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CMgt3350 Building Structures

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(1990) Fundamentals of Building Construction: Materials and Methods (2nd edition). Wiley & Sons: New York. * * * Title: CMgt3350 Building Structures Author: – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: CMgt3350 Building Structures


1
CMgt3350 Building Structures
  • Chapter 14 - Curtain Walls

2
Objectives
  • Explain the history of the curtain wall.
  • Match terms related to curtain walls.
  • Locate Curtain Walls in the CSI.
  • Discuss the advantages of curtain walls versus
    standard construction.
  • List and explain types of curtain wall assemblies.

3
History of the Curtain Wall Andres and Smith
versus Allen.
  • Andres and Smith, the authors of the text, state
    that the curtain wall, which was merely the outer
    wythe in a cavity wall assembly, was developed to
    protect the traditional concrete structure from
    rain penetration (page 452).
  • A non-load-bearing exterior wall

4
History of the Curtain Wall Andres and Smith
versus Allen.
  • The first steel-framed skyscraper, the Home
    Insurance Building in Chicago (1883), introduced
    the concept of the curtain wall, an exterior
    cladding (made in this case of masonry) supported
    at each story by the steel frame, rather than
    bearing its own load to the foundations (Allen,
    p. 648).
  • Allens glossary defines curtain wall as An
    exterior building wall that is supported entirely
    by the frame of the building, rather than being
    self-supporting or load-bearing (p. 780).

5
Curtain Wall
6
Terms (Allen, pages 775-798).
  • Cavity Wall- A masonry wall that includes a
    continuous airspace between its outermost wythe
    and the remainder of the wall.
  • Wythe- A vertical layer of masonry one masonry
    unit thick.
  • Weep holes- Small openings whose purpose is to
    permit drainage of water that accumulates inside
    a building component.

7
Concrete Block
8
Typical Brick Walls
9
Brick Terminology
10
Terms (Allen, pages 775-798).
  • Spandrel- The wall area between the head of a
    window on one story and the sill of the window on
    the floor above.
  • Spandrel Beam- A beam that runs along the outside
    edge of a floor or roof.
  • Mullion- A vertical or horizontal bar between
    adjacent window or door units.

11
Curtain Wall
12
Curtain Wall
13
Locate Curtain Walls in the CSI
  • 08900 GLAZED CURTAIN WALLS
  • 08910 Glazed Steel Curtain Walls
  • 08920 Glazed Aluminum Curtain Walls
  • 08930 Glazed Stainless Steel Curtain Walls
  • 08940 Glazed Bronze Curtain Walls
  • 08970 Structural Glass Curtain Walls

14
Advantages of Using Curtain Walls
  • 1. Less exterior wall thicknessmore interior
    floor space
  • 2. Less weightsmaller foundations less money
  • 3. PrefabricationIncreased insulation and
    sealing qualities decreasing lawsuits
  • 4. Prefabricationless timeless money
  • 5. Many materials to choose frommore
    aesthetically pleasing than traditional concrete
    surfaces.

15
Curtain Wall Materials/Assemblies
  • Unit Masonry between columns and beams for
    lateral support or independent of columns and
    beams (using looped rods as anchors).

16
Unit Masonry
  • Build units into openings formed by the existing
    columns and beams

17
Unit Masonry
  • Erect a wall independent of any vertical support

18
Curtain Wall Materials/Assemblies
  • Stone Panels- precast and attached to steel or
    concrete structure

19
Curtain Wall Materials/Assemblies
  • Precast Concrete- Either cast in a factory or
    cast on the ground onsite and then lifted into
    place (aka tilt-up).

20
Precast Concrete
  • Panel can be cast, cured, and finished in a plant
    and then erected over a structural steel frame

21
Precast Concrete
  • Precast panels are made with protruding rebar
    dowels and set in place and then the columns are
    formed and poured.

22
Curtain Wall Materials/Assemblies
  • Lightweight Sandwich- interior metal liner with
    insul. panel, air gap, and ext. metal panel.

23
Lightweight Curtain Walls
  • Consist of an interior liner, insulating layer,
    and exterior finish
  • Preassembled and ready for installation
  • Made on site by installing the components
    individually
  • Exterior finishes can be steel coated with
    enamel, aluminum, copper, and bronze

24
Curtain Wall Materials/Assemblies
  • Glass and mullions- prefab or glass set onsite

25
Curtain Wall Materials/Assemblies
  • Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (GFRC) Curtain
    Walls- alkali-resistant glass fiber
    admixturetensile strengthno steel reinforcing
    requiredweighs ΒΌ of conventional precast
    concrete panels.
  • Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS)
    Curtain Walls- a layer of plastic foam insulation
    covered with a reinforcing mesh and base/finish
    coat of stucco. Can be installed over a CMU
    backup wall or steel studs and water-resistant
    sheathing. (aka Drive-it)

26
References Cited
  • Andres, Cameron K. and Smith, Ronald C. (2001).
    Principles and Practices of Commercial
    Construction (Sixth Edition). Prentice Hall New
    Jersey.
  • Allen, Edward. (1990) Fundamentals of Building
    Construction Materials and Methods (2nd
    edition). Wiley Sons New York.
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