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Radio Badge

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Radio Badge Merit Badge University 2005 Alpha Phi Omega Introduction to Radio What is radio? Difference between broadcast radio & hobby radio? What is two-way ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Radio Badge


1
Radio Badge
  • Merit Badge University 2005
  • Alpha Phi Omega

2
Introduction to Radio
  • What is radio?
  • Difference between broadcast radio hobby radio?
  • What is two-way communication?
  • Radio is a way of sending information from one
    place to another
  • Broadcast radio is 1-way communication where you
    can only hear but cannot reply
  • Hobby radio is CB radio
  • Two-way communication is where you can send and
    receive messages

3
Call Signs
  • Allow radio operators to identify themselves
  • Assigned by the FCC and unique to each station
    area
  • First letter indicates the country the second
    will be another letter then a number which tells
    where the station was licensed and the last
    letters are assigned at random
  • In Cape Girardeau, a sample call sign would be
    NJ0578 (N for United States and 0 for Missouri)
  • Page 42-43 in your book shows a map of call sign
    assignments

4
Phonetics
  • Used when stations are hard to hear because the
    signal is low or there is static
  • Operators use phonetics to make themselves heard
  • Each letter has a word assigned to it
  • My name would be Echo Romeo India November in
    phonetics
  • Spell your name in phonetics, refer to page 44

5
How Radio Waves Travel
  • Radio waves travel similar to how light from
    light bulbs travel. Does anyone have any idea
    how they travel locally and around the world?

6
Locally vs. Around the World
  • Locally, if the antennas can see each other,
    there is a direct signal
  • The AM radio band is an example of a direct
    signal
  • Think of light bulbs in a room
  • When the antennas cannot see each other, the
    waves are transmitted by bouncing through the
    ionosphere in the sky.
  • Stations traveling around the world are referred
    to as DX because they are further away
  • Page 15 in your book shows an example, use that
    to draw your own

7
WWV and WWVH
  • WWV is in Colorado
  • WWVH is in Hawaii
  • What do they do?
  • They keep radio stations in check by assuring
    listeners they have proper propagation
  • Propagation is the ability of radio waves to
    travel from one place to another

8
Electromagnetic Spectrum
  • Radio communications occur between 100 kilohertz
    and 1,000 megahertz
  • Page 17 of your book has a sample diagram of the
    radio frequencies spectrum
  • Lets learn more about the electromagnetic
    spectrum

9
Metric System Ranges
  • Radio uses a metric prefix to show how many 0
    you need to add
  • Kilo (1,000) add 3
  • 100 kilohertz is the same as 100,000 hertz
  • Mega (million) add 6
  • 100 megahertz is the same as 100,000,000 hertz
  • Page 16 in your book has other prefixes we are
    not dealing with
  • Low frequency
  • 30-300 kilohertz
  • Medium frequency
  • 300-3000 kilohertz
  • High frequency or shortwave
  • 3-30 megahertz
  • Very high frequency
  • 30-300 megahertz
  • Ultra high frequency
  • 300-3000 megahertz

10
Diagram
  • Use page 17 as a guide and draw the
    electromagnetic spectrum
  • Locate
  • Medium frequency
  • High frequency
  • Very high frequency
  • Ultra high frequency
  • Microwave portions
  • 8 radio services (AM, FM, CB, TV, Amateur, and
    Police)

11
FCC ITU
  • Federal Communications Commission-1934
  • Formed after the Federal Radio Commission
  • Purpose is to assign radio frequencies and
    license people and groups who transmit radio
    signals
  • International Telecommunication Union
  • Assigns radio bands to one or more radio service
    or type of user
  • Also police the radio bands

12
Carry Information via Radio
  • DJ talks into a microphone
  • Transmitter picks up the energy and combines it
    with the radio frequency
  • Amplifier makes signal more powerful
  • Signal sent to the antenna for transmission
  • Transmitting antenna sends signal to the
    receiving antenna
  • Transceiver combines the transmitter and receiver

13
Safety Precautions
  • 2 MOST IMPORTANT
  • Never touch grounded metal or wet floors when you
    are working on radio equipment this could cause
    a dangerous shock
  • Always keep 1 hand in your pocket then there is
    no possibility of getting a direct shock from
    touching a hot point. It stops electricity from
    traveling across your chest and causing a heart
    attack

14
Block vs. Schematic Diagram
  • Both drawings show how an electrical circuit
    works
  • Block diagram uses blocks to show the different
    parts
  • This is shown on page 13 of your merit badge book
  • Schematic diagram uses symbols to take the place
    of actual drawings of the electrical parts
  • Take time now to draw a block diagram, using the
    one on page 13 as a guide

15
Circuits
  • Open
  • There is no current flowing through the circuit
  • Closed
  • The current flows correctly through its path
  • Short
  • Current does not flow through its proper course
    it tries to take another route and is often too
    high and burns up the wire

16
More on Schematic Diagrams
  • What the parts do
  • FuseProtects the unit from getting too hot
  • Acts like a circuit breaker
  • Antennatransmits and receives radio signal
  • Batteriesgives the station and radio power
  • Resistorslows down the current flowing through
    the circuit
  • Capacitorblocks the direct current but allows
    the alternating current through a circuit
  • NPN/PNPCommon types of transistors
  • Transistors are like a water faucet controls the
    flow of electrons through the circuit
  • Triode Tube
  • Variable Resistors and Capacitorsthere value can
    change

17
Draw the Parts
  • Pages 20-29 have the parts shown on the side of
    the page

18
Amateur Radio Option
  • Technician Class License
  • 35 questions on radio rules, operating practices,
    and basic electricity
  • Receive full amateur privileges including ability
    to transmit on repeaters on the popular 2-meter
    band
  • Given by volunteer examiners over age 18 and not
    related
  • Amateur Radio is a gateway to the world for
    1,000s of people
  • Practice motto Be Prepared
  • Simulated Emergency Tests
  • Public Service Announcements for non-profit
    organizations

19
Q Signals
  • 3 letter combinations starting with the letter
    Q
  • Meanings set by international agreement
  • Page 46-47 list the various Q signals
  • Good evening
  • Best regards young lady
  • Thanks, see you later
  • Try sending morse code with your left foot now
  • Decode page 48, if time

20
Morse Code
  • Dit Di-dah-dit Di-dit Dah-dit Di-dit Di-di-dit
    Di-di-di-dit Dit Di-dah-dit Dit
  • Anybody know what that means?
  • Refer to page 19 in your book
  • Morse code is a secret language produced by
    interrupting the continuous wave signal from a
    transmitter to form the dots and dashes
  • The short and loud sounds are formed when the
    switch opens or closes the electrical circuit

21
QSL Cards Log Books
  • Radio operators like to send a QSL card to the
    other operator to confirm the conversation
  • The cards then go into a log book where operators
    keep notes about interesting things they talked
    about
  • On all cards
  • Your call sign the other contacts call sign
  • Time, date frequency
  • Mode
  • Radio signal report

22
More on Amateur Radio
  • Why the FCC has an amateur license
  • Helped in times of emergency
  • Increase number of electronics expert
  • Improve goodwill with other countries
  • Assist with emergency communications
  • To experiment with radio communications
  • Emergency calls
  • Voice
  • Mayday
  • SOS
  • Morse Code
  • SOS
  • Di-di-dit Dah-dah-dah Di-di-dit

23
Transceivers Repeaters
  • Handheld transceivers
  • Allow you to receive messages when you are by
    yourself
  • Home base stations
  • Radios set up on a desk or a table an antenna
    feed line comes in through a window
  • Mobile/hand-held radios
  • HT or Handie Talkie
  • allow you to communicate with others when youre
    driving, walking, hiking, etc.
  • Repeaters
  • Picks up the signal when youre using your
    handheld radio and allows you to talk to someone
    from further away

24
Wrap-Up
  • Weve gone through all requirements except radio
    station visit
  • Hope you all had fun and learned about radio
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