FUEL CELL ELECTRIC VEHICLES Carlos Sousa AGENEAL, Local Energy Management Agency of Almada - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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FUEL CELL ELECTRIC VEHICLES Carlos Sousa AGENEAL, Local Energy Management Agency of Almada

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Title: FUEL CELL ELECTRIC VEHICLES Carlos Sousa AGENEAL, Local Energy Management Agency of Almada


1
FUEL CELL ELECTRIC VEHICLESCarlos
SousaAGENEAL, Local Energy Management Agency of
Almada
2
SUMMARY
  1. Workings of a Fuel Cell
  2. Production, transport and storage of Hydrogen
  3. Some proposal from the manufacturers

3
WORKINGS OF A FUEL CELL
4
WORKINGS OF A FUEL CELL
5
WORKINGS OF A FUEL CELL
6
WORKINGS OF A FUEL CELL
Example 2 x 100 cells ( 40 cm x 40 cm) ? 2 x
(100 x 0.7) x (40 x 40 x 0.375) 2 x (70 V x 640
A) 84 kW (114 CV)
7
WORKINGS OF A FUEL CELL
8
Fuel Cell for a passengers bus,MAN
9
CHALLENGES FOR THE FUTURE
  • Cost
  • 400 /kW (7 x price of a conventional engine)
  • Complete Cell 20 000,00 (engine 3 000,00)
  • Reliability
  • Response to transient regimens
  • Problems with low temperatures (below 0 ºC)
  • H2 contamination
  • Vehicle Adaptation
  • Needs Hydrogen (production, transport and
    storage)!!

10
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12
PRODUCTION, TRANSPORT AND STORAGE OF H2
  • 1. Industrial Production
  • electrolysis of water? Natural gas? Oil refinery?
  • Renewable sources
  • Distribution network? (does not exist!)
  • Cost, Investments
  • Safety and social acceptance

13
PRODUCTION, TRANSPORT AND STORAGE OF H2
  • 2. Decentralized Production (at the filling
    station)
  • From what? (electrolysis of water? Natural gas?
    Other)
  • Cost of the equipment
  • Safety and social acceptance

14
PRODUCTION, TRANSPORT AND STORAGE OF H2
  • Regardless of the place of production (filling
    station or industrial plant)
  • Filling system
  • Security
  • Filling time

15
PRODUCTION, TRANSPORT AND STORAGE OF H2
  • Storage on board
  • Compressed gas _at_ 300 bar? (very low density)
  • Liquid at 253 ºC? (high evaporation, low
    density)
  • Solid matrix? (weight/volume ratio)

16
PRODUCTION, TRANSPORT AND STORAGE OF H2
  • 3. Onboard production with a reformer
  • From natural gas, methanol, ethanol?
  • Petrol?
  • Problems
  • System efficiency
  • Cost
  • Technology
  • Emissions Does not solve the Carbon Problem

17
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18
  • Opel Hydrogen 1
  • Liquid H2 (75 Litres 5 kg H2)
  • Stack with 200 cells (59/27/50 cm)
  • - 150 200 V 90 kW/ 122 CV
  • - 68 kg
  • Auxiliary Batery
  • Weight 1575 kg
  • 0-100 km/h 16 s
  • Max. Speed 140 km/h
  • Range 400 km

19
DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS - CUTE
  • Clean Urban Transport for Europe, CUTE
  • Demonstration project to test and evaluate the
    operational performance of Hydrogen buses for
    public transport
  • 10 European cities (Barcelona, Madrid, London,
    Hamburg, Luxemburg, Estocolmo, Amsterdam,
    Stutgart, Stockholm, Porto)
  • 3 Daimler-Chrysler buses per city
  • Different methods for Hydrogen production(Renewab
    les - hydropower, natural gas, refinery)
  • Evaluation of costs, infrastructure, life
    cycle,emissions, etc.

20
Thank you for your attention!
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