5.02A Keep on Track with Good Nutrition Throughout the Life Cycle

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5.02A Keep on Track with GoodNutrition
Throughoutthe Life Cycle
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The Life Cycles

• Pregancy
• Lactation
• Infancy (0-12 months)
• Toddler (1-3 years)
• Preschool (3 years)
• School-aged
• Teen-aged
• Adults
• Older Adults (50 years)

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Pregancy

• Nutritional Needs
• Increase calories based upon your Doctors
  recommendations.
• Increase water, folic acid, calcium, iron and
  fiber.
• Reduce sodium.

• Foods to Avoid
• Avoid caffeine, alcohol, uncooked hot dogs,
  luncheon meats, soft cheeses, refrigerated meat
  spreads, refrigerated smoked seafood, raw milk.
• No more than two meals per week of fish high in
  mercury.

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Lactation

• Foods to Avoid
• Eat no more than two meals per week of fish high
  in mercury.

• Nutritional Needs
• Increase water, calcium, protein, folic acid.
• Increase calories based upon body weight.

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Infancy (0-12 months)

• Foods to Avoid
• Avoid honey or corn syrup.
• Beware of choking risks.
• Eat no more than two meals per week of fish high
  in mercury.
• Withhold juice until 6 months of age.
• Need whole milk for infants up to two years of
  age.

• Nutritional Needs
• Breastfeeding is recommended.
• When breastfeeding, use Vitamin D supplements.
• Increase iron if formula feeding.
• Mom needs Vitamin K supplements.
• Baby cereal introduced at 4 months of age.
• Table food introduced at 8 months of age.

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Toddler (1-3 years)

• Nutritional Needs
• Increase iron.
• Introduce new flavors and textures in order to
  increase the variety of foods.
• Increase self-feeding. This becomes an important
  developmental milestone.

• Foods to Avoid
• Eat no more than two meals per week of fish high
  in mercury.
• No hot dogs, nuts, seeds, chunks of meat or
  cheese, whole grapes, hard, gooey, or sticky
  candy, popcorn, chunks or peanut butter, raw
  vegetables, raisins, or chewing gum.
• No more than 16-24 ounces of milk or 4-6 ounces
  of juice/day.
• Servings should be ¼ size of adults.

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Preschool (3 years)

• Foods to Avoid
• Eat no more than two meals per week of fish high
  in mercury.

• Nutritional Needs
• Need same variety of foods as adults but in
  smaller proportions.
• Serve about 2/3 of a serving.
• Entice them with foods that are bright in color,
  to make it more appealing.
• Encourage children to try new foods.

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School-aged

• Nutritional Needs
• Balanced diet
• Three servings of dairy daily
• Daily activity based on age, health, body size

• Foods to Avoid
• High-sugar snacks
• Fatty foods

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Teens

• Nutritional Needs
• Eat more carbohydrates.
• Females need more calcium and iron.

• Foods to Avoid
• Avoid fried and saturated fats, excessive salt
  and sugars.

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Adults

• Nutritional Needs
• Follow dietary guidelines for Americans.

• Foods to Avoid
• Avoid excessive weight gain and high calorie
  foods.

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Older Adults (50 years)

• Nutritional Needs
• More vitamin B6, B12, and vitamin D and calcium.
• Follow dietary guideline daily.

• Foods to Avoid
• Eat no more than two meals per week of fish high
  in mercury.
• No unpasteurized cheese, raw fish, raw milk, soft
  cheese, lightly cooked egg, raw meat or poultry
  or raw sprouts.