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Centre lathe

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Centre lathe The Centre Lathe is used to manufacture cylindrical shapes from a range of materials including; steels and plastics. Components that assemble to make an ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Centre lathe


1
Centre lathe

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(No Transcript)
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  • The Centre Lathe is used to manufacture
    cylindrical shapes from a range of materials
    including steels and plastics.
  • Components that assemble to make an car engine
    work have been made using lathes.
  • The Lathe may be operated by people (manual
    lathes) or computer controlled lathes (CNC
    machines) that have been programmed to carry out
    a particular task.

4
A basic manual centre lathe
  • The lathe is controlled by a person turning
    handles on the top slide and cross slide in order
    to make a part.

5
Lathe Parts
  • Lathe bed
  • Made from rigid cast Iron
  • Accurately machined slideways
  • Slideways guide carriage tailstock
  • Headstock on upper end of the lathe bed

6
Lathe parts
  • Headstock
  • Holds lathe spindle and gears
  • Chuck is fitted to spindle
  • Spindle is hollow for long bars

7
Lathe parts
  • Tailstock
  • Can be moved along slideways
  • Can be clamped
  • in any location
  • Inside tapered
  • to hold drill chuck

8
Lathe parts
  • Carriage
  • Moves along bed between tailstock and headstock
  • Saddle across the lathe
  • Apron hangs down in front

9
Lathe parts
  • Cross Slide
  • Fitted on the Saddle
  • Moves cutting tool at right angles to lathe bed

10
Lathe parts
  • Top Slide (Compound slide)
  • Fitted to top of Cross slide
  • Carries toolpost and cutting tool
  • Can rotate to any angle
  • Is used to turn tapers

11
Lathe parts
  • Feed shaft
  • Used to move the Carriage automatically
  • Lead screw
  • Used when screw cutting on the lathe

12
Lathe Parts
  • Three Jaw Chuck
  • Self centring
  • Holds round and hexagonal work
  • 3 jaws are connected
  • Jaws are stamped 1,2 3 and fitted in order
  • Chuck key used to open

13
Lathe parts
  • Toolpost
  • Fitted on top slide and carries the cutting tool
    or the cutting tool holder
  • Can adjust the height on some types
  • Can carry 4 different tool holders

14
Lathe parts
  • Tool holders
  • Used for holding cutting tool bits
  • Available in Right hand, left hand and straight

15
  • Cutting Tools
  • Can be High Speed Steel held in tool holders
  • Can be also Ceramic (Tungsten carbide) bits held
    directly in toolpost

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Cutting Tool Angle
  • Clearance angle
  • Ensures only the cutting edge of the tool touches
    the work
  • Too much clearance causes chatter

17
Cutting tool angle
  • Rake Angle
  • Allows the chip being cut to flow out
  • Changing the rake changes the power used in
    cutting and the heat generated
  • Large rake soft ductile materials
  • Small rake hard brittle materials

18
Cutting tool angle
  • Tool bits are held in holders at an angle of
    about 15

19
Cutting tools
  • We can put different shapes on the High speed
    tool bits to cut different shapes on the workpiece

20
Lathe operations
  • Facing off
  • Parallel Turning
  • Parallel Turning

21
Parallel Turning
  • The tool moved parallel to the work and
    cylindrical shapes are
  • formed
  • Also known as sliding

22
Parallel Turning
  • The student can Parallel turn the work on the
    lathe manually or use the automatic traverse
    option

23
Facing off
  • The tool is moved at right angles to the work
    using the cross slide
  • Flat surfaces are produced

24
Knurling
  • A knurling tool is used to press a pattern onto a
    round section.
  • The pattern is normally used as a grip for a
    handle.
  • This provide a grip for the round part
  • e.g. Screwdriver

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Knurling
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Parting off
  • If the student wants to cut off the part they
    have turned, they can use the hacksaw and a vice
    or use the parting off tool on the lathe.

27
Setting the tool height
  • The cutting tool on the lathe must be set to the
    exact centre of the work-piece
  • We use the centre of the tailstock to guide us to
    the correct height

28
Screw-cutting on the lathe
  • Lathes are also used to cut threads in round bars
  • These threads take up different profiles e.g iso
    (60) ACME etc.
  • These threads can be seen on bench vices, lathes
    etc.

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CNC Lathes
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  • In Industry it is not efficient or profitable to
    make everyday products by hand.
  • On a CNC machine it is possible to make hundreds
    of the same item in a day.
  • First a design is drawn using design software,
    then it is processed by the computer and made
    using the CNC machine.
  • In industry, CNC machines can be extremely large.

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LATHE OPERATIONS    
Producing a Flat Surface
Producing a Cylindrical Surface
.
Taper Turning
   
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Radius Turning Attachment
Drilling on a Lathe
Parting Off / Under Cutting
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