Who Makes the Rules?

1
Who Makes the Rules?

• The rules governing amateur radio under U.S.
  control are made by an agency of the U.S.
  government, the Federal Communications Commission
  (FCC).
• These rules are published in what we hams
  usually call Part 97. It would be a really
  good idea to download a copy of Part 97 to refer
  to as you study. You can get a copy in several
  different formats from
• http//www.arrl.org/FandES/field/
• regulations/news/part97/

2
What is an Amateur Radio Operator?

• The FCC says an amateur operator is a person
  named in an amateur operator/ primary license
  grant in the FCC ULS database. (See 97.3(a)(1))
• Before a person can become an amateur operator,
  the person must get a license from the FCC. In
  order to get that license, the person must take a
  test such as the Technician exam you are studying
  for right now.

3
What is an Amateur Radio Station?

• According to the FCC, an amateur radio station
  is a station in an Amateur Radio Service
  consisting of the apparatus necessary for
  carrying on radio communications.
• To be an amateur radio station, the station has
  to be licensed by the FCC and capable of actually
  communicating. (See 97.3(a)(5))

4
The Purposes of Amateur Radio

• You may think that the purpose of amateur radio
  is to have fun. Well, you can certainly have a
  lot of fun with amateur radio, but according to
  the FCC, that is not one of the purposes of
  amateur radio.
• Part 97 lists five purposes of amateur radio.
  They are

5
The Purposes of Amateur Radio

• Recognition and enhancement of the value of
  the amateur service to the public as a voluntary
  noncommercial communication service, particularly
  with respect to providing emergency
  communications.
• Hams provide communications during emergencies
  and at many public events. Hams provide this
  service at no charge.

6
The Purposes of Amateur Radio

• Continuation and extension of the amateur's
  proven ability to contribute to the advancement
  of the radio art.
• Hams are often the first to come up with new
  ideas for improving radio communications.

7
The Purposes of Amateur Radio

• Encouragement and improvement of the amateur
  service through rules which provide for advancing
  skills in both the communications and technical
  phases of the art.
• Hams learn the technical side of radio in order
  to improve their own skills.

8
The Purposes of Amateur Radio

• Expansion of the existing reservoir within the
  amateur radio service of trained operators,
  technicians, and electronics experts.
• Hams provide a pool of trained radio operators
  that can be called on during emergencies.

9
The Purposes of Amateur Radio

• Continuation and extension of the amateur's
  unique ability to enhance international
  goodwill.
• Hams spread goodwill as they communicate with
  other hams all over the world.

10
Amateur Radio License Classes

• There are three different classes of amateur
  license that may be earned today. They are
• - Technician This is the entry level license,
  and the one you are working on right now.
• - General The next level license. It requires
  that you pass a slightly harder test, and that
  you learn Morse Code, but it is the ticket to
  most long distance radio contacts.
• - Extra This is the toughest license to earn,
  but it gives you access to all amateur radio
  frequencies and modes.

11
Amateur Radio License Classes

• (Note There are two other license classes
  that are no longer being issued Novice and
  Advanced. You dont need to know these for the
  test, but you may hear them mentioned on the air.)

12
How Do You Get an Amateur License?

• A volunteer examiner (VE) is an amateur
  accredited by one or more Volunteer Examiner
  Coordinators (VECs) and who volunteers to
  administer amateur license exams. (See
  97.509(b))
• To get your first amateur license, you will
  have to take a Technician test before a team of
  at least three volunteer examiners at a scheduled
  VE session.

13
What Happens When You Pass the Test?

• When you visit a volunteer examination session,
  you can take any of four different tests. These
  tests are called elements. Element 1 is a
  Morse code test, Element 2 is the Technician
  test, Element 3 is the General Test, and Element
  4 is the Extra test.
• When you pass one or more elements, you are
  given a Certificate of Successful Completion of
  Examination (CSCE). If it qualifies you for a
  license, it is your proof that you passed if
  paperwork should be lost.

14
What Happens When You Pass the Test?

• But lets say you go to a VE session and pass
  your Technician exam. That qualifies you for the
  Technician license. While you are there, you try
  the General exam, and you manage to pass it.
• You dont qualify for the General license until
  you pass the Morse code test. However, your CSCE
  is good for proof that you passed the General for
  exactly 365 days. If you pass the code test at
  any VE session and present that CSCE within 365
  days you will be upgraded to General.
• But remember, the CSCE is good for no more than
  365 days! (See 97.505(a)(6))

15
Your Volunteer Examiners

• The FCC says that there must be three volunteer
  examiners present to administer the Technician
  exam, and they all must be General class
  licensees or higher.
• (See 97.509(a)(b)(3)(i))

16
Harmful Interference

• When two stations transmit on the same
  frequency, somebody is not going to be heard.
  Whether it is intentional or not, the FCC says
  any transmission that disturbs other
  communications is harmful interference.
• You should always avoid causing harmful
  interference.

17
Check-Up Time!

• Now lets try the questions from this group.
• You should make a note of any that you miss for
  later review.

18
T1A01

• Who is an amateur operator as defined in Part
  97?
• A. A person named in an amateur operator/primary
  license grant in the FCC ULS database
• B. A person who has passed a written license
  examination
• C. The person named on the FCC Form 605
  Application
• D. A person holding a Restricted Operating Permit

19
T1A01 Answer - A

• 97.3(a)(1)
• Amateur operator. A person named in an amateur
  operator/ /primary license station grant on the
  ULS consolidated licensee database to be the
  control operator of an amateur station.

20
T1A02 (B)

• What is one of the basic purposes of the Amateur
  Radio Service as defined in Part 97?
• A. To support teaching of amateur radio classes
  in schools
• B. To provide a voluntary noncommercial
  communications service to the public,
  particularly in times of emergency
• C. To provide free message service to the public
• D. To allow the public to communicate with other
  radio services

21
T1A02 Answer - B

• 97.1(a)
• (a) Recognition and enhancement of the value of
  the amateur service to the public as a voluntary
  noncommercial communication service, particularly
  with respect to providing emergency
  communications.

22
T1A03

• What classes of US amateur radio licenses may
  currently be earned by examination?
• A. Novice, Technician, General, Advanced
• B. Technician, General, Advanced
• C. Technician, General, Extra
• D. Technician, Tech Plus, General

23
T1A03 Answer - C

• 97.501
• Each applicant must pass an examination for a
  new amateur operator license grant and for each
  change in operator class. Each applicant for the
  class of operator license grant specified below
  must pass, or otherwise receive examination
  credit for, the following examination elements
• (a) Amateur Extra Class operator Elements 1, 2,
  3, and 4
• (b) General Class operator Elements 1, 2, and
  3
• (c) Technician Class operator Element 2.

24
T1A04

• Who is a Volunteer Examiner?
• A. A certified instructor who volunteers to
  examine amateur teaching manuals
• B. An FCC employee who accredits volunteers to
  administer amateur license exams
• C. An amateur accredited by one or more VECs who
  volunteers to administer amateur license exams
• D. Any person who volunteers to examine amateur
  station equipment

25
T1A04 Answer - C

• 97-.509(b)
• (b) Each administering VE must
• Be accredited by the coordinating VEC
• (2) Be at least 18 years of age
• (3) Be a person who holds an amateur operator
  license of the class specified...
• NOTE VE stands for volunteer examiner.

26
T1A05

• How long is a CSCE valid for license upgrade
  purposes?
• A. 365 days
• B. Until the current license expires
• C. Indefinitely
• D. Until two years following the expiration of
  the current license

27
T1A05 Answer - A

• 97.505(a)(6)
• (a)The administering VEs must give credit as
  specified below to an examinee holding any of the
  following license grants or license documents
• (6) A CSCE Each element the CSCE indicates the
  examinee passed within the previous 365 days.
• NOTE CSCE stands for Certificate of
  Successful Completion of Examination.

28
T1A06

• How many and what class of Volunteer Examiners
  are required to administer an Element 2
  Technician written exam?
• A. Three Examiners holding any class of license
• B. Two Examiners holding any class of license
• C. Three Examiners holding a Technician Class
  license
• D. Three Examiners holding a General Class
  license or higher

29
T1A06 Answer - D

• 97.509(a)(b)(3)(i)
• (b) Each administering VE must
• (3) Be a person who holds an amateur operator
  license of the class specified below
• (i) Amateur Extra, Advanced or General Class in
  order to administer a Technician Class operator
  license examination

30
T1A07

• Who makes and enforces the rules for the Amateur
  Radio Service in the United States?
• A. The Congress of the United States
• B. The Federal Communications Commission
• C. The Volunteer Examiner Coordinators
• D. The Federal Bureau of Investigation

31
T1A07 Answer - B

• 97.5
• The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has
  been empowered by Congress to produce regulations
  for the Amateur Radio Service. These rules are a
  part of the Federal Code of Regulations, and are
  commonly referred to as Part 97 by U.S. hams.

32
T1A08

• What are two of the five fundamental purposes
  for the Amateur Radio Service?
• A. To protect historical radio data, and help the
  public understand radio history
• B. To aid foreign countries in improving radio
  communications and encourage visits from foreign
  hams
• C. To modernize radio electronic design theory
  and improve schematic drawings
• D. To increase the number of trained radio
  operators and electronics experts, and improve
  international goodwill

33
T1A08 Answer - D

• 97-1
• The rules and regulations in this Part are
  designed to provide an amateur radio service
  having a fundamental purpose as expressed in the
  following principles
• (a) Recognition and enhancement of the value of
  the amateur service to the public as a voluntary
  noncommercial communication service, particularly
  with respect to providing emergency
  communications.
• (b) Continuation and extension of the amateur's
  proven ability to contribute to the advancement
  of the radio art.
• (c) Encouragement and improvement of the amateur
  service through rules which provide for advancing
  skills in both the communications and technical
  phases of the art.
• (d) Expansion of the existing reservoir within
  the amateur radio service of trained operators,
  technicians, and electronics experts.
• (e) Continuation and extension of the amateur's
  unique ability to enhance international goodwill.

34
T1A09

• What is the definition of an amateur radio
  station?
• A. A station in a public radio service used for
  radio communications
• B. A station using radio communications for a
  commercial purpose
• C. A station using equipment for training new
  broadcast operators and technicians
• D. A station in an Amateur Radio Service
  consisting of the apparatus necessary for
  carrying on radio communications

35
T1A09 Answer - D

• 97.3(a)(5)
• Amateur station. A station in an amateur radio
  service consisting of the apparatus necessary for
  carrying on radiocommunications.

36
T1A10

• What is a transmission called that disturbs
  other communications?
• A. Interrupted CW
• B. Harmful interference
• C. Transponder signals
• D. Unidentified transmissions

37
T1A10 Answer - B

• 97.3(A)(23)
• Harmful interference. Interference which
  endangers the functioning of a radionavigation
  service or of other safety services or seriously
  degrades, obstructs or repeatedly interrupts a
  radiocommunication service operating in
  accordance with the Radio Regulations.

38
Group T1B

• Group T1B covers the International
  Telecomunications Union (ITU) regions,
  international amateur regulations, the US amateur
  call sign structure, special event calls, and the
  vanity call sign program.

39
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

• The FCC makes the rules for amateur radio for
  the U.S., but because radio waves cross borders,
  nations have cooperated with each other where
  radio is concerned.
• Thats where the International
  Telecommunications Union (ITU) comes in. Among
  other things, the ITU coordinates international
  rules for amateur radio.
• (See 97.3(a)(28))

40
ITU Regions

• The world is divided into three ITU Regions.
  This helps ITU planners and nations to manage
  frequency allocations, such as TV channels, AM,
  FM and shortwave frequencies, and (of course) the
  all important ham bands!

41
The United States is in Region 2
42
Your Call Sign

• Soon after you pass your Technician test, you
  will get your brand new license in the mail. It
  will feature a brand new call sign that will
  become your identity on the air. There are a
  couple of things youll want to know about it.

43
Your Call Sign

• First, your call will start with one of four
  letters - A, K, N or W.
• Second, the United States is divided into ten
  call areas. Your call sign will contain a single
  number, 0 through 9, representing the call area
  where you live when your license is issued.

44
Your Call Sign

• As a Technician licensee, your license will be
  a two by three call two letters, followed by
  the call area number, followed by three more
  letters. Here are some examples of 2 by 3 call
  signs
• KA4PUV
• WB4IUY
• WA4SIS
• KI4OTM

45
So What Will Your Call Sign Be?

• The FCC has a sequential list of call signs.
  Youll get the first available call on the list.
  Call signs are assigned in sequential order.
• (See 97.17(d))

46
What If You Dont Like Your Call Sign ?

• If you dont like the call sign you get, for a
  fee, the FCC will let you pick your own call sign
  from a list of available calls.
• For example, suppose Elmer H. Fudd would like
  to have a call sign with his initials, and he
  finds out that WA9EHF is available. Through a
  program called the vanity call sign program he
  can apply for that call. (See 97.19(d))

47
Club Station Calls

• An amateur radio club can also get a call sign
  for club use, and it is easy to do.
• To get a club station call sign, a trustee has
  to submit an application for the club call
  through a Club Station Call Sign Administrator.

48
Special Event Calls

• If you are organizing a special radio event,
  such as a special event station for a July 4th
  celebration, you can apply for a temporary one
  by one call. The one by one call consists of
  one of the four U.S. call sign beginning letters
  (A,K,N or W), a call area number 1 through Ø, and
  a third letter. Examples are N4J, K3X, A9Z, W2T,
  and WØW.
• Any licensed amateur may apply for a temporary
  call.

49
Reciprocal Operating Agreements

• Your amateur license allows you to operate
  anywhere in the U.S. or its possessions. In
  addition, if the U.S. has a reciprocal operating
  agreement with a foreign country, you can operate
  in that country and hams licensed in that country
  can operate here. The rules that allow this kind
  of operation vary from country to country, so you
  need to see whether the U.S. has a reciprocal
  operating agreement with any country you wish to
  visit, and what the requirements are. (See
  97.107)

50
Check-Up Time!

• Now lets try the questions from this group.
• You should make a note of any that you miss for
  later review.

51
T1B01

• What is the ITU?
• A. The International Telecommunications Utility
• B. The International Telephone Union
• C. The International Telecommunication Union
• D. The International Technology Union

52
T1B01 Answer - C

• 97.3(a)(28)
• ITU. International Telecommunication Union.

53
T1B02

• What is the purpose of ITU Regions?
• A. They are used to assist in the management of
  frequency allocations
• B. They are useful when operating maritime mobile
• C. They are used in call sign assignments
• D. They must be used after your call sign to
  indicate your location

54
T1B02 Answer - A

• 97.301
• Most of the worlds nations participate in the
  International Telecommunications Union. This
  organization sets up regional frequency
  assignments to prevent harmful radio interference
  across national borders. Each participating
  nation then assigns frequencies to its users
  within that framework. In the U.S., Congress has
  tasked the FCC with this responsibility.

55
T1B03

• What system does the FCC use to select new
  amateur radio call signs?
• A. Call signs are assigned in random order
• B. The applicant is allowed to pick a call sign
• C. Call signs are assigned in sequential order
• D. Volunteer Examiners choose an unassigned call
  sign

56
T1B03 Answer - C

• 97.17(d)
• One unique call sign will be shown on the
  license grant of each new primary, club and
  military recreation station. The call sign will
  be selected by the sequential call sign system.
• Be careful not to confuse this with the vanity
  call program where a person may apply for a
  specific call sign!

57
T1B04

• What FCC call sign program might you use to
  obtain a call sign containing your initials?
• A. The vanity call sign program
• B. The sequential call sign program
• C. The special event call sign program
• D. There is no FCC provision for choosing a your
  call sign

58
T1B04 Answer - A

• 97.19(d)
• The vanity call sign requested by an applicant
  must be selected from the group of call signs
  corresponding to the same or lower class of
  operator license held by the applicant as
  designated in the sequential call sign system.
• This rule also sets out the specific
  requirements for applying for the new call.

59
T1B05

• How might an amateur radio club obtain a club
  station call sign?
• A. By applying directly to the FCC in Gettysburg,
  PA
• B. By applying through a Club Station Call Sign
  Administrator
• C. By submitting a FCC Form 605 to the FCC in
  Washington, DC
• D. By notifying a VE team using NCVEC Form 605

60
T1B05 Answer - B

• 97.17(b)(2)
• For a new club or military recreation station
  license grant, each applicant must present all
  information required by the rules to an amateur
  radio organization having tax-exempt status under
  section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of
  1986 that provides voluntary, uncompensated and
  unreimbursed services in providing club and
  military recreation station call signs ("Club
  Station Call Sign Administrator") who must submit
  the information to the FCC in an electronic batch
  file...

61
T1B06

• Who is eligible to apply for temporary use of a
  1-by-1 format Special Event call sign?
• A. Only Amateur Extra class amateurs
• B. Only military stations
• C. Any FCC-licensed amateur
• D. Only trustees of amateur radio club stations

62
T1B06 Answer - C

• Any amateur can apply for a temporary 1-by-1
  call for a special event or contest. For
  example, if TEARA wanted to compete in a one day
  CW contest as a club, any of its ham members
  could apply for a call that would be easy to send
  in code, such as W4T. Its called a one-by-one
  call because it has only one letter before the
  call area number and one after the call area
  number.

63
T1B07

• When are you allowed to operate your amateur
  station in a foreign country?
• A. When there is a reciprocal operating agreement
  between the countries
• B. When there is a mutual agreement allowing
  third party communications
• C. When authorization permits amateur
  communications in a foreign language
• D. When you are communicating with non-licensed
  individuals in another country

64
T1B07 Answer - A

• 97.107
• A non-citizen of the United States (alien)
  holding an amateur service authorization granted
  by the alien's government is authorized to be the
  control operator of an amateur station located at
  places where the amateur service is regulated by
  the FCC, provided there is in effect a
  multilateral or bilateral reciprocal operating
  arrangement, to which the United States and the
  alien's government are parties, for amateur
  service operation on a reciprocal basis. The FCC
  will issue public announcements listing the
  countries with which the United States has such
  an arrangement.

65
T1B08

• Which of the following call signs is a valid US
  amateur call?
• A. UZ4FWD
• B. KBL7766
• C. KB3TMJ
• D. VE3TWJ

66
T1B08 Answer - C

• A valid amateur call issued to an individual in
  the U.S. will always begin with either W, K, N,
  or A. Depending on the license class, it will
  consist of either one or two letters, followed by
  a single digit number, which will be followed by
  one, two or three letters.

67
T1B09

• What letters must be used for the first letter
  in US amateur call signs?
• A. K, N, U and W
• B. A, K, N and W
• C. A, B, C and D
• D. A, N, V and W

68
T1B09 ANSWER - B

• A valid amateur call in the U.S. will always
  begin with either W, K, N, or A.

69
T1B10

• What numbers are used in US amateur call signs?
• A. Any two-digit number, 10 through 99
• B. Any two-digit number, 22 through 45
• C. A single digit, 1 though 9
• D. A single digit, 0 through 9

70
T1B10 Answer - D

• A single digit, 0 through 9 will always be in
  the middle of a call sign. This number
  represents the call area in which the person
  received that particular license.

71
Group T1C

• Group T1C covers the authorized frequencies for
  Technician licenses, and reciprocal licensing
  between the United States and other countries.
  It also covers operation near amateur band edges
  and sharing the spectrum with other services.

72
Control Operator

• You may have visited a licensed ham and had the
  privilege of talking on your friends radio. As
  long as your friend is there and in control of
  the station, that is perfectly legal. Before a
  person can control an amateur station here in the
  U.S., the person must be named in the FCC amateur
  license database, or be an alien with reciprocal
  operating authorization
• What does this mean? It means that a person
  either has to be licensed (thats how you get in
  the database), or be an foreign licensed amateur
  (alien) from a country that has a reciprocal
  operating agreement with the U.S.

73
So Where Can You Operate?

• As a Technician licensee licensed by the FCC,
  you can operate anywhere the Amateur Radio
  Service is regulated by the FCC. This includes
  all the states and U.S. possessions. (See
  97.5(a))

74
Communication With Other Radio Services

• Your license is good only for the Amateur Radio
  Service. The only way you as an amateur operator
  can legally communicate with other radio services
  is if the FCC authorizes you to do so. (See
  97.111)
• This usually happens only during a declared
  emergency, so you cant generally use your radios
  to talk with CBers or on the Family Radio
  Service, even if your equipment is capable of
  doing so, unless the FCC says it is OK.

75
Radio Bands

• You are already familiar with radio bands, even
  if you dont realize it.
• For example, the AM broadcast band in the U.S.
  is from 525 kilohertz to 1715 kilohertz. Suppose
  your favorite AM station is at 850 on your radio
  display. That means its frequency is 850
  kilohertz.

76
Radio Bands

• Another example the FM broadcast band is from
  87.9 megahertz to 108.0 megahertz. If you like
  to listen to Oldies 101.5, you are listening to
  a station whose frequency is 101.5 megahertz.
• (For right now, dont worry about what
  kilohertz and megahertz mean. Well get to
  that later.)

77
Amateur Radio Bands

• It shouldnt surprise you that there are
  amateur radio bands as well. As a Technician
  there are several you should be familiar with.
  They are
• 6 Meter Band - 50 megahertz to 54 megahertz
• 2 meter band - 144 megahertz to 148 megahertz
• 1.25 meter band - 222 megahertz to 225
  megahertz
• 70 centimeter (cm) band - 440 megahertz to 450
  megahertz
• 23 centimeter (cm) band - 1240 megahertz to
  1300 megahertz

78
Amateur Radio Bands

• There are not all that many things you have to
  memorize for the Technician exam, but these bands
  do have to be memorized. You should take a
  minute or two to write down the bands and their
  frequencies on the previous slide.

79
Secondary Basis

• Hams have to share some of their frequencies
  with other services, such as government radio
  services, on what is called a secondary basis
  with the other service being the primary user.
  When the FCC says that an amateur frequency band
  is available on a secondary basis that means is
  that amateurs may not cause harmful interference
  to primary users. (See 97.303)

80
Communicating with Foreign Hams

• Remember that thing about amateurs promoting
  goodwill? A U.S. amateur operator may communicate
  with an amateur in a foreign country at any time
  unless prohibited by either government. (See
  97.111)

81
Prohibited Transmissions

• When you operate your radio, there are a number
  of things you can legally do such as make brief
  transmissions to adjust your station, establish
  two-way communications with other stations, or
  even assist persons learning or improving
  proficiency in Morse code (CW).
• However, you may not engage in communications
  on a regular basis that could reasonably be
  furnished alternatively through other radio
  services. That is a huge no-no! (See
  97.113(a)(5))

82
Check-Up Time!

• Now lets try the questions from this group.
• You should make a note of any that you miss for
  later review.

83
T1C01

• What is required before you can control an
  amateur station in the US?
• A. You must hold an FCC restricted operator's
  permit for a licensed radio station
• B. You must submit an FCC Form 605 with a license
  examination fee
• C. You must be named in the FCC amateur license
  database, or be an alien with reciprocal
  operating authorization
• D. The FCC must issue you a Certificate of
  Successful Completion of Amateur Training

84
T1C01 Answer - C

• 97.5(a)
• (a) The station apparatus must be under the
  physical control of a person named in an amateur
  station license grant on the ULS consolidated
  license database or a person authorized for alien
  reciprocal operation by 97.107 of this part,
  before the station may transmit on any amateur
  service frequency...

85
T1C02

• Where does a US amateur license allow you to
  transmit?
• A. From anywhere in the world
• B. From wherever the Amateur Radio Service is
  regulated by the FCC or where reciprocal
  agreements are in place
• C. From a country that shares a third party
  agreement with the US
• D. Only from the mailing address printed on your
  license

86
T1C02 Answer - B

• 97.5(a)
• The answer to this question is not particularly
  clear from a reading of the rule, but
  essentially, your license allows you to operate
  anywhere the FCC has jurisdiction or in any
  country that has a reciprocal agreement with the
  U.S.

87
T1C03

• Under what conditions are amateur stations
  allowed to communicate with stations operating in
  other radio services?
• A. When other radio services make contact with
  amateur stations
• B. When authorized by the FCC
• C. When communicating with stations in the Family
  Radio Service
• D. When commercial broadcast stations are off the
  air

88
T1C03 Answer - B

• 97.111
• Specifically, (a)(2) says, Transmissions
  necessary to exchange messages with a station in
  another FCC-regulated service while providing
  emergency communications Ordinarily, the FCC
  will only authorize communications with other
  radio services when there is an emergency of some
  sort.

89
T1C04

• Which frequency is within the 6-meter band?
• A. 49.00 MHz
• B. 52.525 MHz
• C. 28.50 MHz
• D. 222.15 MHz

90
T1C04 Answer - B

• 97.301(a)
• This subsection contains a table of all the
  amateur band frequency allocations. You will not
  have to memorize all of them, but you will have
  to memorize some.

91
T1C05

• Which amateur band are you using when
  transmitting on 146.52 MHz?
• A. 2 meter band
• B. 20 meter band
• C. 14 meter band
• D. 6 meter band

92
T1C05 Answer - A

• 97.301(a)
• Another frequency question referring to the
  same table in the rules. You can count on having
  at least one such question on your exam.

93
T1C06

• Which 70-centimeter frequency is authorized to a
  Technician class license holder operating in ITU
  Region 2?
• A. 455.350 MHz
• B. 146.520 MHz
• C. 443.350 MHz
• D. 222.520 MHz

94
T1C06 Answer - C

• 97.301(a)
• Yet another frequency question. You may as
  well become familiar with these bands. As a
  Technician licensee, they are your bands!

95
T1C07

• Which 23 centimeter frequency is authorized to a
  Technician class license holder operating in ITU
  Region 2?
• A. 2315 MHz
• B. 1296 MHz
• C. 3390 MHz
• D. 146.52 MHz

96
T1C07 Answer - B

• 97.301(a)
• Heres another frequency question. Although
  there are several possible on the test, you will
  never get more than one.

97
T1C08

• What amateur band are you using if you are
  operating on 223.50 MHz?
• A. 15 meter band
• B. 10 meter band
• C. 2 meter band
• D. 1.25 meter band

98
T1C08 Answer - D

• 97.301(a)
• The frequency questions represent the bands you
  need to be familiar with. Again, there is no
  shortcut for these questions. For complete
  success, you will have to memorize the
  allocations. The good news is there are not all
  that many.

99
T1C09

• What do the FCC rules mean when an amateur
  frequency band is said to be available on a
  secondary basis?
• A. Secondary users of a frequency have equal
  rights to operate
• B. Amateurs are only allowed to use the frequency
  at night
• C. Amateurs may not cause harmful interference to
  primary users
• D. Secondary users are not allowed on amateur
  bands

100
T1C09 Answer - C

• 97.303
• A secondary user cannot cause interference to
  the other service, even if it means the secondary
  user has to stop transmitting. Also the
  secondary user has to put up with interference
  caused by the other service.

101
T1C10

• When may a US amateur operator communicate with
  an amateur in a foreign country?
• A. Only when a third-party agreement exists
  between the US and the foreign country
• B. At any time except between 146.52 and 146.58
  MHz
• C. Only when a foreign amateur uses English
• D. At any time unless prohibited by either
  government

102
T1C10 Answer - D

• 97.111
• The only time you cannot communicate with a
  foreign ham is when either their government or
  ours says you cannot. According to the rule, the
  foreign government will notify the ITU when it
  wishes to restrict communications, and the FCC
  publishes notices of such restrictions.

103
T1C11

• Which of the following types of communications
  are not permitted in the Amateur Radio Service?
• A. Brief transmissions to make adjustments to the
  station
• B. Brief transmissions to establish two-way
  communications with other stations
• C. Transmissions to assist persons learning or
  improving proficiency in CW
• D. Communications on a regular basis that could
  reasonably be furnished alternatively through
  other radio services

104
T1C11 Answer - D

• 97.113(a)(5)
• This rule has a long list of prohibited
  communications, but most are common sense. While
  you will not be tested on most of them, to be a
  good operator, you should be familiar with all of
  them.

105
Group T1D

• Group T1D covers your station license and the
  importance of having your correct name and
  address on file with the FCC. It also covers
  the term of the amateur license, how you renew
  your license, and the grace period if you let
  your license expire.

106
Amateur Radio Service Operator License

• The Amateur Radio Service is unique in that it
  is the only service regulated by the FCC that is
  issued an operator station license. Many
  services are issued a station license, but the
  amateur license with its unique call sign covers
  both the operator and any station set up by that
  operator. (See 97.17(a))

107
Who Can Be An Amateur Radio Operator in the U.S.

• Anyone except a representative of a foreign
  government can become an amateur licensee in the
  U.S or any other area under the FCCs
  jurisdiction. You do not have to be a U.S.
  citizen. (See 97.5(b)(1))

108
How Old Do You Have To Be To Be A Ham?

• There is no minimum age requirement to get an
  amateur radio license. If you can pass the
  required test, you can be licensed at any age.

109
The FCC Grants Amateur Licenses

• The Federal Communications Commission grants
  your amateur license once you pass your exam.
  Never forget this is the agency that regulates
  just about everything to do with amateur radio!

110
When Can You Begin Operating?

• We live in an Internet world. Once you pass
  the required examination elements for your
  Technician license, you do not have to wait for
  your license to arrive in the mail. As soon as
  your license grant appears in the FCC's ULS
  database, you can begin operating. (See
  97.5(a)) Most CSCEs will have one or more
  Internet links you can visit to see whether your
  license has been issued. As soon as you see your
  name and call sign, you can begin using it.

111
How Long Is Your License Good For?

• Amateur licenses are issued for a term of ten
  years. (See 97.25(a))

112
What If You Let Your License Expire?

• Even if you let your license expire, there is a
  two year grace period during which you can renew
  your license without having to retake any exam.
  (See 97.21(b))
• Theres only one catch. You absolutely cannot
  operate during the grace period. If you let your
  license expire, and you renew during the two year
  grace period, you have to wait until you are
  renewed to resume operating. (See 97.21(b))

113
Your Responsibility As A Station Licensee

• One thing that you must always remember is that
  as a station licensee, you are responsible for
  insuring that your station is operated in
  accordance with the FCC rules. (See 97.103(a))
• You cannot pass the buck on that one!

114
Your Mailing Address

• The FCC requires that your mailing address as
  the station licensee to be kept up to date on its
  Universal Licensing System (ULS) database. They
  are very picky about that. The Commission
  intends to insure that you can receive mail
  delivery from the FCC by the United States Postal
  Service. If your mail is returned to the FCC as
  undeliverable, the FCC could revoke or suspend
  your hard-earned license!
• You wouldnt want that to happen, now would
  you? (See 97.23)

115
Check-Up Time!

• Now lets try the questions from this group.
• You should make a note of any that you miss for
  later review.

116
T1D01

• Which of the following services are issued an
  operator station license by the FCC?
• A. Family Radio Service
• B. Amateur Radio Service
• C. General Radiotelephone Service
• D. The Citizens Radio Service

117
T1D01 Answer - B

• 97.17(a)
• The amateur radio service is unique in that the
  license grant licenses both the operator and the
  station put into service by the operator. Other
  FCC licenses, when required, usually license
  either the operator or the station, but not both.
  A license is not required for FRS or CB.

118
T1D02

• Who can become an amateur licensee in the US?
• A. Anyone except a representative of a foreign
  government
• B. Only a citizen of the United States
• C. Anyone except an employee of the US government
• D. Anyone

119
T1D02 Answer - A

• 97.5(b)(1)
• (b) The types of station license grants are
• (1) An operator/primary station license grant.
  One, but only one, operator/primary station
  license grant may be held by any one person. The
  primary station license is granted together with
  the amateur operator license. Except for a
  representative of a foreign government, any
  person who qualifies by examination is eligible
  to apply for an operator/primary station license
  grant.

120
T1D03

• What is the minimum age required to hold an
  amateur license?
• A. 14 years or older
• B. 18 years or older
• C. 70 years or younger
• D. There is no minimum age requirement

121
T1D03 Answer - D

• 97.5(b)(1)
• There is no age requirement to get an amateur
  radio license.

122
T1D04

• What government agency grants your amateur radio
  license?
• A. The Department of Defense
• B. The Bureau of Public Communications
• C. The Department of Commerce
• D. The Federal Communications Commission

123
T1D04 Answer - D

• 97.5(a)
• The thing to remember is that the Federal
  Communications Commission (FCC) regulates all
  aspects of amateur radio, from issuing the
  license to enforcement actions.

124
T1D05

• How soon may you transmit after passing the
  required examination elements for your first
  amateur radio license?
• A. Immediately
• B. 30 days after the test date
• C. As soon as your license grant appears in the
  FCC's ULS database
• D. As soon as you receive your license in the
  mail from the FCC

125
T1D05 Answer - C

• 97.5(a)
• You do not have to wait for your license to
  show up in the mail. As soon as your license is
  granted by the FCC and you find your call sign in
  the FCCs online database, you can begin
  operating. The license will usually arrive in
  the mail a day or two later.

126
T1D06

• What is the normal term for an amateur station
  license grant?
• A. 5 years
• B. 7 years
• C. 10 years
• D. For the lifetime of the licensee

127
T1D06 Answer - C

• 97.25(a)
• An amateur service license is normally granted
  for a 10-year term.
• And thats a long time between renewals!

128
T1D07

• What is the grace period during which the FCC
  will renew an expired 10-year license without
  re-examination?
• A. 2 years
• B. 5 years
• C. 10 years
• D. There is no grace period

129
T1D07 Answer - A

• 97.21(b)
• (b) A person whose amateur station license
  grant has expired may apply to the FCC for
  renewal of the license grant for another term
  during a 2 year filing grace period. The
  application must be received at the address
  specified above prior to the end of the grace
  period. Unless and until the license grant is
  renewed, no privileges in this Part are
  conferred.

130
T1D08

• What is your responsibility as a station
  licensee?
• A. You must allow another amateur to operate your
  station upon request
• B. You must be present whenever the station is
  operated
• C. You must notify the FCC if another amateur
  acts as the control operator
• D. Your station must be operated in accordance
  with the FCC rules

131
T1D08 Answer - D

• 97.103(a)
• (a) The station licensee is responsible for the
  proper operation of the station in accordance
  with the FCC Rules.
• As an amateur operator, you are always required
  to follow the FCCs rules. A does not make much
  sense. B and C may look correct, but there are
  practical reasons why neither is a right answer,
  as you will learn.

132
T1D09

• When may the FCC revoke or suspend a license if
  the mailing address of the holder is not current
  with the FCC?
• A. If mail is returned to the FCC as
  undeliverable
• B. When the licensee transmits without having
  updated the address
• C. When the licensee operates portable at a
  different address
• D. If the address is not updated within the 2
  year grace period

133
T1D09 Answer - A

• 97.23
• Each license grant must show the grantee's
  correct name and mailing address. The mailing
  address must be in an area where the amateur
  service is regulated by the FCC and where the
  grantee can receive mail delivery by the United
  States Postal Service. Revocation of the station
  license or suspension of the operator license may
  result when correspondence from the FCC is
  returned as undeliverable because the grantee
  failed to provide the correct mailing address.

134
T1D10

• The FCC requires which address to be kept up to
  date on the Universal Licensing System database?
• A. The station location address
• B. The station licensee mailing address
• C. The station location address and mailing
  address
• D. The station transmitting location address

135
T1D10 Answer - B

• 97.23
• Each license grant must show the grantee's
  correct name and mailing address. The mailing
  address must be in an area where the amateur
  service is regulated by the FCC and where the
  grantee can receive mail delivery by the United
  States Postal Service. Revocation of the station
  license or suspension of the operator license may
  result when correspondence from the FCC is
  returned as undeliverable because the grantee
  failed to provide the correct mailing address.

136
T1D11

• When are you permitted to continue to transmit
  if you forget to renew your amateur license and
  it expires?
• A. Transmitting is not allowed until the license
  is renewed and appears on the FCC ULS database
• B. When you identify using the suffix EXP
• C. When you notify the FCC you intend to renew
  within 90 days
• D. Transmitting is allowed any time during the
  2-year grace period

137
T1D11 Answer - A

• 97.21(b)
• (b) A person whose amateur station license
  grant has expired may apply to the FCC for
  renewal of the license grant for another term
  during a 2 year filing grace period. The
  application must be received at the address
  specified above prior to the end of the grace
  period. Unless and until the license grant is
  renewed, no privileges in this Part are
  conferred.

138
T1D12

• Why must an Amateur radio operator have a
  correct name and mailing address on file with the
  FCC?
• A. To receive mail delivery from the FCC by the
  United States Postal Service
• B. So the FCC Field office can contact the
  licensee
• C. It isn't required when you haven't operated
  your station in a year
• D. So the FCC can locate your transmitting
  location

139
T1D12 Answer - A

• 97.23
• Each license grant must show the grantee's
  correct name and mailing address. The mailing
  address must be in an area where the amateur
  service is regulated by the FCC and where the
  grantee can receive mail delivery by the United
  States Postal Service. Revocation of the station
  license or suspension of the operator license may
  result when correspondence from the FCC is
  returned as undeliverable because the grantee
  failed to provide the correct mailing address.

140
One Down, Nine to Go!

• This concludes Study Guide 1.
• Once you are satisfied that you can answer 80 of
  the questions in this Sub-element, you are ready
  to move on to Study Guide 2.