A Short History of Freshwater Science (aka, Limnology)

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A Short History of Freshwater Science
(aka, Limnology)
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Early Limnology Lake Morphology
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Early Limnology Temperature Profiles
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Early Limnology Crazy Microorganisms
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Early Limnology Nuisance Algal Blooms
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Advances in the last 200 years
Freshwater Systems as MICROCOSMS
Freshwater Systems as INTEGRATORS
OR
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Stephen Forbes (1844-1930)
Forbes SA. 1887. The lake as a microcosm. Bull of
the Peoria Scientific Association, Reprinted
Bulletin of the Illinois State Natural History
Survey 15 537-550.
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Raymond L. Lindeman (1915-1942)
Cedar Bog Lake, MN
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Lindemann RL. 1942. The trophic-dynamic aspects
of ecology. Ecology 23 399-418.
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Margaret B. Davis
Rogers Lake, CT
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Davis MB. 1969. Climate changes in southern
Connecticut recorded by pollen deposition at
Rogers Lake. Ecology 50 409-663.
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Davis MB. 1969. Climate changes in southern
Connecticut recorded by pollen deposition at
Rogers Lake. Ecology 50 409-663.
Age (yrs ? 1000)
Depth (m)
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Streams and Rivers as Natures Plumbing
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Gene E. Likens and Herb Bormann
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The Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, NH
1 km
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The Small Watershed Concept
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Sample input
and output
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Whole-Watershed Manipulations
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Effect of Forest Removal on Stream Temperature
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Effect of Forest Removal on Nutrient Export
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Advances in the last 150 years
Freshwater Systems as MICROCOSMS
Freshwater Systems as INTEGRATORS
AND