Chapter 1, Basic Issues in Environmental Science

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• Chapter 1, Basic Issues in Environmental Science
• Chapter 2, Thinking Critically about the
  Environment in D.B. Botkin and E.A. Keller, 2003,
  Environmental Science Earth as a Living Planet,
  4th edition, John Wiley

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• ???????????,??????????????

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• ??????????(?????)
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• ??????????????(?CO2 ?????????SARS????)
• ???????????(?????????????)
• ???(???????????)

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• ???? (Human Population)
• ???????? (Sustainability)
• ????????(Global Perspective)
• ????? (Urbanization)
• ?????? (Science and Value)

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• ??35?,????????(?25???61?)???? (Population Bomb)

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• 1970???,Sahel ???????????????500,000?????,????????
  ??
• ????????????,??????????????????????(carrying
  capacity)???????????
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???(Sustainability)

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• 1. ???????? (sustainable resource harvest)
• 2. ??????? (sustainable ecosystem)
• ???????,??? ??
• 1. ???? (sustainable economy)
• 2. ???? (sustainable development)

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???(Carrying Capacity)

• Carrying Capacity is defined as the maximum
  number of individuals of a species that can be
  sustained by an environment without decreasing
  the capacity of the environment to sustain that
  same amount in the future.
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??? (Global Perspective)

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• Gaia Hypothesis (proposed by James Lovelock) The
  Earth is alive a single entity an organism.
• The environment at a global level has been
  profoundly changed by life over the history of
  life on Earth These changes have tended to
  improve the chances for continuation of life.

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??? (Urbanization)

• ?????75 ?????????????38 ????????
• ???2025?,2/3 ??(?50?)??????
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?????? (Science and Value)

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?????? (Justification)

• ?????? (Utilitarian Justification)
• ?????? (Ecological Justification)
• ?????? (Aesthetic Justification)
• ?????? (Moral Justification)

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• GAIA Hypothesis
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• Do Rocks Have Right? By Roderick Nash.