FIRST AMERICANS IN NORTH AMERICA

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FIRST AMERICANS IN NORTH AMERICA
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NORTHWEST

• Northern California, Washington, Oregon
• Alaska
• Eskimo or Inuit
• Igloo
• Abundant food sources
• Thick forests
• Great culture
• Totem Poles

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SOUTHWEST

• Nevada, Arizona, Utah, New Mexico, Southern
  California
• Farmers
• irrigation systems
• Democratic
• Pueblos-cliff dwellings
• Climate Protection
• Little culture-survival

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PLAINS

• Montana, Wyoming, Dakotas, Nebraska, Kansas
• Centered around buffalo
• Different languages-sign language
• Hunters
• Nomads

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EASTERN WOODLAND

• Ohio, New York, Indiana
• Farmers and hunters
• Villages-wigwam
• Matriarchal
• One tribe-Iroquois
• Most feared in East
• Political Alliance-League of the Iroquois

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SOUTHEAST

• Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana,
• Burial Mounds
• Pyramids
• Central America relationship

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EXPLORATION
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WHY EXPLORE?

• 1. Gold-untapped resource for precious metals
  and gems
• 2. New Raw Materials-spices, furs, plants
• 3. Power/fame-land gave countries/rulers power,
  while explorers achieve fame
• Religion-Christianize, freedom to worship

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Changes that led countries to explore

• 1. Political-Rise of strong kings, Nationalism
• 2. Economic-Industrial Revolution, land becomes
  valuable, rise of merchant class
• 3. Religious-Reformation, Church of England
• 4. Science-navigation schools, new equipment,
  new beliefs

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DISCOVERY OF NEW WORLD

• Vikings-1000 AD, Leif Ericson, Vinland
  (Newfoundland, Canada)-not interested in
  settlement
• Christopher Columbus-1492, for Spain, credited
  for discovering the Americas, believed it was
  East Indies
• Amerigo Vespucci-namesake, declared it a new
  land-not East Indies

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COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE

• The change in each society due to the discovery
  of the new world
• Plants/food from America to Europe
• Plants/food/animals from Europe to America
• Diseases
• Mixing of Races

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SPANISH EXPLORATION SETTLEMENT
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EXPLORERS

• 1513-Juan Ponce de Leon
• 1519-Hernando Cortes
• 1532-Francisco Pizzaro
• 1541-Francisco Coronado
• 1541-Hernando de Soto
• 1565-First permanent settlement in North America

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SPAIN

• Reasons for exploration?
• Became the dominant exploring power in the world
• Mistake?