Title: Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web
1Chapter 2
- Communications, Networks, the Internet, and the
World Wide Web
2CHAPTER 2 OBJECTIVES
- Define communications
- Identify the basic components of a communications
system - Describe how and why network computers are used
in schools and school districts - Explain how the Internet works
3CHAPTER 2 OBJECTIVES
- Describe the World Wide Web portion of the
Internet - Explain how Web documents are linked to one
another - Explain the use of Web browser software
- Explain how to use a Web search tool to find
information
4CHAPTER 2 OBJECTIVES
- Identify several types of multimedia products
available on the Web - Explain how Internet services such as e-mail,
newsgroups, chat rooms, and instant messaging
work - Describe the educational implications of the
Internet and the World Wide Web - Describe different ways to connect to the
Internet and the World Wide Web
5WHAT IS COMMUNICATIONS?
- A process in which two or more computers or
devices transfer data, instructions, and
information - Sometimes called telecommunications
6WHAT IS COMMUNICATIONS?
- Electronic mail (e-mail)
- Voice mail
- Fax (facsimile)
- Telecommuting
- Online services
- Videoconferencing
- Internet
- World Wide Web
7COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS
- Basic communications system
- Two computers, one to send and one to receive
data - Communications devices that send and receive data
- A communications channel over which data is sent
8A COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM
9COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS
- Communications channel
- Transmissions media
- Twisted-pair cable
10COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS
- Digital vs. analog signals
- Modem
- External modem
- Internal modem
- Network interface cards
11COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS
- Local Area Networks (LAN)
- Covers limited geographical area
- Server manages resources
- Wide Area Networks (WAN)
- Covers large geographical area
- Can consist of several LANs
12COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS
- Home Networks
- Connects multiple computers in your home
- Share Internet access and resources
13NETWORKING THE CLASSROOM, SCHOOL, AND DISTRICT
- School network server
- Example classroom
- Three Macintosh computers
- Printer
14NETWORKING THE CLASSROOM, SCHOOL, AND DISTRICT
- Example school network
- Classrooms
- Administration
- Computer lab
- Example school district
- Central office
- Various schools
15SCHOOLS LOCAL AREA NETWORK
16DISTRICTS WIDE AREA NETWORK
17WIRELESS SCHOOLS AND CLASSROOMS
- Keep in touch with family and friends from
anywhere - Smart pagers
- Cellular telephones
- Handheld computers
- Notebook computers
- Wireless technology brings the computer lab to
students
18HIGH SPEED OR BROADBAND ACCESS
- Government works to provide high speed Internet
access to classrooms - Broadband technology transmits signals at much
faster speeds
19THE BENEFITS OF COMPUTER NETWORKS IN EDUCATION
- Sharing of computer hardware, software, and data
resources - Unlimited educational resources
- Communicate with other educators and students
20WHAT IS THE INTERNET?
- Worldwide group of connected networks that allow
public access to information and services - No single organization owns or controls
- Estimated 500 million users
- Variety of uses
21The worlds largest network is the Internet,
which is a worldwide collection of networks that
link together millions of businesses,
governments, educational institutions, and
individuals.
22HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
- Started as a network of four computers at in both
California and Utah in 1969 - Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) -
ARPANET - More than 35 million computers today
- Backbone first provided by National Science
Foundation (NSF) - NSFnet
23HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
24HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
- Backbone now provided by variety of corporations
- Various organizations help define standards
- Internet2 (I2)
- Extremely high-speed network
- Develop and test latest Internet technologies
- Members include over 190 universities in the
United States, along with 60 companies and the
United States government
25HOW THE INTERNET WORKS
- Data is divided into packets
- Routers send packets across the Internet
- Packet switching
- Transmission control protocol/Internet protocol
(TCP/IP) is the communications protocol used by
the Internet
26(No Transcript)
27HOW THE INTERNET WORKS
- Internet Service Providers versus Online Service
Providers - Have permanent connections to the Internet
- Provide temporary connections to individuals and
companies for a fee - Local and national ISPs
- Online service providers offer members only areas
28HOW THE INTERNET WORKS
- Connecting to the Internet
- Business or school network connected to the
Internet - Dial-up access
- ISDN
- Cable TV (CATV)
- Digital subscriber line (DSL)
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30HOW THE INTERNET WORKS
- The Internet Backbone
- Acts as a highway
- Local ISPs connect through leased lines to
national ISPs
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32HOW THE INTERNET WORKS
- Internet Addresses
- Numeric addresses
- Domain name
- Domain type abbreviations
- Country code abbreviations
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34THE WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
- Started in the early 1990s
- Hyperlinks
- Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
- Hypertext transfer protocol
35THE WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
36THE WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
- How a Web Page Works
- Hypertext
- Hyperlinks
- Target
- Relative
- Absolute
37THE WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
- Discovery learning
- Web Surfing
- Webmaster
- Hypertext markup language (HTML)
- Web publishing
38THE WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
- Web Browser Software
- Interprets HTML and displays Web pages and
enables you to link to other Web pages and Web
sites
39THE WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
- Web Browser Software
- Mosaic
- Netscape Navigator
- Microsoft Internet Explorer
40THE WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
- Searching for Information on the Web
- Directory maintained by a search engine company
- Helps find information on the Web
- Search engine
- Subject directory
41THE WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
- Multimedia on the Web
- Web pages incorporate graphics, animation, audio,
video, and virtual reality - Plug-ins
42THE WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
- Multimedia on the Web
- Graphics
- Used to enhance text-based Internet
43THE WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
- Multimedia on the Web
- Graphics
- Graphics formats
44THE WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
- Multimedia on the Web
- Graphics
- Thumbnails
45THE WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
- Multimedia on the Web
- Animation
- Marquees
- Animated GIFs
46THE WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
- Multimedia on the Web
- Audio
- MP3 format
- MP3 player
- Streaming audio
- RealAudio
47THE WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
- Multimedia on the Web
- Video
- Streaming video
- RealVideo
48THE WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
- Multimedia on the Web
- Virtual Reality
- Simulation of real or imagined environment that
appears as a three-dimensional (3-D) space - VR worlds
49This instructional Web site uses VR to teach
biology students about cells and body tissues.
50OTHER INTERNET SERVICES
- E-mail
- Primary communication method for both personal
and business use - E-mail programs
- Mailbox
- Mail server
- E-mail address
- User name
51OTHER INTERNET SERVICES
- FTP (file transfer protocol)
- FTP sites and servers
- Allows file downloads and uploads
- Anonymous FTP
- FTP programs
52OTHER INTERNET SERVICES
- Newsgroups and Message Boards
- Newsgroup online area in which users conduct
written discussions about a particular subject - Usenet
- News server
- News reader
- Article
- Posting
- Threaded discussion
53OTHER INTERNET SERVICES
- Newsgroups and Message Boards
- Message Boards easier to use than newsgroups
54OTHER INTERNET SERVICES
- Mailing Lists
- Group of e-mail names and addresses given a
single name - Subscribing and unsubscribing
- LISTSERVs
55OTHER INTERNET SERVICES
- Chat Rooms
- Real-time conversation
- Chat rooms
- Chat clients
- IRC (Internet relay chat)
- Microsoft Chat
56(No Transcript)
57OTHER INTERNET SERVICES
- Instant Messaging
- See when one or more people are online
- Exchange messages and files
- Join a private chat room
- Short Message Service (SMS)
- Send and receive text messages from Web-enabled
devices
58NETIQUETTE
- Internet etiquette
- The code of acceptable behaviors users should
follow while on the Internet
59(No Transcript)
60INTERNET SECURITY
- Firewall
- Filtering software
- Acceptable Use Policy (AUP)
61THE IMPACT OF THE INTERNET AND THE WORLD WIDE WEB
ON EDUCATION
- The Web is the Gutenberg press of modern times
- Collaboration with other teachers and students
- ePALS
- New instructional strategies
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63THE FUTURE OF THE INTERNET AND THE WORLD WIDE WEB
- Will connect 80 percent of the worlds computers
in a few years - More than a billion wireless communication
devices will be in use by the middle of the
decade - All K-12 teachers will have access to the
Internet in their classrooms - Wireless technology will become commonplace in
K-12 education
64THE FUTURE OF THE INTERNET AND THE WORLD WIDE WEB
- Everyday appliances with embedded computers will
have Internet access - More intelligent and focused Web search
capabilities - 100 to 1,000 times faster in a few years
- Business will continue to be the driving force
65THE FUTURE OF THE INTERNET AND THE WORLD WIDE WEB
- Increased access speeds and greater availability
will allow teachers and students to view
thousands of videos - The Web will become an integral part of all
education and will revolutionize the way students
learn core subjects
66CHAPTER SUMMARY
- Define communications
- Identify the basic components of a communications
system - Describe how and why network computers are used
in schools and school districts - Explain how the Internet works
67CHAPTER SUMMARY
- Describe the World Wide Web portion of the
Internet - Specify how Web documents are linked to one
another - Explain the use of browser software
- Explain how to use a Web search tool to find
information
68CHAPTER SUMMARY
- Identify several types of multimedia products
available on the Web - Explain how Internet services, such as e-mail,
newsgroups, chat rooms, and instant messaging
work - Describe the educational implications of the
Internet and the World Wide Web - Describe how to connect to the Internet and the
World Wide Web
69Chapter 2 Complete
70GUIDE TO WORLD WIDE WEB SITES AND SEARCHING
TECHNIQUES
71An extensive, current list of Web sites in
various categories can be found at
http//www.scsite.com/tdc3 Click the Special
Feature, Guide to WWW Sites link on the left
sidebar
72USING A SUBJECT DIRECTORY
- Provides categorized lists of links
- Arranged by subjects
- This example will show you how to find
information on Mark Twains childhood
73USING A SUBJECT DIRECTORY
Start your browser and enter the URL
www.yahoo.com in the Address box. When the
Yahoo! home page appears, point to the Literature
link below Arts Humanities. You point to
Literature because that is the category in which
Mark Twain made his contributions.
74USING A SUBJECT DIRECTORY
Click Literature. When the Literature page
appears, point to the Authors link. You point to
Authors because Mark Twain was an author. Each
time you click a category link, you move closer
to the topic.
75USING A SUBJECT DIRECTORY
Click Authors. When the Authors page appears,
scroll down and point to the letter T in the
alphabetical site listings. (You can also find
information about Mark Twain by clicking the
Literary Fiction link.)
76USING A SUBJECT DIRECTORY
Click the letter T. The browser window displays
an alphabetical listing of authors whose last
names begin with T, as well as other
author-related organizations that begin with T.
Scroll down and then point to the Twain, Mark
(1835-1910) link.
77USING A SUBJECT DIRECTORY
Click Twain, Mark (1835-1910). When the page
appears, scroll down and then point to the Mark
Twain Papers Project link.
78USING A SUBJECT DIRECTORY
Click the Mark Twain Papers Projects link.
When the page appears, click the links one at a
time. Use the browsers Back button to Return to
The Mark Twain Papers Project page after
viewing the page associated with each link.
79USING A SEARCH ENGINE
- Search many Web sites for information you are
seeking - Carefully craft your keywords to limit the search
- This example uses the Google search engine to
search for the phrase, mark twain papers
80USING A SEARCH ENGINE
Start your browser and then enter the URL
http//www.google.comin the Address box. When
the Google home page appears, type mark twain
papers in the Search text box and then point to
the Google Search button.
81USING A SEARCH ENGINE
Click the Google Search button. When the results
of the search appear, scroll through the links
and read the descriptions. Point to the Mark
Twain Papers Project link.
82USING A SEARCH ENGINE
- Click the Mark Twain Papers Project link. A
Web page appears that contains extensive
information about the collected original
documents by and about Mark Twain
83LIMITING THE SEARCH
84GUIDELINES TO SUCCESSFUL SEARCHING
- Use nouns as keywords, and put the most important
terms first in your keyword - Use the asterisk () to find plurals of words
- Type keywords in lowercase to find both lowercase
and uppercase variations
85GUIDELINES TO SUCCESSFUL SEARCHING
- Use quotation marks to create phrases so the
search engine finds the exact sequence of words - Use a hyphen alternative
- E-mail or email
- Limit the search by language
- Use uppercase characters for Boolean operators
86GUIDELINES TO SUCCESSFUL SEARCHING
- Before you use a search engine, read its Help
- The Internet contains many search engines. If
your search is unsuccessful with one search
engine, try another
87POPULAR SEARCH SITES
- Google
- google.com
- AllTheWeb
- alltheweb.com
- Yahoo!
- yahoo.com
- MSN Search
- search.msn.com
- AOL Search
- search.aol.com
88POPULAR PORTALS
- Ask Jeeves
- askjeeves.com
- HotBot
- hotbot.com
- Lycos
- lycos.com
- LookSmart
- looksmart.com
- AltaVista
- altavista.com
89POPULAR PORTALS
- Netscape Search
- search.netscape.com
- Overture
- overture.com
- InfoSpace
- infospace.com
90POPULAR EDUCATION SEARCH TOOLS
- Ask Jeeves for Kids
- ajkids.com
- Awesome Library
- awesomelibrary.org
- Bens Guide to U.S. Government for Kids
- bensguide.gpo.gov
- Blue WebN
- www.kn.pacbell.com/wired/bluewebn
- Busy Teachers Web Site K-12
- www.ceismc.gatech.edu/busyt
91POPULAR EDUCATION SEARCH TOOLS
- Education Index
- educationindex.com
- Education World
- www.education-world.com
- EduHound
- www.eduhound.com
- emTech
- www.emtech.net
- FirstGov for Kids
- kids.gov
92POPULAR EDUCATION SEARCH TOOLS
- Great Web Sites for Kids
- www.ala.org/alsc/children_links.html
- Kathy Schrocks Guide for Educators
- school.discovery.com/schrockguide
- KidsClick!
- sunsite.berkeley.edu/KidsClick!
- Kids Search Tools
- www.rcls.org/ksearch.htm
- Learning Page
- learningpage.com
93POPULAR EDUCATION SEARCH TOOLS
- Sites for Teachers
- www.sitesforteachers.com
- STEM-NET Theme Pages for Elementary Students and
Teachers - www.stemnet.nf.ca/CUTE/themes.html
- The Gateway to Educational Materials (GEM)
- www.thegateway.org
- TekMoms Search Tools for Students
- tekmom.com/search
- Yahooligans
- www.yahooligans.com