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Chapter 2 Enlarging Vocabulary through Central Ideas

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Title: Chapter 2 Enlarging Vocabulary through Central Ideas


1
Chapter 2Enlarging Vocabulary through Central
Ideas
  • Central Ideas 1-5

2
Central Ideas
  • Skill
  • Poverty
  • Wealth
  • Fear
  • Courage

3
Part 1 SKILL
  • Adroit
  • Ambidextrous
  • Apprentice
  • Aptitude
  • Craftsperson
  • Dexterity
  • Maladroit
  • Versitile

4
1. Adroit (adj)
  • Expert in using the hands or mind skillful
    clever deft dexterous
  • Our adroit passing enabled us to score four
    touchdowns.

5
2. Ambidextrous (adj)
  • Able to use both hands equally well
  • Ruth is an ambidextrous hitter she can bat
    right-handed or left-handed.

6
3. Apprentice (n)
  • Person learning an art or trade under a skilled
    worker learner beginning novice tyro
  • Young Ben Franklin learned the printing trade by
    serving as an apprentice to his half brother
    James.

7
4. Aptitude (n)
  • Natural tendency to learn or understand bent
    talent
  • Cindy is not clumsy with tools she has
    mechanical aptitude.

8
5. Craftsperson (n)
  • Skilled worker artisan
  • To build a house, you need the services of
    carpenters, bricklayers, plumbers, and
    electricians each one must be a skilled
    craftsperson.

9
6. Dexterity (n)
  • Skill using the hands or mind deftness
    adroitness expertise
  • You cant expect an apprentice to have the same
    dexterity as a skilled worker.

10
7. Maladroit (adj)
  • Clumsy inept awkward
  • A maladroit worker banged his thumb with a hammer.

11
8. Versatile (adj)
  • Capable of doing many things well many-sided
    all-around
  • Leonardo da Vinci was remarkably versatile. He
    was a painter, sculptor, architect, musician,
    engineer, and scientist.

12
Part 2 Poverty
  • Destitute
  • Economize
  • Frugal
  • Impoverished
  • Indigence

13
9. Destitute (adj)
  • Not possessing the necessities of life, such as
    food, shelter, and clothing needy indigent
  • The severe earthquake killed hundreds of persons
    and left thousands destitute.

14
10. Economize (v)
  • Reduce expences be frugal
  • Consumers can economize by buying their milk in
    gallon containers.

15
11. Frugal (adj)
  • Barely enough scanty
  • Avoiding waste economical sparing saving
    thrifty
  • The old man had nothing to eat but bread and
    cheese yet he offered to share his frugal meal
    with his visitor.
  • My weekly allowance for lunches and fares isnt
    much, but I can get by on it if I am frugal.

16
12. Impoverish (v)
  • Make very poor reduce to poverty bankrupt
    ruin pauperize
  • The increase in dues of only a dollar a year will
    not impoverish anyone.

17
13. Indigence (n)
  • Poverty penury
  • By hard work, countless thousands of Americans
    have raised themselves from indigence to wealth.

18
Part 3 Wealth
  • Affluent
  • Avarice
  • Avaricious
  • Covet
  • Dowry
  • Financial
  • Fleece
  • Hoard
  • Lavish
  • Lucrative
  • Means
  • Opulence
  • Sumptuous

19
14. Affluent (adj)
  • Very wealthy rich opulent
  • The new wing to the hospital is a gift from an
    affluent humanitarian.

20
15. Avarice (n)
  • Excessive desire for wealth greediness cupidity
  • If manufacturers were to raise prices without
    justification, they could be accused of avarice.

21
16. Avaricious (adj)
  • Greedy grasping covetous
  • An avaricious person likes to get and keep, but
    not to give or share.

22
17. Covet (v)
  • Desire long for crave, especially something
    belonging to another
  • Jorge coveted his neighbors farm but could not
    get her to sell it.

23
18. Dowry (n)
  • Money, property, etc., that a bride brings to her
    husband
  • The dowry that his wife brought him enabled the
    Italian engraver Piranesi to devote himself
    completely to art.

24
19. Financial (adj)
  • Having to do with money matters monetary
    pecuniary fiscal
  • People who keep spending more than they earn
    usually get into financial difficulties.

25
20. Fleece (v)
  • (literally, to remove the wool from sheep or a
    similar animal)
  • Deprive or strip of money or belongings by fraud
    charge excessively for goods or services rob
    cheat swindle
  • If your sister paid 9000 for that car, she was
    fleeced. The mechanic says it was worth 5000.

26
21. Hoard (v)
  • Save and conceal accumulate amass
  • Aunt Bonnie had a reputation as a miser who
    hoarded every penny she could get her hands on.

27
22. Lavish (adj)
  • Too free in giving, using, or spending profuse
    prodigal
  • Given or spent too freely very abundant
    extravagant profuse
  • The young heir was warned that he would soon have
    nothing left if he continued to be lavish with
    money.
  • Veras composition is good, but it doesnt
    deserve the lavish praise that Linda gave it.

28
23. Lucrative (adj)
  • Profitable moneymaking
  • Because the gift shop did not produce a
    sufficient profit, the owner decided to go into a
    more lucrative business.

29
24. Means (n. pl)
  • Wealth property resources
  • To own an expensive home, a yacht, and a
    limousine, you have to be a person of means.

30
25. Opulence (n)
  • Wealth riches affluence
  • Dickens contrasts the opulence of Frances
    nobility with the indigence of her peasants.

31
Sumptuous (adj)
  • Involving large expense luxurious costly
  • The car with the leather upholstery and thick
    rugs is beautiful but a bit sumptuous for my
    simple tastes.

32
Fear
  • Apprehensive
  • Cower
  • Dastardly
  • Intimidate
  • Poltroon
  • Timid
  • Trepidation

33
27. Apprehensive (adj)
  • Expecting something unfavorable afraid anxious
  • Apprehensive parents telephoned the school when
    the class was late getting home from the museum.

34
28. Cower (v)
  • Draw back tremblingly shrink or crouch in fear
    cringe recoil
  • If you stand up to your bullying sister instead
    of cowering before her, she may back down.

35
29. Dastardly (adv)
  • Cowardly and mean
  • It was dastardly of the captain to desert the
    sinking vessel and leave the passengers to fend
    for themselves.

36
30. Intimidate (v)
  • Make fearful or timid frighten force by fear
    cow bully
  • The younger children would not have given up the
    playing field so quickly if the older ones hadnt
    intimidated them.

37
31. Poltroon (n)
  • Thorough coward dastard craven
  • Like the poltroon that he was, Tonseten hid under
    the bed when he saw a fight coming.

38
32. Timid (adj)
  • Lacking courage or self-confidence fearful
    timorous shy
  • If the other team challenges us, we should
    accept. Lets not be so timid!

39
33. Trepidation (n)
  • Nervous agitation fear, fright trembling
  • I thought Carol would be nervous when she made
    her speech, but she delivered it without
    trepidation.

40
Courage
  • Audacious
  • Audacity
  • Dauntless
  • Exploit
  • Fortitude
  • Indomitable
  • Plucky
  • Rash

41
34. Audacious (adj)
  • Bold fearlessly daring
  • Too bold insolent impudent
  • The audacious sea captain set a couse for
    uncharted waters.
  • After we had waited for about twenty minutes, an
    audacious latecomer strolled up and tried to get
    in at the head of our line.

42
35. Audacity (n)
  • Nerve rashness temerity
  • Oliver Twist, nine-year-old poorhouse inmate, was
    put into solitary confinement when he had the
    audacity to ask for a second helping of porridge.

43
36. Dauntless (adj)
  • Fearless intrepid very brave valiant
  • The frightened sailors wanted to turn back, but
    their dauntless captain urged them to sail on.

44
37. Exploit (n)
  • Heroic act daring deed feat
  • Amelia Earhart won worldwide fame for her expoits
    as an aviator.

45
38. Fortitude (n)
  • Courage in facing danger, hardship or pain
    endurance bravery pluck backbone valor
  • The officer showed remarkable fortitude in
    remaining on duty despite a painful wound.

46
39. Indomitable (adj)
  • Incapable of being subdued unconquerable
    invincible
  • The bronco that would not be broken threw all its
    riders. It had an indomitable will to be free.

47
40. Plucky (adj)
  • Courageous brave valiant valorous
  • After two days on a life raft, the plucky
    survivors were rescued by a helicopter.

48
41. Rash (adj)
  • Overhasty foolhardy reckless impetuous taking
    too much risk
  • When you lose your temper, you may say or do
    something rash and regret it afterward.
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