Insects

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Chapter 8

• Insects
• Crayfish

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Chapter 8.1 Notes

• Jointed-leg animal is an invertebrate with an
  exoskeleton, bilateral symmetry, and jointed
  appendages.
• Appendage is a structure that grows out of an
  animals body. Examples legs, wings, antennae.
• 80 of animals are jointed-leg animals.

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• Molting- the shedding of the exoskeleton.
• Antennae- appendages of the head that are used
  for sensing smell and touch.
• Compound eyes- eyes with many lenses.
• Simple eyes- eyes with only 1 lens.

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5 classes of jointed-leg animals

• Crayfish, lobsters, crabs, pill bugs.
• 5 pairs of legs, compound eyes, antennae, 2 body
  sections Head-thorax and abdomen
• Spiders, scorpions, ticks.
• 4 pairs of legs, simple eyes, 2 body sections.
• Centipedes
• 1 pair of legs per section, have poison claws,
  eat insects.

5

• Millipedes.
• 2 pairs of legs per segment, no claws, eat
  plants.
• Insects- are the only invertebrate that can
  fly!!!
• 3 body parts, 2 compound eyes and 3 simple eyes,
  1 pair antennae, 3 pairs of legs, 2 pairs of
  wings.

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Spiny-skin animals

• Are invertebrates with 5-part body design, radial
  symmetry, and spines.
• Examples starfish, sand dollars, sea urchin.
  Found only in Oceans.
• Tube feet- like suction cups that help starfish
  move, eat, attach to rocks.
• Can regenerate parts.

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Chapter 8.2 Notes

• Vertebrates are the most complex organisms in the
  animal kingdom.
• Chordate is an animal at sometime in its life,
  has a tough, flexible cord along its back.
• Endoskeleton-skeleton inside the body.

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7 Classes of Chordates

1. Jawless fish- Cold-blooded (exothermic) Have
   gills, have no jaws, no scales, skeleton made of
   cartilage. Example Lamprey (Parasite)
2. Cartilage fish- skeleton made of cartilage. Have
   jaws, tooth like scales, paired fins. Examples
   sharks and rays.
3. Bony fish- skeleton made of bone. Gill cover
   (Operculum), swim bladder, scales, slime.

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• Amphibians- are animals that live part of their
  life on land and the other part in the water.
  Tadpoles (young). Can breathe through gills
  (young), lungs, skin. Cold-blooded. Examples
  frogs, toads, salamanders.
• Hibernation being inactive during cold weather.
• Estivation being inactive during warm weather.

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1. Reptiles- are animals that have dry scaly skin,
   and can live on land. Cold-blooded, lay leathery
   eggs. Examples are snakes, lizards, turtles,
   crocodiles, and alligators.
2. Birds- are warm-blooded (endothermic). Have
   wings, beaks, 2 legs, feathers, scales on their
   legs, hollow bones.
3. Mammals-animals with hair that feeds milk to its
   young. Warm-blooded, have mammary glands, give
   live birth, care for young. Pouched-kangaroos and
   opossums. Egg-laying-duck billed platypus and
   spiny anteater. Placental- humans, dogs,
   cats...almost all other mammals.

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• Crayfish. April 9, 2007. http//www.biol.andrews
  .edu/everglades/organisms/Invertebrates/Arthropoda
  /Pond20Crayfish/pond_crayfish-main.jpg
• Insects. April 9, 2007. http//www.ecodev.gr/ima
  ges/photos/Insects_and_rodents/insects.jpg