Stopping of root canals in the temporal and second teeth at children with accounting the state of root. Types of the roots stopping. Testimony. Technique of stopping of root

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Stopping of root canals in the temporal and
second teeth at children with accounting the
state of root. Types of the roots stopping.
Testimony. Technique of stopping of root
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After a sciagraphy picture distinguish 5 stages
of development of root of tooth and per?odont

• ?- the stage of growth of root in length
• II- the stage of the unformed apex
• III- the stage of the unclosed apex
• IV- the stage of unformed per?odont
• V- the stage of the fully formed root and
  per?odont.

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Distinguish 3 types of rezorbation of roots of
temporal teeth (T. F. Vinogradova, 1967).

• The first type is characterized by even
  rezorbation of all roots of, which begins in the
  area of apexes and spreads in vertical direction
  the signs of rezorbation in the area of
  bifurcation are minimum, rezorbation of roots
  prevails.
• For a 2 type the characteristic is that next to
  partial rezorbation of roots and rezorbation of
  one root prevails in the area of bifurcation,
  that reverse to the rudiment of the second teeth
  at overhead large cheek-teeth this above all
  things disto - buccal root, in lower is distal.
• For a 3th type characteristic predominance of
  rezorbation in the area of bifurcation the
  maintainance of morphological safety of apex part
  of root is possible. In the area of ??????????
  often there is connection with crown pulp.

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Delivery of Irrigants Syringe Commercial
endodontic syringes have a fine bore to allow
delivery of irrigant into the apical part of the
root canal system. Gauge 27 needles are
manufactured with a cut away tip to allow
irrigant to pass out sideways and reduce the risk
of apical extrusion.
A Monoject syringe, which has a safe-ended tip
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Placing a rubber stop on the needle will prevent
extrusion of irrigant beyond the apex of the
tooth
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Prebending the needle against a ruler
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Hand irrigation in a mandibular molar
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Intracanal medicaments are advocated to
Eliminate bacteria after chemomechanical
instrumentation Reduce inflammation of the
periapical tissues Dissolve remaining organic
material Counteract coronal microleakage.
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Properties of resorcin - formalin liquid

• The act of this liquid (mixtures) is based on
  destroying microorganisms the pair of
  formaldehyde and near apical property of
  resorcin. A liquid easily fills root-canals,
  deeply penetrate in dentinal tubulis and after
  polymerization locks them, insulates a root-canal
  from periodontitis. Getting to periodont, a
  liquid destroys ephithelial mews and granulation
  fabric. Reactive inflammation which arises up
  ends with scarring and formation of bone fabric.
  It is negative property of resorcin - formalin
  liquid colouring tooth in a rose color. To
  prevent colouring, insulate the crowns of the
  tooth to treatment a crown is oiled by Vaseline
  or is inundated by a beeswax, gypsum, dentine,
  abandoning opening for penetration in a
  root-canal before the isolation of crown of the
  tooth in a root-canal enter and abandon a root
  needle with a roller, which is then drawn out.
  After treatment of root-canals by a impregnation
  method they are stopped by paste, to cements.

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Technique of preparation of resorcin - formalin
liquid

• A liquid is prepared immediately in front of
  application consistently mix up two parts of
  formalin, two parts of resorcin, one part I will
  rub caustic the warm liquid (mixture) of
  darkly-cherry blossom appears. In a few hours
  this liquid acquires oily consistency viscid,
  then hardens and is done glassy.

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STOPPING OF CHANNELS

• Stopping of root-canal at patients with
  per?odontitis is the important stage of
  endodontical therapy. Two basic tasks decide in
  the case of high-quality his implementation.
  Foremost, stopping of channel has for an object
  to create a barrier between the external and
  internal environments of organism. The features
  of morphology of cavity of tooth do not allow
  fully to delete the organic matters which
  disintegrated, and also attain the state of
  sterility of channel. That is why air-tight
  stopping of channels is the unique mean of
  blockade and rendering harmless of toxic products
  of disintegration and microorganisms in a
  channel, apical delta and dentinal tubulis.
• Secondly, a mean which fills a channel
  unavoidable contacts with per?odont, that is why
  he must be the neutral matter biologically, to
  correct not the irritating operating on fabrics.
  The channel stopping must guard per?odont from
  external irritants. In addition, as there is an
  inflammatory process in periapical fabrics,
  stopping must act part of original medical
  bandage, which corrects the medicinal operating
  on inflammation and thus stimulates the processes
  of regeneration. This role of the channel
  stopping can be realized, foremost, on condition
  of its introduction to the root-canal and dense
  filling him to per?odont. Only in such case terms
  are created for biological influence on a
  pathological hearth in periapical fabrics.

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At the end of the XIX item such requirements
belonged to the channel stopping

• Stopping not must disintegrate.
• It must be antiseptic characteristics.
• Not must correct the irritating operating on
  per?odont and periapical fabrics.
• Not must have pore and suck in secrets which are
  selected from a periapical area and is
  disintegrated.
• Material of stopping must be easily brought into
  a root-canal.
• Material of stopping not must decolorize tooth.
• Material of stopping must be readily-removable
  from a channel.

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Gofung (1943) added the followings requirements
to stopping

• 1 Stopping must achieve apex, densely filling a
  channel and dentinal tubulis.
• 2 To be X ray contrast.
• 3 To render harmless maintenance of root-canal,
  forming the compound with him.
• 4 To be not washed by a tissue liquid which goes
  out from a periapical area.
• 5 Must fill not only a basic channel but also
  lateral channels of root.

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In our time for the best choice of the endocanal
stopping main its properties are incorporated in
3 groups.

• I. Biological properties
• Endocanal stopping not must damage periapical
  fabric.
• Must correct the protracted antibacterial action.
• Must stimulate reparetion processes in per?odont.
• Not must sensibilisate organism and to have
  antigens internalss.
• II. Physical and chemical
• 1. Endocanal stopping must have high adhesion, to
  provide its tripping with the walls of channel
  even in the conditions of humidity, densely to
  close the apical opening and dentinal tubulis.
• Not must change physically, that to have not pore
  and contraction.
• Not must change chemically, that to dissolve not
  in a tissue liquid.
• To be X ray contrast.
• To paint not a tooth.
• III. Technological (practical)
• Endocanal stopping is guilty it is easily to
  prepare and be added to treatment.
• To be plastic and it is easily to fill a channel.
• 3. To be added to deleting from a channel in the
  case of necessity.

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To pasture on the basis of hydrooxide of calcium

• Due to the reaction (?? about 12) hydrooxide of
  calcium at filling to them of root-canal operates
  bactericidal, destroys necrotizing fabrics,
  stimulates osteo-,dentine- and cementogenesis.
  Application of incongealable paste on the basis
  of hydroxide of calcium is rotined for the
  temporal stopping of channel in treatment of
  destructive forms of per?odontit, cyst -
  granulation and root cysts.
• Carefully treated instrumental and medicinal a
  channel is filled by paste by canalfiller. At
  destructive forms the leadingout is recommended
  to pasture for an apex. A tooth is closed by an
  air-tight bandage. In 34 weeks hydroxide of
  calcium in a channel is replaced by fresh
  portion, and then one time in two months. After
  achieving a positive result a channel is cleared
  and is stopped by permanent solidifiable
  material.
• For the temporal stopping of root-canals such
  preparations are produced on the basis of
  hydroxide of calcium "Kalasept" (Skania Dental),
  "Multi-Cal", "Tempkanal" (Pulpdent), "Sealapex"
  (Kerr).
• Some of them contain iodoform "Endocal"
  (Septodont), "Vitapex" (Japan), "Metapex"
  (Korea), hydroxiapatit "Cal Ultra" (Ultradent)
  kortizon "Biocalex" (Slump).

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Classification of materials for the permanent
stopping of root-canals 1. Pastes-encapsulants
which harden. Simple (on zincoxideevgenol basis,
zincoxideevgenol paste and polymeric (synthetic
"?? 26", "Plus AH", Dentsply "Diaket",
ESPE). With the therapeutic action (on
zincoxideevgenol basis "Endospad", Dentsply
"Pulpispad" "Endometasone", Septodont and on
polymeric basis "Sealapex", Kerr).
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2. Primary hardening fillers.

• Plastic (gutta-perchas pins).
• Hard(silver pins).
• Combined ("Thermafil", Dentsply).

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Depophorez by copper-calcium hydroxide

• This method combines medicinal treatment and
  stopping of root-canal. A method is developed and
  scientifically grounded by the known professor
  German by a scientist-chemist A. Knapvost.
• Testimony. Depophorez is rotined at treatment of
  teeth with gangrenous content of channels, with
  devitaelising tailings of mash, fi channels, at
  granulomatous per?odontit, roots cysts, presence
  of perforations, with the wreckages of
  instruments, and also teeth, earlier treatment
  without result by a endodontical method.
• The strong bactericidal action and deep
  penetration of the steady-state system of
  hydroxide of copper-calcium of ?u??(O)2 of lies
  in basis of method, that consists of 3 active
  components ions of hydroxiapatit, ions of
  colloid hydroxide of copper and hydroxylic ions.
• Hydroxide of copper-calcium is effective against
  anaerobic bacteria and mushrooms aerobic his
  polyvalency bactericidal action by the ions of
  copper of Cu or Cu(OH) 42" is provided due to
• to the proteolisis action of ??-ions
• to destruction of hydroxicopper albumens of
  microorganisms by deleting of sulphur from amino
  acids
• disintegration membranes of microorganisms
  and their spores forms.
• Duration of the bactericidal influencing of
  hydroxide of copper-calcium is based on ability
  of sulfide of copper under the action of oxygen
  again to grow into the sulfate of copper of,
  which is able again to enter into the reaction
  with the sulfur-containing albumens of microbes.
  That is why disinfectant ability of ions of
  copper recommences constantly.

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• Name all types of stopping of root-canals the
  roots stopping by a gutta-percha.
• This
• it is stopping only by plastic stopping
  materials
• stopping by pins is in combination with a filler
• stopping by a gutta-percha.
• . The same thingcones
• method of central pin, or one cone
• sectional method of stopping of channel.
  Multicone
• method of cold lateral condensation of
  gutta-percha
• method of hot lateral condensation of
  gutta-percha
• method of vertical condensation of hot
  gutta-percha
• stopping of root-canal by a
  termahplastic gutta-percha (systems of
  "Thermafil", "Quick-Fil").

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Hot lateral condensation of gutta-percha
A cone is selected that corresponds to the apical
dimension and taper of the prepared root
canal. It is fitted to the working length with
tug-back.
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A cold finger spreader is inserted alongside the
master cone and gentle lateral condensation is
applied. A heated spreader is then placed in the
space and used to adapt the gutta percha whilst
it is thermoplasticized. Spreaders should be
removed from the canal when they are cold to
avoid displacing the gutta percha. Pressure
should be applied to counteract the shrinkage
that occurs during cooling.
A light coating of sealer is placed on to the
walls of the root canal using a hand file,
endosonic file or gutta percha point.
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An accessory cone is coated in sealer and
inserted into the space created by the
spreaders. The sequence for lateral condensation
is the same as before cold finger spreader first
followed by the heated spreader. Gentle lateral
forces are used to adapt the cones while cooling.
The gutta percha cones are cut off level with the
pulp floor using an electric heater tip or hot
instrument. Vertical pressure is applied with a
cold plugger for several seconds.
The process is repeated with more accessory
cones.
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The down pack The cone is cut off level with the
pulp floor using the system B tip. Light
pressure is applied with a cold Machtou plugger
(Maillefer, Bellaigues, Switzerland). The
activated System B tip is plunged apically into
the gutta percha until the stop is 2-3 mm short
of the reference point. The wave of compaction
is continued without heat until the rubber stop
is at the reference point. Apical pressure is
applied for 10 seconds as the gutta percha
cools. A short burst of heat is applied and the
System B tip is removed. A cold plugger is used
to compact the apical segment of gutta percha.
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MUMMIFYING PASTE
TUBULISEPT, INTERMEDIARY TREATMENT PASTE
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