The Design of Nature Preserves and other Protected Areas

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The Design of Nature Preserves and other
Protected Areas
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The Design of Nature Preserves and other
Protected Areas
Remember in our section on fragmentation of
habitat there were important size and shape
concerns
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Six Fundamental Design Features for Preserves
1. A large preserve will hold more species than
a small preserve.
Why?
Pygmy Marmoset
Remember- species area effect from Chapter 5
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A. Larger preserves tend to contain a wider
range of environmental conditions
B. Large preserves are more secure than small
reserves for 3 reasons
1.) they have relatively larger populations that
are less likely to go extinct
2.) they have a relatively shorter edge than
small preserves
3.) they are less vulnerable to a catastrophic
event
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2. A single large preserve is preferable to
several small reserves of equal total area.
Why?
Blue Poison Frog
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Interior Zones given an edge width of 100 m
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3. If it is necessary to have multiple small
preserves, they should be as close together as
possible.
Why?
Elk
Remember the concept of a metapopulation from
chapter 3
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4. Arranging small preserves in a cluster is
preferable to a linear fashion
Why?
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5. Connecting the preserves with corridors will
make dispersal easier for many species.
Why?
Duh
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6. By making preserves as circular as possible,
dispersal within the preserve will be enhanced
and the negative effects of edge will be minimized
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Not as Good
Good
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National Parks- Conserving Wildlife?
Bryce Canyon National Park
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Mammal Extinctions in our National Parks
Park Name Established Extinct Mammals
Bryce Canyon 1923 White-tail Jack Rabbit
Red Fox
Spotted Skunk
Lassen Volcanic 1907 Nuttals Cottontail
Spotted Skunk
Fisher
River Otter
Ringtail
Mount Ranier 1899 Gray Wolf
Fisher
Striped Skunk
Lynx