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Title: Cover Slide


1
Cover Slide
The American Pageant Chapter 14 Forging the
National Economy, 1790-1860
2
Rapid Population Growth in US
  • By 1860, 13 original states ? 33 states
  • Population doubling every 25 years
  • Key Factors
  • U.S. 4th most populous western country
  • Rapid urbanization ?

3
Irish Immigration
  • Impact of the Famine
  • Became largest immigrant group to U.S.

4
Discrimination Against Irish
  • Role of Religion / Poverty
  • Forced to create very close-knit communities ?
  • Formed secret societies to combat bigotry
  • The Ancient Order of Hibernians
  • The Molly Maguires
  • Extreme WASP views of Irish
  • N.I.N.A.

5
Irish v. Blacks
  • Irish fiercely resented blacks
  • Shared societys basement
  • Competed for scarce jobs
  • Race riots between black Irish dock workers
  • Irish did not support the abolitionist cause
  • Civil War draft riots

6
Success of the Irish
  • Acquired modest amounts of property
  • Political activism
  • Soon controlled powerful city machines
  • Strong, motivated workforce

7
German Immigration
  • Over 1.5 million came b/w 1830-60
  • Today 25 of all Americans have German ancestry
  • Most were farmers, displaced by crop failures
    by other hardships
  • Some were liberal political refugees
  • Forty-Eighters

8
Germans in America
  • Most pushed out to the mid-west
  • Very Independent
  • Less politically potent
  • Introduced beer
  • Wet

9
THE AMISH
  • Distinct religious settlements in PA, IN, OH
  • Founder
  • They shun extravagance
  • No modern conveniences
  • Persecuted in Europe b/c
  • For 200 years they have preserved their
    traditional way of life

10
Nativism
Feared immigrants would outbreed, outvote, and
overwhelm Protestant natives
11
Nativism
  • Fear of papal power
  • Order of the Star Spangled Banner
  • "Know-Nothing" party (The American party)
  • Advocated restrictions on immigration and
    naturalization
  • Favored deportation laws of alien paupers
  • Most nativists tended to join the Whig party
  • Eventually most became Republicans

12
Birth of America'sIndustrial Revolution
  • Economic Inventions
  • The Textile Industry began the Industrial
    Revolution in the U.S.
  • Why did New England become center of the
    Industrial Revolution?
  • Why was the South slow to industrialize?

13
Economic Inventions
  • Samuel Slater-
  • Eli Whitney's
  • changed America and the world
  • raising cotton became highly profitable
  • South ?
  • Westward expansion into AL MS
  • Stimulated American Industrial Revolution by
    supplying cotton to New England textile mills

14
Economic Inventions
  • Elias Howe/Isaac Singer
  • Significance
  • Charles Goodyear
  • Samuel F. B. Morse
  • 1800
  • 1860

15
The Textile Industry in the U.S.
  • Francis Cabot Lowell
  • Local farmers' daughters hired to work in the
    factories
  • Textile factories sprang up all over New Eng. and
    mid-Atl. states
  • Water power and steam power gradually replaced
    female labor
  • Immigrant labor replaced female labor

16
Why did New England become center of the
Industrial Revolution?
17
Why was the South slow to Industrialize?
18
The Business World
  • Principal of Limited Liability
  • Northern Wage Slaves
  • Gains for workers
  • voting rights for Laboring Males
  • workingmen's parties
  • Commonwealth v. Hunt (1842)

19
Urban Slums
20
Northwest Agriculture
  • Ohio-Indiana-Illinois territory ?
  • Used to feed booming Cotton Kingdom
  • Key Inventions
  • Farming changed from subsistence to large-scale,
    specialized, cash-crop agriculture
  • Farmer Debt Increased (land machinery)
  • Farmers demand new markets ?

21
The Transportation Revolution
  • Prime Motive Connect East to West
  • Turnpikes
  • Canals
  • Rivers / Steam Power
  • Railroads
  • Clippers
  • The Pony Express

22
Forging the National Economy, 1790 - 1860
The Transportation Revolution
The Continental Economy
European Immigration
Irish in America
The Market Economy the Family
Nativism Assimilation
Germans in America
23
The Old Immigrants
Germans
Irish
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