Some Ideas For Metrology to Extend Capability and Attract Investors and Users from Methods Development Communities

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Some Ideas For Metrology to Extend Capability and
Attract Investors and Users from Methods
Development Communities
Art Ruggles, UTNE
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Void Distribution and Fluid Mixing Measurements,
Time Averaged.

• Radiograpy in 2-D, Fixed Source and Detector
• Radiograpgy in 3-D, Rotating Source and Detector.
• Radiography in 3-D, Central Sources and Rotating
  Detector.
• PET Tracers injected in flow, Mixing studies and
  additional Void Distribution Data, Rotating
  detector array.
• These are additional to more conventional void
  pressure and temperature measurements.
• Time resolved data would also be nice.

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Why Attempt Separate Effects Measurements in
Integral Bundle Tests?

• Enlarge Tent to Include Methods Development
  community (multiphysics simulation and CFD), with
  more government support.
• Moves CHF testing toward separate effects testing
  to support more mechanistic modeling basis.
• Offers larger suite of technology and activities
  for education and research during off-test
  periods.
• Can be promoted without risk to primary fuel
  thermal limit test mission.
• Gives Facility New Features and Forward Looking
  Value (not a resurrection of old testing
  infrastructure.)

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OECD-NEA Benchmark Data, BFBT 2005
CT Pixel
Subchannel
15 second average gamma count data for pixel
level void topology. Conventional 1-D Subchannel
methods can be refined to 3-D CFD. Facility by
JNES. US NRC participated.
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Quick Look at BFBT facility.
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BFBT Benchmark Simulation ResultsTest 4101-61,
Exit Quality 25Baseline
ICONE 17-Tentner and Pointer ANL and CD-Adapco,
2009
Microscopic Distribution
Measured void fraction
Predicted void fraction
This is state of the art for CFD V V.
Channel Averages
Predicted void fraction
Percent Error
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Bigger Tent-Modeling VV

• NEAMS-nuclear energy advanced modeling and
  simulation workshop in May at ANL- AFCI and Gen
  IV focus may change.
• NRC-INL (Shultz) proposing to formalize CFD VV
  so these tools can reliably be used for NRC
  licensing, expects extensive experimental
  campaign with protocols for experiment design and
  code use for simulation of outcomes.
• Vendors are already using CFD for design, test
  planning, and to help resolve fuel performance
  issues. NRC needs to be on board with these
  methods.

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Vendor CHF Mission Leverage

• Void, Flow Distribution, and Diffusivity Data
  Leverage CHF model development
• Full bundle flow enthalpy and void data allow
  Cross Flow term quantification.
• Move CHF models from algebraic representations of
  data (W-3), or tabulations (Groeneveld), to 3-D
  physics based simulations.

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Education and Facility Utilization

• NRC has supported education initiatives, Vendors
  also need qualified fuel performance engineers.
• A standard test section for educational and
  regulatory missions can fill in-between vendor
  test campaigns.
• Universities may also use facility (user
  facility) for other funded research, including
  instrumentation and methods development research.
  

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No Risk, well almost no risk

• Vendors are primary customer, They bring their
  own test sections and may develop their own
  methods.
• Methods that may activate materials will need to
  be carefully planned and controlled (test review
  panel).
• Test spool pieces may be modular to support
  methods that are advantaged by certain material
  properties (low Z or low neutron cross section).

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The History of Fuel Performance
Simulation-Predicting the Future

• Early algebraic models based on Test Data with
  sparse bundle integral information.
• Mechanistic Models
• CFD (Fluid Centered Models) requiring more detail
  on velocity and void profiles, and flow dynamics.
• Multiphysics Models (Thermal, Fluid, Structural)
  which require very dense time coincident data
  fields for verification.
• Direct Numerical Simulations, which require very
  very dense time coincident data fields for
  verification.
• Each level of simulation more closely approaches
  a level of complexity identical to the real
  system.

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Value Added, Forward Looking Instrumentation Suite
Needs Engineering Development Investment, perfect
for leveraging research and education missions of
facility.
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Turbulent Mixing Plume Downstream of Spacer Grid
from PET Image.
HPLC Injection of PET Isotope, 1cc/min.
Rod Bundle is the Patient for PET Imaging,
Data are Useful For Method Validation. May
be Useful in Single and Two Phase Flows
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Incident N Beam from Cyclotron
Neutron Producing Targets in Fuel Simulator
Bundle can make 3-D Imaging Practical