of compiled database
    of existing data sets
  • authorship not automatic, need to make some
    contribution to the development of the
    manuscript opportunities to contribute to be
    made for all potential co-authors (as per agreed
    schedule). data owner to decide list of
    potential co-authors.
  • Authorship of papers from empirical research done
    during BIOFUSE
  • all contributors have authorship leader of the
    element has first refusal of lead authorship
  • contributors should be restricted to those with
    significant role in the work who could discuss
    and defend it (generally max of 3 per
    institution). Technical assistants should be
    listed in the acknowledgements.

8
4. Agree principles for data management and
archiving
  • All BIOFUSE data exclusively available to BIOFUSE
    members until end of MARBEF.
  • Prior to publication of biofuse papers, meta-data
    made visible to whole of MARBEF. Potential users
    must contact data owners, initially via a
    designated contact person.
  • After BIOFUSE papers published, BIOFUSE-generated
    data to be made publicly available.
  • Pre-existing data sets submitted for
    meta-analysis cannot be downloaded without
    permission from original owners
  • Users will be obliged to cite datasets using a
    prescribed citation including the Marine Data
    Archive web address.
  • In all cases, data users must acknowledge MARBEF
    in accordance with MARBEF policy

9
4. Agree principles for data management and
archiving
  • The agreed principles will be incorporated into a
    formal Declaration of Mutual Understanding on
    Data Sharing to be drafted by M Cusson L
    Vandepitte circulated for agreement of BIOFUSE
    community

10
5. List potential papers and agree on principles
of authorship
For each, decide - lead author - core writing
team - list of groups/co-authors -
timeframe completion, milestones - publishable
units combine or subdivide? key findings -
likely target journals
  • Objective 1
  • meta-analysis
  • sampling programme
  • Objectives 2-4
  • meta-analysis
  • simple experiment
  • rocky shore
  • seagrass
  • sedimentary shore
  • comparison of habitats
  • complex experiment
  • overall integration

now
later
11
5. List potential papers and agree on principles
of authorship
  • Principles of authorship
  • individuals have been nominated to lead analysis
    and authorship of each element
  • those individuals are entitled to first
    authorship of paper or papers emerging from that
    element, but may appoint different first authors
    depending on input
  • second author will be person with second greatest
    input to write up
  • other co-authors to be listed in alphabetical
    order
  • last author of appropriate papers would generally
    be T Crowe or L Benedetti-Cecchi

12
  • Broad Scale Patterns And Sources Of Variation In
    Biodiversity-Ecosystem Functioning Relationships
  • Chairs Magda Vincx Katja Philippart Tasman
    Crowe Steve Hawkins Lisandro Benedetti-Cecchi
    Over-extraction of resources, degradation of
    coastal and benthic habitats from coastal
    development and destructive fishing practices,
    pollution and climate change are causing
    extensive loss of marine habitats and
    biodiversity. These losses can have drastic
    impacts on the stability and functioning of
    ecosystems with potential for further impacts on
    community structure. Although they remain poorly
    understood, generalisations about the nature of
    these impacts are beginning to emerge.
    Characterising variation in biodiversity-ecosystem
    functioning (BEF) relationships in the marine
    environment will greatly improve our capacity to
    assess consequences for marine ecosystems of
    threats imposed by humans.This session aims to
    identify general patterns and sources of
    variation in BEF relationships by focusing on (1)
    broad scale comparisons of findings from marine
    BEF research, investigating the effect on
    ecosystem functioning of changes in organisms
    including microbiota, meiofauna and macrobiota
    (2) large scale comparisons of the effect of
    ecosystem changes (e.g. human disturbance,
    climate change, ocean acidification) on the
    functional and structural aspects of marine
    biodiversity.

13
Abstracts to be submitted to WCMB
  • Oral
  • objective 1 meta-analysis and sampling
    programme (Cusson)
  • objectives 2-4 combined findings of simple
    experiments (Crowe)
  • additional conceptual paper? (Paterson /
    Benedetti Cecchi?)
  • Posters
  • simple expt rocky shore (Jenkins)
  • simple expt seagrass (Terrados)
  • simple expt sediment (Aspden)
  • meta-analysis objectives 2-4? (Bulleri)

14
6. Distribute tasks for each potential manuscript
  • Leaders, small core writing teams and timetables
    for analysis, writing and completion of each
    element were agreed
  • Lists of potential co-authors to be provided by
    representatives of each institution involved in
    each element
  • Potential co-authors will have opportunity to
    comment on drafts circulated at each milestone
    specified on timetable for completion
  • Details are available in a word document in the
    restricted area of the BIOFUSE website

15
7. Finalise plans for outreach activities
  • presentation of preliminary findings of survey of
    attitudes of students to conservation of marine
    biodiversity available on BIOFUSE website
  • all additional data to be submitted by March 2008
  • plans in place for a publication for MARBEF
    newsletter perhaps for a journal article (see
    document on BIOFUSE website)
  • R Aspden invited interested parties to become
    involved in development of educational video
    its translation into additional languages
  • I Sousa Pinto invited interested parties to
    extend the MobiDic programme of school monitoring
    programmes

16
8. Discuss the potential continuation of
different elements of BIOFUSE
17
Sampling programmeplanned extension
  • Rationale
  • further, more extensive test of existing
    hypotheses
  • fulfil strategic requirement for long term data
    sets, particularly those replicated at an
    international scale
  • Approach
  • retain all sites, sample with random quadrats
    only
  • try to continue to do winter and summer if
    impractical, do only summer
  • indefinite time frame, 10-15 years likely
  • Participants
  • UCD, UP, Lecce, AAU, CIMAR, AWI-Helgoland, EMI
  • MBA / UoP (SJH/RCT) to be approached
  • other potential participants could also be
    invited to initiate programmes (eg Spain, Greece)

18
Any Other Business
  • Klemens Brittas Eriksson proposed analysis of
    biofuse data

19
Appendix
  • agreed points regarding sampling programme
  • clarification of rationale and analysis of simple
    experiment

20
Sampling programmefurther analysis
  • wait until datasets are complete (ie after the
    final sampling event (this winter))
  • always use best estimate of total diversity as
    the predictor variable
  • explore alternative response variables , e.g.
    measures of variance, aggregate measures (eg
    cover, biomass)
  • partial out characterise influence of seasonal
    variation
  • multivariate analysis
  • stability of individual populations versus
    diversity of assemblage
  • functional diversity

21
Simple experimentresponse variables
  • Structure
  • Taxon richness
  • Functional richness
  • Evenness (on final biomass only (else combines
    cover abund))
  • Total cover, cover of particular taxa / groups
  • Abundance of selected species
  • Final biomass
  • Community structure bray curtis (mean and
    variance, MVDISP)
  • (Body size of animals (based on final sample))
  • Function
  • Community respiration, NPP, GPP
  • Secondary productivity (?)
  • Nutrient fluxes (seagrass)

22
Simple experiment
  • Hypothesis loss of key species will affect
    resistance and resilience of system to
    disturbance, i.e.
  • (a) there will be a greater/lesser difference
    between disturbed and undisturbed treatments when
    key species absent than when present
  • (b) difference between disturbed and undisturbed
    treatments will take longer/less time to
    disappear in absence of key species than in its
    presence

23
Simple experiment - design
1
Location
Loss ofbiodiversity
- key taxon
key taxon
Disturbance
Replicates
24
Simple experiment hypothesised outcome
response variable
not disturbed
disturbed
- key species
key species
25
Simple experiment - analysis
  • Hypothesis predicts an interaction between the
    factors loss of biodiversity and disturbance
    (which may also vary among locations)
  • Therefore needs analysis capable of detecting
    interaction
  • ANOVA (or 2 factor non-parametric equivalent?)
  • Permanova (not ANOSIM)
  • Initial reporting of results should be reported
    in terms of outcome of test of hypothesis
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