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WASTE WATER GARDEN

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Title: WASTE WATER GARDEN


1
WASTE WATER GARDEN
  • WASTE WATER TREATMENT FOR TROPICAL ZONE

2
Definition of Waste water Garden
  • Definition of Wastewater Garden
  • An ecological low-cost beautiful solution for
    effective sewage and wastewater treatment.
  • Principally, this method combined the
    conventional waste water treatment with the
    function of plants in the garden as bacterial
    absorber and water purifier. This method also
    transform the appearance of waste water treatment
    plant to become a natural garden or park.

3
History of Waste Water Garden
  • Wastewater Gardens were developed over a decade
    ago (in year 1991) of research by Planetary Coral
    Reef Foundation (PCRF-US) led by DR. Mark Nelson
    in order to
  • Treat and recycle the water inside Biosphere 2
    the worlds largest sealed series of ecosystems
    second to the earth and
  • b) For application in the worlds environment to
    protect freshwater and the ocean from sewage
    pollution.

4
History of Waste Water Garden
  • One of the most striking accomplishments for
    Biosphere 2 is its massive recycling systems.
    Since the year 1991, crew members (Biospherians)
    who had to stay around two years inside the
    Biosphere, have used the same water and recycled
    all waste products inside.
  • The successful implementation of Wastewater
    Garden method in Biosphere 2 lead to the use of
    this system in more common condition, in the real
    life. Until today Wastewater Garden already
    installed in more than 150 homes, hotels,
    businesses, and communities through the world.
    Currently exist in Australia, Indonesia (Bali,
    Sulawesi), Bahamas, Mexico, Poland, Belize,
    Philippines, France, and United States (New
    Mexico).

5
Application of WWG in Indonesia

6
Application of WWG in Indonesia
  • Several places in Indonesia that have waste
    water treatment using this method are
  • BAPEDALDA Headquarters, Sanur, Bali
  • Bruce Residence, Jimbaran, Bali
  • Catherine Wheeler Residence, Ubud, Bali
  • Coconuts Beach Resort, Lembongan Island
  • Froggies Divers, Manado - Bunaken, Sulawesi
  • Hugo Residence, Bali
  • Jill Posner residence, Ubud, Bali
  • Legian Community Clinic, Bali
  • Lembeh Resort, Bitung, North Sulawesi

7
Application of WWG in Indonesia
  • Lumba-Lumba Diving, Manado, Sulawesi
  • MAP Tiwoho Community Center - Bunaken, Sulawesi
  • Muir/ Kusnanto Residence, Petitenget, Bali
  • Murex Dive Resort, Sulawesi
  • Padi Padi Hotel, Bali
  • Rama Sitha Resort, Bali
  • Sacred Mountain Sanctuary Resort, Sideman, Bali
  • Salman/Frost Residence, Bali
  • Sunrise School, Legian, Bali
  • Tirtagangga Water Palace, Karangasem, Bali
  • Vajra Villas, Ubud, Bali
  • Villa Tamu, Bali

8
Technology / WWG Process
  • The system works by a gravity flow of wastewater
    from toilets, showers, and kitchens into a
    properly designed and sealed septic tanks and
    then into the specially engineered subsurface
    flow wetland cell which keeps the wastewater
    below the surface of the gravel, preventing odor
    and eliminating the risk of human contact with
    the sewage.

9
Technology / WWG Process
  • The system normally consists of three wastewater
    treatment phases
  • First stage is taking place in septic tank
    equipped with special filter, where anaerobic
    bacteria commence a biological breakdown of the
    waste, and solids settle out to the bottom of the
    tank.

10
Technology / WWG Process
  • The second stage of the treatment of Wastewater
    Garden is the water-tight (lined with concrete,
    impermeable clay or geomembrane to hold
    wastewater in) comprising just one compartment
    (cell) in small systems and more compartments in
    larger applications.

11
Technology / WWG Process
  • The gravel allows for adequate residence time
    for the wastewater and provides an enormous
    surface area where a wide variety of chemical,
    biological and physical mechanisms cleanse the
    wastewater by removing organic compounds,
    suspended solids and excess nutrients.
  • The plants are the aerators of the system, which
    helps maintain a population of air-breathing
    microbes (aerobic bacteria) which are part of the
    treatment process.

12
Technology / WWG Process
  • The presence of aerobic and anaerobic zones
    supports a wide variety of helpful organisms
    bacteria, protozoa, algae and fungi (10-100
    billion per 1 g of soil).
  • These organisms uptake the nutrients from the
    wastewater and use them for their own life
    processes.
  • There are also other mechanism for example
    adsorption, decomposition, sedimentation.

13
Technology / WWG Process
  • The third treatment stage is discharge of the
    treated wastewater to a final leach field, where
    fruit trees or other landscape plants can utilize
    remaining nutrients and water, or water pond
    provides

14
WWG Construction Process
  • Tank Preparation

Control box configuration
15
WWG Construction Process
  • Finished tank with sand and gravel
  • Plantation planting

16
Advantages of WWG
  • Fecal coliform bacteria are reduced more than 99
    in the wetlands, without the use of expensive,
    environmentally harmful chemicals like chlorine.
  • Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) reduced 85-90
    from influent levels, and removal of nitrogen and
    phosphorus is substantial.
  • The wetlands are low-cost, low-tech and
    long-lived. Maintenance requirements are simple.
  • There is no malodor as the sewage is kept from
    contact with the air.

17
Advantages of WWG
  • There are no mosquito-breeding or other nuisances
    associated with open wastewater (e.g. sewage
    lagoons or surface-flow wetlands).
  • The possibility of accidental public contact with
    the sewage reduced to someone deliberately
    digging into the wetland gravel.
  • Subsurface flow wetland systems are capable of
    extremely high rates of wastewater cleaning.
  • Where higher treatment than normal municipal
    standards is required for special purposes, an
    increase in wetland area provides the equivalent
    of advanced water treatment.

18
Advantages of WWG
  • Significantly less wastewater (35-70 depending
    on design) is discharged from these special
    wetlands, because the plants use large quantities
    of water in their transpiration.
  • Subsurface wetlands can be exactly sized from
    small units for a single residence to larger
    areas for small city/town systems and so no
    surplus capacity need be paid for than is needed.
    On the other hand, new demands can easily be met
    by simple unit expansion
  • The sub-surface wetland systems add considerably
    to the landscape beauty in communities where they
    are used, and can also include plants to be
    harvested for useful or saleable products.

19
Disadvantages of WWG
  • The effectiveness of this system are less in
    sub-tropical zones than in tropical zones, due to
    the varieties of plant which could be planted and
    the changing seasons.
  • The gravel have to be renew for every ten year
    since the compacting process of gravel by time
    cause the shrinkage in gravel porosity.

20

Thank You !
21
Data
  • Detailed research was conducted on the
    Wastewater Gardens systems constructed along the
    coast of the Yucatan, in southeastern Mexico, and
    the results critically checked by University of
    Florida scientists.
  • These Wastewater Gardens systems prevented
    pollution damage to off-shore coral reefs, using
    3-4 square meters of wetland per full-time
    resident. Similar treatment was also achieved in
    pilot program Wastewater Gardens systems in the
    Kimberley region of West Australia.

22
Data
  • B.O.D. Graph
  • Data shows the excellent reduction of about 85
    in the demonstration Wastewater Gardens in Mexico
    in the amount of organic material in the
    wastewater, to levels better than standard
    amounts.

23
Data
  • Bio Diversity Graph
  • Data shows the high bio-diversity which can be
    achieved in Wastewater Gardens. In the early
    years it was three times that of mangrove wetland
    and almost equal to an adjoining tropical forest
    area.

24
Data
  • Phosphorus Graph
  • Data shows the effectiveness of Wastewater
    Gardens in putting phosphorus to effective use by
    plants and natural bacteria and preventing
    contamination of groundwater and the environment.

25
Data

26
Sacred Mountain Sanctuary Resort Sideman, Bali,
Indonesia
27
Sacred Mountain Sanctuary Resort Sideman, Bali,
Indonesia
28
Padi-Padi Resort Villas, Ubud, Bali, Indonesia
29
Posner Residence, Tjampuhan Ubud, Bali, Indonesia
30
Starr Residence, Sideman, Karangasem, Bali,
Indonesia
31
Vajras Villa, Ubud - Bali
32
Vajras Villa, Ubud - Bali
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