The Planets

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The Planets
M E R C U R Y
N E P T U N E
V E N U S
E A R T H
M A R S
S A T U R N
U R A N U S
J U P I T E R
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Terrestrial Planets
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Rocky Planets
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Jovian Planets
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Gas Planets
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Rocky Planets
Gas Planets
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Surface Temperature
Very Hot
0o freezing point of water
Very Cold
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Axial Tilt
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Gravity Strength
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Gravity Strength
100
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Gravity Strength
38
100
90
38
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Gravity Strength
254
100
108
91
119
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Gravity Strength
254
100
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Gravity Strength
100
108
91
119
90
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Gravity Strength
38
100
38
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Gravity Strength
254
38
100
108
91
119
90
38
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Magnetic Field Strength
1400
0
1
100
0
70
40
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Slow rotation
Slow rotation
Core ???
Need fast rotation and liquid metallic core
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Zonal Wind Patterns
Slow rotation
Slow rotation
Core ???
No atm weak gravity
Fast rotation creates zonal wind patterns
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Orbital Velocity
around sun
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Orbital Velocity
around sun
Fast 30mi/s
0 mi/s
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Gods and Facts of the Planets
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Hermes - Mercury
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Hermes - Mercury
Hermes is Zeus fast messenger. Mercury is the
fastest moving planet in our sky.
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Mercury

• Closest planet to the sun.

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Mercury

• Closest planet to the sun.
• Smallest planet in the solar system.

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Mercury

• Closest planet to the sun.
• Smallest planet in the solar system.
• Mercurys mass is 20 times smaller then earths.

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Mercury
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Mercury
Mercurys center is liquid iron.
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Mercury
Mercurys center is liquid iron.
Mercury goes around the sun faster than any other
planet just like Hermes, the Messenger God.
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Mercury
Mercurys surface can get REALLY hot and REALLY
cold at the same time.
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Mercury
The temperature during the day on Mercury can
reach over 800oF
Mercurys surface can get REALLY hot and REALLY
cold at the same time.
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Mercury
Mercurys surface can get REALLY hot and REALLY
cold at the same time.
WHY?????
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Mercury
On Earth one axial spin one day Not true
for other planets
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Mercury
Mercurys spins on its axis 3 times every 2
trips around the sun which is one day.
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Mercury
Mercurys spins on its axis 3 times every 2
trips around the sun which is one day. 1 Mercury
day 2 years (orbits) 3 axial spins
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Mercury
Mercurys spins on its axis 3 times every 2
trips around the sun which is one day.
1 axial spin 59 Earth days
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Mercury
Mercurys spins on its axis 3 times every 2
trips around the sun which is one day.
1 axial spin 59 Earth days
1 orbit 88 Earth days
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Mercury
Mercurys spins on its axis 3 times every 2
trips around the sun which is one day.
1 axial spin 59 Earth days
1 orbit 88 Earth days
3(59) 2(88) about 176 Earth days
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Mercury
1 Mercury day (noon to noon) is equal to 176
Earth days
1 axial spin 59 Earth days
1 orbit 88 Earth days
3(59) 2(88) about 176 Earth days
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Midnight ½ Mercury Day
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Aphrodite - Venus
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Aphrodite - Venus
Aphrodite is the goddess of love and beauty.
Venus is the brightest planet in our sky.
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Venus
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Venus
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Venus
Venus path around the sun is almost a perfect
circle.
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Venus
Venus path around the sun is almost a perfect
circle.
Venus spins on its axis in the opposite direction
from all the other planets
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Venus
Atmosphere of Venus is made up of clouds of
Carbon Dioxide
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Venus
Atmosphere of Venus is made up of clouds of
Carbon Dioxide
These clouds cause Runaway Greenhouse Effect
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Venus
The temperature on Venus is extremely HOT !!!!
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Venus
The temperature on Venus is extremely HOT !!!!
This is because lots of Greenhouse gases hold in
the heat that comes from the Sun to Venus.
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Venus
Venus is the brightest object in our sky not
including the sun or moon.
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Venus
Venus and Earth are often called Sister Planets
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Venus
Venus and Earth are often called Sister Planets
Venus has no moons
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Gaia - Earth
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Gaia - Earth
Gaia is known as mother earth. Which is how our
planet got the name.
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Earth
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Earth

• Earth is 93 million miles from the sun.
  
• .

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Earth

• Only planet with life
• .

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Earth

• Only planet with all 3 forms of water (liquid,
  solid, gas)
• .

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Earth

• Only planet with all 3 forms of water (liquid,
  solid, gas)
• What other planet
• has water on it?

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Earth

• Only planet with all 3 forms of water (liquid,
  solid, gas)
• Frozen water was
• found on..

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Ares - Mars
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Ares - Mars
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Ares - Mars
Ares is the god of war. Mars appears blood-red
the results of a war.
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Mars
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Mars
Sometimes called the Red Planet
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Mars
Sometimes called the Red Planet
Why??????
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Mars
The Rocky Planet farthest from the sun
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Mars
The Rocky Planet farthest from the sun
Name the other 3 Rocky Planets
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Mars
1 day on Mars is close to 1 day on Earth
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Mars
Mars has more volcanoes than any other planet in
our solar system
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Mars
Mars has more volcanoes than any other planet in
our solar system
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Mars
Mars has more volcanoes than any other planet in
our solar system
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Mars
Mars has more volcanoes than any other planet in
our solar system
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Mars
Mars has more volcanoes than any other planet in
our solar system
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Mars
Mars has more volcanoes than any other planet in
our solar system
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Mars
Mars has more volcanoes than any other planet in
our solar system
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Mars
Mars has more volcanoes than any other planet in
our solar system
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Mars
Mars has more volcanoes than any other planet in
our solar system
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Mars
Mars has more volcanoes than any other planet in
our solar system
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Mars
Mars has more volcanoes than any other planet in
our solar system
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Mars
Mars has more volcanoes than any other planet in
our solar system
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Mars
Mars has more volcanoes than any other planet in
our solar system
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Mars
Mars has more volcanoes than any other planet in
our solar system
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Mars
Mars has more volcanoes than any other planet in
our solar system
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Mars
Mars has more volcanoes than any other planet in
our solar system
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Mars
Mars has more volcanoes than any other planet in
our solar system
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Mars
Mars has more volcanoes than any other planet in
our solar system
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Mars
Mars has more volcanoes than any other planet in
our solar system
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Zeus - Jupiter
Zeus- God of all Gods
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Zeus - Jupiter
Zeus was the ruler of all Gods the big man.
Jupiter is the biggest of all planets.
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Jupiter
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Jupiter
Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system
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Jupiter
Jupiter is 1000 times bigger than Earth
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Jupiter
Jupiters rings are made up of rocky and icy dust
particles from meteors that .
Jupiters rings are made up of rocky and icy dust
particles from meteors that exploded!
Jupiters rings are made up of rocky and icy dust
particles from meteors that .
Jupiters rings are made up of rocky and icy dust
particles from meteors that exploded!
Jupiters rings are made up of rocky and icy dust
particles from meteors that exploded!
Jupiters rings are made up of rocky and icy dust
particles from meteors that .
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Jupiter
Jupiters day is about 10 hours long
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Jupiter
Just enough time to wake up
go to school sleep 2 hours start all
over again
Jupiters day is about 10 hours long
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Jupiter
Scientists have discovered 63 moons around
Jupiter and expect to find more
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Jupiter
Jupiter is made up of hydrogen and helium gas
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Jupiter
Jupiter is made up of hydrogen and helium gas
the deeper you go into Jupiter,
the gas becomes frozen solid
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Jupiter
There is a really large Hurricane on Jupiter
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Jupiter
There is a really large Hurricane on
Jupiter Great Red Spot
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Jupiter
There is a really large Hurricane on
Jupiter Great Red Spot It is a High-Pressure
System in the Southern Hemisphere
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Jupiter
Spins counterclockwise once every 6 days Great
Red Spot It is a High-Pressure System in the
Southern Hemisphere
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Jupiter
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Cronus - Saturn
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Cronus - Saturn
Cronus was the father of Zeus. Zeus is Jupiter,
so Saturn is the father of Jupiter.
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Saturn
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Saturn
Saturn is made up of gas just like Jupiter
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Saturn
It takes soooo long for Saturn to go around the
sun (1 year) that one birthday on Saturn is like
35 birthdays on Earth
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Saturn
Different parts of Saturn rotate at different
speeds
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Uranus - Ouranos
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Uranus - Ouranos
Uranus was head of the heavens and earliest
supreme god. Uranus was the first planet found
in modern times.
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Uranus
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Uranusyoure a nus
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Uranus
Uranus has rings like Saturn but they are
faint
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Uranus
It takes sooo long for Uranus to go around the
sun (1 year) that one birthday on Uranus is like
84 birthdays on Earth
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Uranus
Even with a , Uranus
is hard to see.
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Uranus
Even with a , Uranus
is hard to see.
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Uranus
First planet discovered by using a
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Poseidon - Neptune
Poseidon- God of the Seas
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Poseidon - Neptune
Poseidon was the God of the Seas. Neptune is the
color of the blue seas because of its gases.
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Poseidon - Neptune
Neptunes location was predicted before it was
discovered.
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Neptune
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Neptune
Scientists predicted Neptunes location before
anyone found it.
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Neptune
Neptune has rings and is made up of gas like
Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus
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Neptune
Voyager 2 Spacecraft is the only spacecraft to
visit Neptune so far.
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Neptune
Neptune looks blue because the gases of the
planet absorbs the red light.
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Neptune
Neptune has the strongest winds of all the planets
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Hades - Pluto
Hades- God of the Underworld
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Hades - Pluto
Hades is the God of the Underworld. Pluto is so
far from the sun it is always dark -like the
underworld.
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Hades - Pluto
Pluto is now called a Dwarf Planet It does not
fit our new definition of a planet.
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Why Isn't Pluto a Planet Anymore?
Scientists discovered it was smaller than they
thought at first, even smaller than Mercury. They
knew that Pluto's orbit was unlike the other
planets.
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Why Isn't Pluto a Planet Anymore?
Planets can only orbit the sun However Pluto
and its moon, Charon, orbit each other
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The End of Planets
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Pluto Comets Asteroids Meteoroids
Pluto Comets Asteroids
Pluto Comets
Pluto
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Mars
Venus
Earth
Pluto
Saturn
Uranus
Mercury
Jupiter
Neptune
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Pluto
Asteroids (meteoroids)
Comet
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• Origin
• Planet beyond Neptune
• Fragment from Kuiper Belt?
• Moon of Neptune
• Planet? Asteroid? Moon?

Pluto
Answer Unknown
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• Scientists now think Pluto is a
• Fragment from Kuiper Belt?

Pluto
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Sun
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8 Planets
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Origin of Pluto
Kuiper Belt
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Scientists have found many objects that look like
Pluto in the Kuiper Belt
Kuiper Belt
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Oort Cloud (which we will talk about later)
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Plutos path around the sun is opposite the other
planets
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Pluto
Asteroids (meteoroids)
Comet
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Comet
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Comets
COMETS are icy pieces of rock dust that orbit the
sun.
The TAIL is comet material being burnt off by the
sun.
The TAIL always points away from the sun because
of the solar winds pushing the debris away.
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Sun
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8 Planets
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Kuiper Belt
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Short-Term Comets
Kuiper Belt
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Oort Cloud
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Oort Cloud
Long-Term Comets
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COMETS
Orbit
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COMETS
Orbit
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COMETS
Orbit
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COMETS
Orbit
Pushed away from sun by solar winds
Ion tail
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COMETS
Orbit
Ion tail
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COMETS
Orbit
Heavy particles lag behind, making a curved tail
Dust tail
Ion tail
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COMETS
Orbit
Dust tail
Ion tail
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COMETS
Orbit
Dust tail
Ion tail
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COMETS
Orbit
Dust tail
Ion tail
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COMETS
Composition
Dust tail
Ion tail
Nucleus
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COMETS
Composition
Dust tail
Ion tail
Nucleus
Coma
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COMETS
Composition
Dust tail
Ion tail
Nucleus
Coma
Hydrogen envelope
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COMETS
Composition
Tail
Dust tail
Ion tail
Nucleus
Coma
Hydrogen envelope
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Pluto
Asteroids (meteoroids)
Comet
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Asteroids
-they orbit the sun-irregular shape small to
large object-solid object such as rock
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Asteroids (meteoroids)
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Asteroid Belt Most originate from here
M
E
J
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Trojan Asteroids
M
E
J
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impact of a 1Km Asteroid100 times the
destruction of all nuclear weapons
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Oh Dear
Oh Dear
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KABOOM
Dramatization
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Dramatization
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Dramatization
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-chunk of rock or metal-smaller than
asteroid-orbits the sun
Meteoroid
-streak of light-shooting star-cause
meteoroid or comet dust entering atmosphere
Meteor
Meteorite
-meteoroid that has entered the atmosphere
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-chunk of rock or metal-smaller than
asteroid-orbits the sun
Meteoroid
Meteorite
-meteoroid that has entered the atmosphere
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-streak of light-shooting star-cause
meteoroid or comet dust entering atmosphere
Meteor
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Meteors, Meteoroids, and Meteorites
Meteor
Atmosphere
-part of meteoroid, asteroid, or
comet -burns up in atmosphere -shooting
star -streak of light
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Meteors, Meteoroids, and Meteorites
Meteoroid
Atmosphere
-Outside atmosphere -orbits Sun -smaller than
asteroid
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Meteors, Meteoroids, and Meteorites
Meteorite
Atmosphere
-enters atmosphere -hits ground -usually very
small
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Meteors, Meteoroids, and Meteorites
Meteorite
Atmosphere
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Meteors, Meteoroids, and Meteorites
Meteorite
Atmosphere
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Meteors, Meteoroids, and Meteorites
Meteorite
Atmosphere
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Meteors, Meteoroids, and Meteorites
Meteorite
Atmosphere
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Meteors, Meteoroids, and Meteorites
Meteorite
Atmosphere
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Meteors, Meteoroids, and Meteorites
Meteorite
Atmosphere
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The End