??????????? (Tapeworms)

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??????????? (Tapeworms)
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??????????? (Tapeworms) Phylum
Platyhelminthes Class Cestoidea Subclass
Cestoda Order Cyclophyllidea Order
Pseudophyllidea
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???????????????????? - ??????? ????? Scolex -
?????? ????? Neck - ????????? ?????
Strobila ???????????????????????
Segment ???? Proglottided
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• ?????????????????? 3 mm 10 m.
• ????? Digestive System
• - ???????? Host ?????????????????
• ?????????????? Parasite
• ????????????????? Tegument

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Scolex
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Neck - ???????????? - ??????????????????????
??????
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Proglottid - Immature Proglottid
??????????????? ????????????????????
- Mature Proglottid ??????????????????????
????????????????????
?? Reproductive organ ???????Monoecious
????????????????????????????????????????
?????????????? Uterus
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- Gravid Proglottid ??????????????????????
???????????????????????????
????????????????????????????????????? ????
genital pore
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Genital pore ???????????????????? 1. ???
Regular (?????????????????????)
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2. ??? Regular alternate (??????????????????
)
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3. ??? Irregular alternate
(????????????????)
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Egg ????????????????? ???? 1. ???????????????
??????????
?????????????????????????? ????
Hook 3 ??? ??????? ???????? Oncosphere
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2. ???????? Filament ?????????? ??????????
Oncosphere
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3. ??????????????? Oval shape ?? Operculum
?? knob Oncosphere ?? cilia
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Life cycle ?? Intermediate host 1 ???? 2
??? ?????? Hymenolepis nana????????????
Intermediat host ?????
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Cestodes ??????????????????????? Order
Cyclophyllidea Order Pseudophyllidea
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Order Cyclophyllidea Taenia solium Taenia
saginata Hymenolepis nana Hymenolepis
diminuta Dipylidium caninum Echinococcus
granulosus Echinococcus multilocularis Taenia
(Multiceps) multiceps
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Order Pseudophyllidea Diphyllobothrium
latum Spirometra spp.
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Order Cyclophyllidea
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Taenia solium - pork tapeworm
(??????) ????????????? (Distribution) -
?????????????????????
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??????? (Morphology) - Scolex ???????
Rostellum - ???????? ?????? 1-2 mm - ???????
2-4 m. - ?????????? 800 -1000 ????? -
?????????? 1 ??????????????????
Uterus 7 12 ???? - genital pore ?????????
Regular alternate
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• Adult ???? ?????? duodenum ??????? Villi
• ??????????????????????? ?????? Scolex ???????
• - ???????????? ??????????????????????????
• ?????????????? ???????????????????????
• ???????????????????????????????????????
• ???????????
• - ?????????????? ??????? ???? 35 um
• ??????? Hook 6 ??? ????? Hexacanth
• ????????????????????????? 30,000 50,000 ??

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?????????????? Taenia spp.
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T. solium ????? Cyst ??? Cysticercus cellulosae
???????????? 3-6 ?? ??? Freez 10 o C 2
?????? ???????????? Taeniasis
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Case ???????? Adult worm ???? ???
Infect ?? ???? Cysticercus ????
????????????????????? - ????????????
Cysticercosis
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• Mode of Transmission
• - ??????????? ????????????? ( night soil)
• Autoinfection ?????????? ????????????
• ??????????????????????????????? (???????
• ????????????????????)
• - ??????????????????? 20 ??

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Taenia saginata - Beef Tapewom
(??????) ????????????? (Distribution) -
??????????????? (??????????????????)
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??????? (Morphology) - Scolex ????? Rostellum
??????? Sucking disc - ???????????? T.
Solium - lateral uterine branch ?????? 15-30
???? - ??????????? ?? - Gravid proglottid
????? 100,000-120,000 ??
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??????? ( Life cycle) - Adult worm
???????????????????????? duodenum ???????? -
Intermediate host ??? ??? - ????? cyst
??????????????? Cysticercus bovis - ????????
??????? Taenia ????? Taeniasis
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??????????? (Sign and Symptom) Taeniasis
??????????????????? ???????
??????????????????????
???? ???????????????
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Cysticercosis ??????????????????????????? (T.
solium) ?????????????????????????
??????????????? ????
????????? ????? ??
Cyst ??????????????
???????????????????????????
???????? ??????? ?????
?????????? ??????????
???????????
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??????????????? (Diagnosis) Taeniasis ????
???????????? ,
?????????????? Cysticercosis Biopsy , X-ray
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???????? (Treatment) Taeniasis ?????
Albendazole Cysticercosis ?????
Praziquantel ??????????????????? (Prevention and
Control) ??????????????????????
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• Hymenolepis nana
• Dwarf tapeworm
• ??????? (Morphology)
• ???? 4.5-5 mm.
• Scolex 0.5 mm. ??????? Rostellum
• ?????? ??????? invaginate ( hook ????????? )
• ??????????????????????????

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• ?? Testes 2 ???
• - gravid proglottid ??????????????????
• Uterus
• ????? filament ???? 47 X37 um

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???????????? cysticercoid
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??????? (Life cycle) -
Definitive host ??? ??? (mice) - I.H.
flea (???????
Nosophilus fasuatus)
Xenopsilla cheopis ) ?????????????????? I.H.
??????????????????????????????????????????? Pr
epatent peroid 30 days ??????? Autoinfection
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• Hymenolepis diminuta
• - Rat tapeworm
• - ???????????????
• ??????? (Morphology)
• - ????????????? 10-60 cm. (800-1,000 ?????)
• - ?????????????????????? 4 mm.
• - ????? Rostellum (????? sucker ???????
  sucking disc)
• - ????????????????????

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- Testes 3 ??? - Gravid segment
??????? Uterus - ?????????????? H. nana
???????? filament - ??? ?????? 72 um -
Definitive Host Rat , ?? , ????? - I.H.
??????????????? H. nana Nosophilus
fasuatus Xenopsilla cheopis
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Echinococcus granulosus - ????????????
Echinococosis ????????? Hydatid
disease - ??????????????? -
??????????????? ??????? ???
?????????? ?????????????????????????
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• ??????? (Morphology)
• ??????????????
• ?????????????????????????? (2.5-9.00 mm.)
• ?? 3 proglottides
• ??????????
• ??????? ?? ???????? 3 ?????
• Scolex ??????? Rostellum ?? Hook ???
• ???? 1 ???

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- Scolex ?????? 0.3 mm. - Proglottid 3
????? ?????????? Immature Mature ??? Gravid -
Gravid proglottid ???????????? ??? ??????
½ ??????????????? - Egg ??????? ??????????
34 X 41 um
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Life cycle D.H. ?????? ????? , ???????? ,
??? ,
???????????? (??????????????) Intermediat Host
?????? ??? , ??? ????????? ???
??? ???? ?? ????
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- Adult ??????????????????????????????? -
????????? gravid ????????? -
?????????????????? - ???????????????????? D.H.
(????????? ????????????????)
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Echinococcus multilocularis - ???????????? E.
granulosus - D.H. ?????? ???????????? -
I.H. ?????? Rodent ????????? E.
granulosus
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????????????? (Distribution) E. granulosus -
East Africa - mediterranean - Middle
East , Russia - USA. E.
multilocularis - Canada - Central
Europe - Japan
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??? Hydatid cyst (
Infective stage ) ???????????
??????? Hydatid Cyst ??? ???
????????????????? cyst ?????????????? ??????
????????? ???????????
Onchsphere
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- Hydatid cyst ?????????????? ??????????
???????? - Hydatid cyst ???????????????????? -
??????????? 1 ????? cyst ?? 1 mm.
5 ????? cyst ?? 1 cm.
??????????????????? 10 cm. ????? cyst ??
?????????????
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Cyst ?????????? 1. External cuticular
??????????????? 2. Germinal layer ??????????
?????????
??????????? 3. Fluid ( cyst fluid f ) ??
brood capsule 4. Daughter cyst
??????????cyst?????
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Hydatid in Brain
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Daughter cyst and Brood capsule from Hydatid cyst
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- germinal layer ???????????? Daughter
cyst ???????????????? - ???????????????? Brood
capsule (bc) ????????????????????????
Develope ???? Daughter cyst (dc) ?????? -
Cyst ?? Scolex (protoscolex ps) ????? ??
??????? Infective stages ????? Fertile
Cyst?? - ??? Develop ???????? Sterile Cyst -
??????? 2 ???? Scolex ?????? 1 cyst
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• ????? (Symptom)
• Cyst ?????????????????????? 5-10 cm
• ????????????????????
• ???? Toxic ????????????? ????
• ????????????????????????????????

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Diagnosis 1. X-ray 2. ???????????????????????
Cyst ????????? ???????? (Treatment) - ???
Albendazole ????? Cyst ????????
???????????? ??????????????? Cyst ???
???????? Syringe ?????? Scolex ??? ???
Formalin ???
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????????? (Mode of Transmission)????
????????????? 1. ????????????????????????????
2. ??????????????? 3. ?????????
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Dipyridium caninum - Dog tapeworm ???????
(Morphology) - ??? 70 cm. - ????? 60-170
Segment - Scolex ??????? Rostellum ?? hook ???
???? 7 ???
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Mature Proglottid - ??????????????????????? -
genital pore 2 ???? ?? Testes 2 ??? Gravid
Proglottid - ??????????? capsule ??????
Egg - ??????? ?? Hook
????????????????????????
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Life cycle D.H. ????? I.H. flea (?????????)
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??????????? Cysticercoid ???????????????
?????????????????????? ????? ????????
??????????????? flea
????????????????????????
? ???????????
???? Infective stage
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Taenia (Multiceps) multiceps - ????????????
Coenuriasis ????????????? (Distribution) -
??????? , ?????????? - ????????????????????
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??????? (Morphology) - ???? 40-60 cm. -
Scolex Rostellum (Hook 2 ???) - ??????????
Branch 18-26 ???
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??????? Dog D.H. ????????????
Egg ???? Coenurus (??????????????)
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??????? Coenurus ???? Cyst
?????????? 3 cm ?? Scolex ?????????????
Coenurus ( s scolex , f cyst fluid )
- Cyst ????????? ???? ???????????? -
???????? ?????? Subcutaneous
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Scolex inside coenurus
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Order Pseudophyllidea
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Diphylobothrium latum - ?????? Order
Pseudophyllidea - Fish Tapeworm
(???????????) ????????????? (Distribution) -
????? ??????? , ????????????
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??????? (Morphology) - ???? Tapeworm
????????????? 10 m. - ???????? 4,000
Proglottid - Scolex ??? 2-3 mm.
????????????? Bothria ?????? Suctorial
groove ???????????
Suctorial groove
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• Proglottid ?? genital pore ????????????????

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????? Diphyllobothrium latum
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- ??????? Uterine pore - ???????????????????????
?? Uterine pore ????? Trematode - ?????
Operculum , ?? knob - Egg ??? Develop ???????
Coracidium ??????? ????????? (?????
Miracidium ?????? trematode) ????
Free-living ?? cilia ??? ????????????
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Life cycle Definitive host ?????? ?? ?????
??? Intermediate host ?? 2 ??? ???
1st I.H. ?????? ?????? (copepod)
2nd I.H. ?????? ?????????
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?????? ?? D.H. ??????? ???? ??? ?????
Plerocercoid (sparganum) ??????????? (2nd
I.H.) ?????????????????? Coracidium
?????? ?????? ?????? ???
??????????????? ???? Procercoid
????????
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????????? (Pathology) - Adult
??????????????????????? Ilium - ????????????
Perniceous tapeworm anemia (???????????????????
???????????????? B12) ???????????????
(Diagnosis) - ??????????????????????
(??????? Tapeworm ????????)
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• Spirometra spp.
• ???? Tapeworm ????????? Order ???????? D.
  Latum
• ????? ??? ????? ??? ???
• - ????? ?????? Paratenic Host ????????
• Intermediate Host ?????????????? Infection
  ???
• Procercoid ???? ??????????? infected copepod
  ??????
• ??????????????????? Plerocercoid
  (Sparganum)
• (Intermediate host)

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- ??????????????????? Plerocercoid ??????
Plerocercoid ???????????????????? ( Paratenic
host) - ??????? Sparganosis -
??????????????????? ??????? , ??????? ???????
???????????????????????????????? (?????)
????????? ??????? Plerocercoid ????
??????????????????
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????? Spirometra mansoni ?? uterine pore
??????????? uterus ??????
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??? Spirometra mansoni
??????? Sparganum
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????? (Sign and Symptom) ????? ??? ??? ???
?????? ????????? ???????????????????? ???????
???????????????? 9 ?? ????????
(Treatment) ????????????
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??????????????????? (Prevention and Control) 1.
????????????? , ??????????? 2.
???????????????????????????????
???????????? 3. ???????????
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