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Chapter 8.1: Nucleic Acids

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Title: Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids Subject: Biochemistry Author: Wayne Bensley Description: Mainly original content Last modified by: Windows User – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Chapter 8.1: Nucleic Acids


1
Chapter 8.1 Nucleic Acids The Basics
  • CHEM 7784
  • Biochemistry
  • Professor Bensley

2
CHAPTER 8.1 Nucleic Acid Basics
Todays Objective (To learn and understand the)
  • Biological function of nucleotides and nucleic
    acids
  • Structures of common nucleotides

3
Central Dogma of Biology
4
Nucleotides and Nucleosides
  • Nucleobase
  • Nitrogeneous base
  • Nucleoside
  • Nitrogeneous base Pentose
  • Nucleotide
  • Nitrogeneous base Pentose Phosphate

5
Pentoses of Nucleotides
  • D-ribose (in RNA)
  • 2-deoxy-D-ribose (in DNA)
  • The difference?
  • 2'-OH vs 2'-H
  • This difference affects secondary structure and
    stability

6
Nitrogenous Bases
7
Nucleosides
8
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9
Anti-conformation predominates in nucleic acid
polymers
10
Phosphate group
  • Negatively charged at neutral pH
  • Typically attached to 5 position
  • Nucleic acids are built using 5-triphosphates
  • Nucleic acids contain one phosphate moiety per
    nucleotide

11
Nucleotides
  • Phosphate ester of nucleosides

12
The plane of the base is oriented perpendicular
to the plane of the pentose group
13
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14
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15
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16
Nomenclature
17
Nomenclature Deoxyribonucleotides
You need to know structures, names and symbols
(both two-letter (dA) and four-letter (dAMP)
codes)
18
Nomenclature Ribonucleotides
You need to know structures, names, and symbols
(both one letter and three-letter codes)
19
Polynucleotides
20
  • Nucleotide monomers are joined by 3-5
    phosphodiester linkages to form nucleic acid
    (polynucleotide) polymers

21
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22
Base pairing evident in DNA compositions
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