Laboratory Safety

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LaboratorySafety
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Equipment and Safety
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• Know where the Safety equipment is located in the
  room
• Know how to use each piece of safety equipment
• Check your neighbors to see if they know how to
  use the equipment

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Personal Safety
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• Check your equipment for damages before donning
• Make certain to adhere to good laboratory dress

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Laboratory Dress
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• Always wear eye protection and apron / lab coat
• Do not remove any safety dress near the
  experiment area
• Traditionally, full dress included
• Full pants
• Long-sleeved shirt (buttoned)
• Closed-toe and heel shoes

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  Personal Protective Equipment   Many states
require by law that students wear approved safety
goggles or safety glasses when in the lab. This
is an absolute "MUST"!               The
following is not acceptable!       
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Personal Safety
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• Tie back long hair
• No loose clothing
• Keep chemicals/fumes/flames away from yourself
• Light flames away from yourself
• Never smell/taste any substance for
  identification
• Keep a clear area lab sheets, etc. on the
  desks/tables away from experiment area

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Proper attire
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• Avoid floppy garments avoid things that dangle
• These get tangled up in equipment or glassware
  and cause accidents
• Avoid long, loose hair styles for the same
  reason.
• When Bunsen burners are in use, long hair
  sometimes catches on fire
• The Safety Code of most schools will not approve
  of open footware so avoid sandals, thongs

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Safety Equipment
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• Fire Extinguishers
• Fire Blanket
• Eye-wash Fountain
• First-Aid Kit
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Fire Extinguisher Operation
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• There are two main types of fire extinguishers,
•   carbon dioxide
• dry chemical (powder)
•   Often, but not always, they carry different
  colors.
• In this case the carbon dioxide extinguisher is
  red, and the dry-chemical (powder) extinguisher
  is yellow.
• Read the tag to know which you will use. The tag
  also should show the date the extinguisher was
  last serviced.
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Fire Extinguisher Operation
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• Carbon dioxide extinguishers are good, general
  purpose extinguishers.
•   Dry-chemical (powder) are used for difficult
  cases, say certain types of electrical fires.
  AVOID using a ANY extinguisher on a fellow human
  being.
• Why? 

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Fire Extinguisher Operation
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• USAGE
•   Locate the "KEY" (the round object)
• Twist the "KEY" to break the stiff Nylon
  retaining cord then pull "KEY" out
• Do not merely attempt to pull the key straight
  out, unless you are very strong.
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Fire Extinguisher Operation
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• Raise the nozzle in order to direct the stream of
  carbon dioxide
• The CO2 will cool the fire, and restrict oxygen
• The fire, lacking oxygen, should go out.

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Fire Extinguisher Operation
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• Squeeze the handle to begin operation.

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Fire Blanket
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• Pull the blanket out of the wall holder.
• Wrap it around the victim to smother the fire.

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Eyewash Fountain
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• If you get something from the lab in your eye
• GET IT OUT IMMEDIATELY!
• Run some water through the eyewash fountain
  before you use it.
• Retract your eyelid (hold it open)
• Dont squintthis restricts water access.
• Run fresh water over your eye for several
  minutes. (20 minutes for acids or bases)
• Go to the school nurse immediately afterward.

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Eyewash Fountain
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First Aid Kit
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• Since we have a full time nurse, only band-aids
  are kept in the classroom
• For more serious injuries the nurse or 911 will
  be called.

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Use of the FUME HOOD
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• Not every school will have a fume hood available.
  
• If your school has a FUME HOODuse the HOOD for
  reactions that give off vapors, especially smelly
  vapors.
• The draft of the HOOD will sweep away vapors so
  that the lab itself maintains reasonable air
  quality.
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Safety Shower
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• Again, not every school will have one.
• Shower should be used for dire EMERGENCY only!
• If you (or a lab mate) is ON FIRE, position
  yourself (or your lab mate) under the safety
  shower.
• Pull the handlea deluge of water will result.
• Flames will be rapidly extinguished

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Safety Shower
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• The safety shower should also be used if you
  suffer a massive spill of a dangerous chemical on
  yourself, and need to get it off rapidly.
•  However, in a high school laboratory, this will
  seldom be necessary.
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Broken Glass
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• Sweep it up right away
• Dont track in it all period.

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Broken Glass
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• Place the broken glass in a "SHARPS CONTAINER.
• This is a thick walled carton, that will be
  sealed and discarded as such.
• If such a container is not available, the trash
  can is an acceptable substitute.
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Materials Safety Data Sheets(MSDS)
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• When a chemical is purchased, the supplier will
  send a MSDS sheet.
• The MSDS sheet lists the known dangers of the
  chemical in question.
• Your school should keep a file of MSDS sheets.
• We have MSDS sheets attached to most chemicals
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National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA)
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NFPA

• FLAMMABILITY (RED) is the degree of
  susceptibility of materials to burning.
• 0 Will not burn
• 1 - Must be preheated to burn. Flash point above
  200F.
• 2 - WARNING Ignites with moderate heat. Flash
  point 100F-200F.
• 3 - HAZARDOUS Ignites at room temperature. Flash
  point 73F-99F.
• 4 - EXTREMELY DANGEROUS Highly flammable liquids
  and explosive gases. Flash point below 73F.

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NFPA

• REACTIVITY (yellow) is the degree of
  susceptibility of materials to release energy.
• 0 - Normally stable at all temperatures. Not
  reactive with water.
• 1 - CAUTION May become unstable when heated or
  mixed with water.
• 2 - HAZARDOUS Normally unstable or may have
  violent chemical change when mixed with water.
• 3 - DANGEROUS explodes with exposure to confined
  heat, shock, or when mixed with water.
• 4 - EXTREMELY DANGEROUS Explodes at room
  temperature.

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NFPA

• HEALTH HAZARD (blue) is the degree of injury from
  burning materials.
• 0 - Creates no unusual hazard
• 1 - CAUTION Causes irritation or minor injury..
• 2 - HAZARDOUS Intense exposure may be harmful..
• 3 - EXTREMELY DANGEROUS Avoid skin contact and
  inhalation.
• 4 - FATAL Too dangerous to enter without
  specialized protective equipment.
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NFPA

• OTHER (white) indicates special warnings.
• ACID acid
• ALK alkali
• - radiation
• COR corrosive
• P subject to polymerization when mixed with
  water
• OXY oxidizing chemicals
• W - do not use water

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Class Safety
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• NO HORSEPLAY
• Dont let someone elses actions injure you or
  cause you discomfort
• Teacher Authority Act
• Dont put me in a position to choose between you
  and others

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Avoid Horseplay

• In a laboratory setting, horseplay, even if
  good-natured, is absolutely unacceptable.
• No pushing no shoving.
• Serious accidents all too often result involving
  the glassware or solutions in use.

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At the end of the lab period

• Exit the lab in an orderly manner.
• Again no running, no pushing, no shoving.

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LABORATORYS FIRST RULE
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• DO WHAT YOUR TEACHER SAYS AS SOON AS HE/SHE SAYS
  TO DO IT
• Ive seen a lot more laboratory procedures than
  you have
• Im not trying to rob you Im trying to help you