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The Middle East

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The Middle East Crossroads of the World What is the Middle East? Crossroads of 3 continents: Europe Asia Africa Extends from Morocco to Iran Region in ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: The Middle East


1
The Middle East
  • Crossroads of the World

2
What is the Middle East?
  • Region in Southwest Asia
  • Crossroads of 3 continents
  • Europe
  • Asia
  • Africa
  • Extends from
  • Morocco to Iran

3
What is the Middle East?
  • Its people share common traits
  • language
  • history
  • religion
  • Access to many
  • major waterways

The Tigris River
4
Climate
  • Short period of rainfall
  • Rains wash away topsoil
  • Temperature extremes
  • Hot and dry
  • Deserts and green coastal lands

5
Natural Resources
  • Oil is the Middle Easts most important natural
    resource
  • 70 of the worlds known oil reserves are located
    in the Middle East
  • Middle Eastern countries produce 2/3 of the
    worlds oil

6
Natural Resources
  • Saudi Arabia is the worlds largest oil producer

7
Natural Resources
  • Other natural resources include
  • gold, iron, and copper
  • Water is scarce and difficult to harness
  • Fertile river valleys and coastal lands

Aswan High Dam in Egypt
8
Geographic Features
  • Desert an area that has less than 10 inches of
    annual rainfall
  • Arabian Desert
  • Syrian Desert
  • Oasis fertile place in a desert where water is
    available through an underground spring

9
Five Physical Regions
  1. Northern Tier
  2. Arabian Peninsula
  3. Fertile Crescent
  4. Nile River Valley
  5. Maghreb

Beach in Lebanon
10
1. The Northern Tier
  • Stretches across present-day Turkey and Iran
  • Anatolian Peninsula
  • fertile soil and moisture available for
    farming to support a large population
  • Iranian Plateau
  • Elburz and Zagros Mountain ranges
  • dry region with a small population

A bazaar in Turkey
11
2. Arabian Peninsula
  • A plateau that borders the Red Sea, Arabian Sea,
    and the Persian Gulf
  • Mostly barren desert
  • Beneath the desert is a huge amount of oil, which
    supports the country
  • Small population because of lack of water
  • Most of the population lives around the oases

12
2. Arabian Peninsula
  • Birthplace of Islam

13
3. Fertile Crescent
  • Arc-shaped region that stretches from the eastern
    Mediterranean along the Tigris and Euphrates
    Rivers to the Persian Gulf
  • Rich soil and abundant water have led to a large
    population

14
3. Fertile Crescent
15
Mesopotamia
  • land between two rivers
  • Part of the Fertile Crescent
  • Between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
  • Located in modern-day Iraq
  • Land is very fertile
  • Some of the earliest civilizations began here

Ancient Babylon
16
4. Nile River Valley
  • Located in northeastern Africa
  • Nile River supports the population of this region

17
5. Maghreb
  • North African nations of Algeria, Tunisia, and
    Morocco
  • Lies west of the Arabian Peninsula
  • Isolated land surrounded by water, mountains, and
    deserts

18
5. Maghreb
  • Sahara Desert and Atlas Mountains
  • Few people live here because of scarcity of water
  • Major crossroad of the southern rim of
    Mediterranean
  • Gateway to the Atlantic Ocean


Mosque in Morocco
19
Review Questions
  • 1) The Middle East is at the crossroads of which
    3 continents?
  • 2) Describe the climate of the Middle East.
  • 3) What country produces the most oil?
  • 4) Define oasis.
  • 5) Which 2 rivers make up the region called
    Mesopotamia?
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