Title: Do Now: 1) What are the five theories for why we dream?
1- Do Now 1) What are the five theories for why we
dream? - 2) What is REM rebound?
2Sleep Disorders Insomnia
- Somnambulism Sleepwalking.
- Nightmares Frightening dreams that wake a
sleeper from REM. - Night terrors Sudden arousal from sleep with
intense fear accompanied by physiological
reactions (e.g., rapid heart rate, perspiration)
that occur during SWS.
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3Sleep Disorders Insomnia
- Narcolepsy Overpowering urge to fall asleep that
may occur while talking or standing up. - Sleep apnea Failure to breathe when asleep.
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4Dreams
- The link between REM sleep and dreaming has
opened up a new era of dream research.
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5AIM Why do we dream?
6What do we Dream?
- Negative Emotional Content
- Failure Dreams
- Sexual Dreams
- Dreams of Gender
- 5. Lucid Dreaming- the ability to be aware of
and/or in control of dreaming
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7Why do we dream?
- 1. Wish Fulfillment
- -Proposed by Freud in The Interpretation of
Dreams - -The dreams manifest (apparent) content may
also have symbolic meanings (latent content) - -Latent content signifies our unacceptable
feelings. -
- http//www.dreammoods.com/
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8- Manifest Content Your sister drinking red punch
- Latent Content BLOOD!!!!
9Why is Freuds theory criticized?
- NOT SCIENTIFIC
- NO COMPELLING
- EVIDENCE
10 Why do we dream?
- 2. Information Processing Dreams may help sift,
sort, and fix a days experiences in our
memories.
11Why do we dream?
- Physiological Function Dreams are stimulation to
develop and preserve neural pathways.
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12Why do we dream?
- Activation-Synthesis Theory (Hobson and
McCarley) - -Activation the pons and emotional areas
generates random bursts of action potentials to
the forebrain - - Synthesis dreamer makes up a story line
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13Why do we Dream?
- 5. Cognitive Development We dream as a part of
brain maturation and cognitive development.
14- When deprived of REM sleep and then allowed
to sleep, we show increased REM sleep called REM
Rebound.
15Hypnosis
http//iddiokrysto.blog.excite.it
Hypnos Greek god of sleep
- An altered state of consciousness characterized
by deep relaxation and heightened suggestibility
Franz Mesmer (1734 - 1815)
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16Aspects of Hypnosis
- Posthypnotic Suggestion Suggestion carried out
after the subject is no longer hypnotized. - Posthypnotic Amnesia Supposed inability to
recall what one experienced during hypnosis.
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17Hypnotic Feats
- Strength, stamina, and perceptual and memory
abilities similarly affect those who are
hypnotized and those who are not hypnotized.
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18Facts and Falsehood
- Those who practice hypnosis agree that its power
resides in the subjects openness to suggestion.
Can anyone experience hypnosis?
Yes, to some extent.
Can hypnosis enhance recall of forgotten events?
No.
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19Facts and Falsehood
No.
Can hypnosis force people to act against their
will?
Can hypnosis be therapeutic?
Yes. Self-suggestion can heal too.
Yes. Lamaze can do that too.
Can hypnosis alleviate pain?
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20Is Hypnosis an Altered State of Consciousness?
- Social Influence Theory Hypnotic subjects may
simply be imaginative actors playing a social
role. - Divided Consciousness Theory (Hilgard) Hypnosis
is a special state of dissociated (divided)
consciousness
Courtesy of News and Publications Service,
Stanford University
(Hilgard, 1992)
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21Both Theories
Mimi Forsyth
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