Thinking About Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behavior 2e

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Thinking About Psychology The Science of Mind
and Behavior 2e

• Charles T. Blair-Broeker
• Randal M. Ernst

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Biopsychological Domain
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Stress and Health Chapter
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Effects of Stress

• Module 12

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Stress

• Module 12 Effects of Stress

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Stress

• The process by which we perceive and respond to
  certain events, called stressors, that we
  appraise as threatening or challenging
• Is a process of perceiving and responding
• The response is called a stress reaction.

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Stress

• Play What is Stress? (417) Segment 35 from
  Psychology The Human Experience.

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Health Psychology

• A subfield of psychology that focuses on how
  stress affects our well being and health

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StressResponding to Stress

• Module 12 Effects of Stress

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Responding to Stress
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Responding to Stress
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Responding to Stress
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Hans Selye (1907-1982)

• Psychologist who researched recurring responses
  to stress the he called the general adaptation
  syndrome (GAS)
• Discovered various chemicals caused stress
  reactions in animals

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General Adaptation Syndrome

• Sylyes concept of the bodys adaptive response
  to stress in three stages
• Alarm
• Resistance
• Exhaustion

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General Adaptation Syndrome

• Alarm Reaction nervous system activated in
  response to stressor
• Resistance body responds with physiological
  reactions to cope with the stressor
• Exhaustion bodys resistance to stress is
  depleted (physical deterioration)

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General Adaptation Syndrome
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General Adaptation Syndrome
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General Adaptation Syndrome
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Hans Selye Interview

• Insert Hans Selyes Stress Response Studies
  Video 39 from Worths Digital Media Archive for
  Psychology.
• Instructions for importing the video file can be
  found in the Readme file on the CD-ROM.

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StressStressful Events

• Module 12 Effects of Stress

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Daily Stress

• Stress can be caused by
• Typical demands of the day
• Living situations
• Economic difficulties

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Stress on the Job

• Insert Stress on the Job Video 38 from Worths
  Digital Media Archive for Psychology.
• Instructions for importing the video file can be
  found in the Readme file on the CD-ROM.
• This clip is also in the Brain Series.

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Stress on the Job

• Play Emotions, Stress, and Health (1059)
  Module 21 from The Brain Teaching Modules (2nd
  edition).
• Part of this clip is also on Worths Digital
  Media Archive CD-ROM.

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Burnout

• Physical, emotional, and mental exhaustion
  brought on by persistent job-related stress
• Burnout can result in
• Depression
• Decreased performance
• Cynicism

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Significant Life Changes

• Stress can be the result of personal life changes
• Death of a loved one
• Leaving home for college
• Can result in health problems

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Catastrophes

• Large scale stress events (i.e. earthquakes,
  floods, war, etc.)
• Prolonged exposure can lead to physical and
  psychological problems.

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Effects of Perceived Control

• Module 12 Effects of Stress

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Perceived Control

• The sense of control or influence one has over
  stressful events in ones life
• Most studies suggest the lower the perceived
  control the larger the potential for
  health-related problems
• Lower perceived control leads to a lowered
  immunity to disease.

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Control and Stress

• Play Coping with Stress Control and
  Predictability (249) Module 22 from The Brain
  Teaching Modules (2nd edition).

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Optimism

• A generally positive outlook on the future
• Optimists have stronger immune systems and
  recover faster from health problems.
• Opposite of pessimism

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Stress Hormones

• Hormones released in response to stress
• The body must work to rid the body of the stress
  hormones.
• Pessimism and perceived lack of control both
  produce more stress hormones.

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Stress and DiseaseCancer and Stress

• Module 12 Effects of Stress

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Stress-Cancer Connection

• Evidence for a connection is not conclusive.
• Two conclusions
• Stress does not create cancer cells.
• Stress affects the bodys malignancy- fighting
  ability.

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Cognition and Cancer

• Play Cognition and the Immune System Mind/Body
  Interaction (1020) Segment 4 from The Mind
  Psychology Teaching Modules (2nd edition).

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Stress and DiseaseStress and Heart Problems

• Module 12 Effects of Stress

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Type A

• Term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient,
  verbally aggressive, and anger-prone.
• More prone to heart attacks and other stress
  related illnesses.

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Type B

• Individuals who are easygoing, relaxed people

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The End
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