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International Atomic Energy Agency

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Title: International Atomic Energy Agency


1
International Atomic Energy Agency Workshop on
Topical Issues on Infrastructure Development
Managing the Development of a National
Infrastructure for Nuclear Power Vienna, 09-12
Feb. 2010
2
An Overview on Building up National
Infrastructure on the Way to Introduce Nuclear
Power into Vietnam
  • Le Thi Kim Dung
  • Deputy Director, Division of Licensing
  • Vietnam Agency for Radiation and Nuclear Safety
    (VARANS)

3
  • Table of Contents
  • I. Necessity of Nuclear Power for Vietnam
  • II. Guiding Viewpoints in the Development of
    Atomic Energy Applications in Vietnam
  • Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure in
    Vietnam
  • Some Comments and Lessons Learned

4
Map of Vietnam Capital Hanoi Area
331,690 km2 Population 86 mil.
(2009) Coastal line 3,260 km GDP
(PPP) _at_2,800

5
I. Necessity of Nuclear Power for Vietnam
  • Based on national strategy on industrialization,
    modernization and socio-economic development of
    the country
  • All scenarios on energy demand have been studied
    intensively, comprehensively and systematically,
    then discussed and debated from working to
    policy-maker levels since 1990s

6
I. Necessity of Nuclear Power for Vietnam
  • 2. According to research results, the electricity
    demand under the base scenario (with GDP growth
    rate of 7.1-7.2/year for the 2001-2020 period)
    will be 201 billion kWh by 2020 and 327 billion
    kWh by 2030.

7
I. Necessity of Nuclear Power for Vietnam
  • 3. Meanwhile, domestic conventional energy
    sources (hydro, coal, oil gas, renewable) can
    supply only 165 billion kWh by 2020 and 208
    billion kWh by 2030. In other words, according to
    the base scenario, our country will run short of
    36 billion kWh by 2020 and nearly 119 billion kWh
    by 2030. The increasing shortage of electricity
    supply will continue in the subsequent periods.

8
I. Necessity of Nuclear Power for Vietnam
  • 4. To settle the demand-supply balance, the
    following options have continued to be studied to
    compare and consider, namely
  • Import electricity from the neighboring
    countries
  • Import coal, oil gas for electricity
    production and
  • Introduce nuclear power.

9
I. Necessity of Nuclear Power for Vietnam
  • 5. Research results have also pointed out nuclear
    power is more advantageous than the other options
    in terms of economics, environment, energy
    security, and optimal mix.

10
I. Necessity of Nuclear Power for Vietnam
  • As a result, after a long process of
    comprehensive and systematic study and intensive
    discussion, a well-informed decision has been
    officially made, that is
  • Nuclear power should be introduced in the
    country.

11
I. Necessity of Nuclear Power for Vietnam
  • The decision to introduce nuclear power into
    Vietnam was officially stated clearly and openly
    in 02 following important documents
  • 1. Strategy for Peaceful Use of Atomic Energy up
    to 2020 (Jan. 2006, by Prime Minister), in which
    nuclear power is a main component in the
    Strategy) and
  • 2. Strategy for Energy Development up to 2020,
    with a vision to 2050 (Dec. 2007, by Prime
    Minister)

12
II. Guiding Viewpoints in the Development of
Atomic Energy Applications in Vietnam
  • Guiding and Consistent Viewpoints in the
    National Policy and Strategy for the Development
    of Atomic Energy Applications in Vietnam are
  • Vietnam uses atomic energy for peaceful purposes
    exclusively

13
II. Guiding Viewpoints in the Development of
Atomic Energy Applications in Vietnam
  • 2. All applications should be ensured safely and
    securely at the highest level for the protection
    of people and the environment
  • 3. All applications should be conducted in an
    effective and efficient manner practically in
    service of sustainably socio-economic
    development.

14
II. Guiding Viewpoints in the Development of
Atomic Energy Applications in Vietnam
  • In order to stepwise realize the
    above-mentioned viewpoints, Vietnam has been
    trying its best to conduct the followings
  • 1. Studying and establishing a comprehensive
    legal and institutional infrastructure for atomic
    energy applications in conformity with
    international conventions/treaties and IAEA
    safety standards

15
II. Guiding Viewpoints in the Development of
Atomic Energy Applications in Vietnam
  • 2. Strengthening and encouraging investment in
    the development of nuclear technical
    infrastructure
  • 3. Promoting the training and development of
    nuclear human resources to step by step meet the
    requirements for the development of atomic energy
    applications, and

15
16
II. Guiding Viewpoints in the Development of
Atomic Energy Applications in Vietnam
  • 4. Strengthening international cooperation both
    multilateral and bilateral, especially with IAEA
    and countries having advanced nuclear industries.

17
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • In Vietnam, the hierarchy of legislative
    system consists of the following four levels
  • 1. Laws and Codes are promulgated by the
    National Assembly (NA)
  • 2. Ordinances are promulgated by the NA
    Standing Committee

18
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • 3. Government Decrees are promulgated by the
    Government
  • 4. Prime Ministers Decisions are promulgated
    by Prime Minister and
  • 5. Ministerial Circulars are issued by
    Minister/Ministers

19
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • In Vietnam, nuclear infrastructure
    development is approached and grouped into the
    following 03 sub-groups
  • 1. Legal and regulatory infrastructure
    development
  • 2. Technical infrastructure development and
  • 3. Human resource development .

20
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • According to well-specified functions,
    duties, powers and organization of each ministry,
    the Government or Prime Minister assigns each
    ministry to take the main responsibility for each
    specific duty in collaboration with related
    ministries, in particular

21
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • 1. Strategy for Peaceful Use of Atomic Energy
    up to 2020 (Jan. 2006, by Prime Minister)
  • The Ministry of Science and Technology takes
    the main responsibility in collaboration with
    related ministries for formulation

22
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • 2. Master Plan (Comprehensive Plan) to
    implement the Strategy for Peaceful Use of Atomic
    Energy up to 2020 July . 2007, by Prime
    Minister)
  • The Ministry of Science and Technology takes
    the main responsibility in collaboration with
    related ministries for formulation.

23
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • 3. Strategy for Energy Development up to
    2020, with a vision to 2050 (Dec. 2007, by Prime
    Minister)
  • The Ministry of Industry and Trade takes the
    main responsibility in collaboration with related
    ministries for formulation.

24
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • 4. Atomic Energy Law, Jun. 2008 by the National
    Assembly, and into force since Jan. 2009.
  • The Ministry of Science and Technology takes
    the main responsibility in collaboration with
    related ministries for formulation.

25
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • The Law regulates comprehensively peaceful,
    safe and secure use of atomic energy in Vietnam,
    including the participation and implementation of
    international nuclear-related conventions/treaties
    and strengthening international cooperation.

26
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • 5. Government Decree on Administrative
    Punishment in the Field of Atomic Energy (Dec.
    2009, by the Government).
  • 6. Government Decree Guiding the
    Implementation of Some Articles in the Atomic
    Energy Law (25 Jan. 2010).
  • The Ministry of Science and Technology takes
    the main responsibility in collaboration with
    related ministries for formulation.

27
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • One (01) more Government Decree has been
    completely formulated and will be soon issued in
    2010, namely
  • Government Decree on Nuclear Power Plant.
  • The Ministry of Industry and Trade takes the
    main responsibility in collaboration with related
    ministries for formulation.

28
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • In addition, a comprehensive plan with a
    concrete road map for the study, formulation and
    issuance of Ministerial Circulars, National
    Technical Regulations and Technical Standards
    related to nuclear safety is actively under
    construction to submit to competent bodies for
    approval.
  • The Ministry of Science and Technology takes
    the main responsibility in collaboration with
    related ministries for the formulation of almost
    all these documents

29
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • IAEA Safety Standards are the main reference
    documents in the study and formulation of
    Ministerial Circulars, National Technical
    Regulations and Technical Standards related to
    nuclear safety in Vietnam.

30
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • According to Master Plan (Comprehensive Plan) to
    implement the Strategy for Peaceful Use of Atomic
    Energy up to 2020 July . 2007, by Prime
    Minister), there are 23 projects should be
    formulated and approved in 2010 for
    implementation among which some projects are
    directly related to nuclear infrastructure
    development, namely

31
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • Project No. 6 Long-term planning for nuclear
    power plants (NPP) development and building first
    NPP
  • Ministry of Industry and Trade takes the main
    responsibility in collaboration with Ministry of
    Science and Technology and related
    ministries/lines.

32
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • Project No. 7 Planning human resource training
    and development for nuclear power progamme
  • Ministry of Education and Training takes the
    main responsibility in collaboration with
    Ministry of Industry and Trade, Ministry of
    Science and Technology and related
    ministries/lines.

33
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • Project No. 8 Planning research and development
    of nuclear power technology (to build capacity
    for technology selection, as well as innovation
    of nuclear-related technologies in the long term)
  • Ministry of Science and Technology takes the
    main responsibility in collaboration with
    Ministry of Industry and Trade and related
    ministries/lines.

34
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • Project No. 9 Strengthening technical capacity
    in service of nuclear power programme (to build
    technical capacity in safety analysis,
    assessment, appraisal for NPP, inspection in the
    process of construction, operation and
    maintenance for NNPP).
  • Ministry of Science and Technology takes the
    main responsibility in collaboration with related
    ministries/lines.

35
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • Project No. 10 Planning sites for building NPPs
    and national radwaste repository
  • Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment
    takes the main responsibility in collaboration
    with related ministries/lines.

36
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • Project No. 11 Planning investment for big
    construction corporations to strengthen their
    capacity in installation and training managers
    and skilled technicians/workers
  • Ministry of Construction takes the main
    responsibility in collaboration with related
    ministries/lines.

37
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • Project No. 12 Planning emergency response and
    preparedness in case of nuclear and radiological
    incident/accident
  • Ministry of National Defense takes the main
    responsibility in collaboration with related
    ministries/lines.

38
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • Project No. 13 Planning and establishing
    measures to ensure security in the field of
    atomic energy
  • Ministry of Public Security takes the main
    responsibility in collaboration with related
    ministries/lines.

39
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • Project No. 14 Planning to participate in
    nuclear-related international conventions,
    treaties, agreements to ensure favourable
    international legal basis for nuclear power
    development
  • Ministry of Science and Technology takes the
    main responsibility in collaboration with related
    ministries/lines.

40
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • Project No. 15 Survey, exploration and
    estimation of uranium resource reserves
  • Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment
    takes the main responsibility in collaboration
    with related ministries/lines.

41
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • Project No. 20 Strengthening national capacity
    to ensure nuclear safety
  • Ministry of Science and Technology takes the
    main responsibility in collaboration with related
    ministries/lines.

42
III. Establishment of Nuclear Infrastructure
  • Project No. 23 Strengthening regulatory body on
    nuclear and radiation safety
  • Ministry of Science and Technology takes the
    main responsibility in collaboration with related
    ministries/lines.

43
IV. Some Comments and Lessons Learned
  • 1. Vietnam has studied carefully and been
    following closely all the recommendations in IAEA
    publications Considerations to Launch a Nuclear
    Power Programme (GOV/INF/2007) and Milestones in
    the Development of a National Infrastructure for
    Nuclear Power (No. NG-G-3.1), at the same time,
    actively learned experiences of other countries
    through bilateral cooperation

44
IV. Some Comments and Lessons Learned
  • 2. All aspects related to nuclear power
    introduction have been and being carefully
    considered, such as legal and technical
    infrastructure, human resources training and
    development, national electrical grid, technology
    selection, site selection, financial arrangement,
    environmental impact assessment, public
    acceptance, international environment, etc.), to
    ensure NPP will be built according schedule and
    put into operation in the safest, most secure and
    economic manner

45
IV. Some Comments and Lessons Learned
  • 3. However, as presented above, in the
    organization and implementation of specific
    duties, Vietnam does its own way, for example
    Vietnam does not establish a separate Nuclear
    Energy Programme Implementing Organization
    (NEPIO). Each ministry according to its state
    management functions is assigned to take the main
    responsibility for each specific duty in
    collaboration with related ministries/lines

46
IV. Some Comments and Lessons Learned
  • 4. According to our self-assessment, it can be
    said that Vietnam is standing somewhere in Phase
    2 between Milestone 1 and Milestone 2.

47
IV. Some comments and lessons learned
  • 5. Vietnam highly appreciates IAEA INIR
    methodology and misssion to the country. It is
    very important and useful for us. It is strongly
    requested more IAEA INIR missions should be
    conducted. It is also expected that
    comments/recommendations should be deeper, more
    specific and franker, not too much diplomatic,
    that is best way the IAEA can help us.

48
IV. Some comments and lessons learned
  • 6. It is very clear that nuclear power is not a
    single and pure economic issue, but a very
    complex and interdisciplinary issue - political,
    economic, social and environment, so in order to
    be able to successfully introduce nuclear power,
    some key factors would be
  • Political will should be strong, consistent and
    transparent

49
IV. Some comments and lessons learned
  • Governments leadership and direction should be
    strong, concerted and drastic in the
    organization, implementation, supervision,
    inspection and assessment of related duties

50
IV. Some comments and lessons learned
  • High public acceptance should be gained and
  • Good international cooperation should be
    established and strengthened.

51
  • Thank you very much
  • for your kind attention!
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