Creation of Earth

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Creation of Earths Landforms

• By
• Brianna Shields
• February 2, 2005

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DO NOW

• 1. How are igneous rocks formed?
• 2. Where are sedimentary rocks usually formed?
• 3. Where are metamorphic rocks usually formed?

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GOAL

• To be able to state the layers of the earths
  crust
• To be aware of the constructive and destructive
  forces constantly acting upon the earths crust

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Earths Interior

• Earths interior layers

• 1. Crust- rocks and soil on surface

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Earths Interior

• Earths interior layers

• 2. Mantle- flexible, molten rock

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Earths Interior

• Earths interior layers

• 3. Outer core- melted metal
• 4. Inner core- solid metal
• High pressure and temps

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• EARTHS INTERIOR LAYERS

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Movements within the Earth

• Forces within earths crust

• 1. Fracture- crack in a rock

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Movements within the Earth

• Forces within earths crust

• 2. Fault- crack in crust along which rocks move

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Movements within the Earth

• Forces within earths crust

• 3. Folding- rock bends due to rock compression

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Movements within the Earth

• Forces within earths crust

• 4. Compression- rocks squeeze together

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Movements within the Earth

• Forces within earths crust

• 5. Tension- rocks pull into thin strings

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Movements within the Earth

• Forces within earths crust

• 6. Shearing- rocks slide past eachother
  horizontally
• Causes earthquakes

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Movements within the Earth

• Forces within earths crust

• 7. Convergent boundary- plates come together,
  subduction occurs (one plate goes under other
  forming mountains)

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Movements within the Earth

• Forces within earths crust

• 8. Divergent Boundary- Plates pull apart
  allowing magma to rise to surface

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Movements within the Earth

• Forces within earths crust

• 9. Transform/Strike Slip Boundaries
• Cause earthquakes when plates slide and rub
  against eachother resulting in friction

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Earthquake Damage
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Landslides caused by Earthquakes
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Movements within the Earth

• Forces within earths crust

• 10. Tsunami- gigantic ocean waves caused by
  underwater earthquakes

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Tsunamis caused by Earthquakes
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Tsunamis caused by Earthquakes
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Tsunamis caused by Earthquakes
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Tsunamis caused by Earthquakes
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Tsunamis caused by Earthquakes
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Tsunamis caused by Earthquakes
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Tsunamis caused by Earthquakes
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Tsunamis caused by Earthquakes
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Active Fault-line
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Movements within the Earth

• Forces within earths crust

• 11. Volcanoes formed when hot molten rock
  (magma) spill through cracks in crust onto
  earths surface
• Can make new landforms when lava hardens

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Volcanoes
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Volcanoes
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Volcanoes
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Movements within the Earth

• Where and why do earthquakes and volcanoes occur?

• 12. Theory of Plate Tectonics
• Earth is made of shifting plates
• Pulling apart
• Moving sideways
• Smashing together
• Earthquakes volcanoes occur at
• Plate boundaries
• Weak areas in the crust

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Plate Tectonics
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Ring of Fire
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Websites
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Assessment

• Compare and contrast fractures and faults

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Assessment

• Describe the interior layers of the Earth

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Assessment

• Compare the processes that create fault block
  mountains and valleys

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Assessment

• Describe the activities that can occur along
  faultlines

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Assessment

• Describe the types of folds that the earths
  crust can undergo

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Assessment

• Relate the theory of plate tectonics to
  earthquake and volcano formation

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Assessment

• Explain how earthquakes occur

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Assessment

• Explain how volcanoes can occur

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Assessment

• Compare compression, tension and shearing

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Assessment

• Describe the differences between domes, plateaus
  and mountains